[...]... gihng chu y6u nhdt bAo dAm tinh chdt bi6n hinh c6a cbng trinh, bho dAn 6n dinh c6a toan dan vi kko cung n h a ccla thanh canh nkn Tuy the0 clli6u dai n h i , do ldn ciia d i n vi keo va k6t cdu tadng d$u h6i ma co thd cs'u tao h$ gihng inai n h a sau : bi- Tradng hdp chidu dai nha < 20m va c6 tadilg d6u h6i cdng c6 thd chju dagc ILJ'C ngang (tudng gach > 22cm) thi c6 th6 d i n g ngay xa g6 d6 lam giing,... b-nFcin.gx6i :La I)$ pl1$11 lorn xu6'ng 6 vj t r i giao t u y h cfurgc c5u t;;o dgt inhng d6 t h u i1u .6~ t i f cac mai d6c dB11 dkdn Ridu cach cgu~ mang x6i du'qc gidi thieu 6td chdc tao thoat nu6c mai d6c (H7-20) 2.2 1.2- Yc5u cgu thie"tke" a- Khi chc mai giao nllau co 66 d6c bBng nhau, dufdng gd song noc, duldng r6nh inai du-dcxac djnh tr8n mat b51lgmai cach v d~dngpl18il A ciia g6c tao n8n b6i c5c... biet 11- Khu nbc, mhng xbi : 1.1- M6 t i : a- Khu noc : La bQ p11$11 11qp t11Anh bdi 3 mAi ddc cfuwc: cdu tao 6' doail dAu 116i n l ~ a6v/ t r i 2 inai d6c giao nhau s6 tao t l ~ a n h s6ng 116cnhb 1811 vA ng11ii.ng then cl1i6u , gd d6c cua inai b .6 giaa 2 c i a cda Tt~y theo goc tao thiilh gii?a dtfdng giot nufdc cua cAc mhi : 11kdu1 la g6c vu611g thi goi la k11u n6c thgng, nkdu: la goc nhon hogc tti... Thanh giHng chi50 d6ng dinh trqc ti6p vao thanh keo ho$c qua cac dai thep mong, ch6 giao nhau gi3a gihng chko va xa g6 cung cdn lien k6t ch$t c H e gidng d&ng : He gi5ng ddng c6 tac dung co" kkdt cho cac mGt c i a can11 du'di (qua giang) khbng venh kh6i mgt phhng c i a dan vi k&o,bAo d i m cho dan c6 vi t r i t h i n g dQng, dgc biet khi c6 gi6 161 1, nGn cung duqc goi la g i h g gi6 Gi5ng dgt trong... trong mgt ~ h i n tgh h g ddng 6 giaa dan vi k&o116i tting dbi vi kko vao nhau va co thd cach vai ba gian thi 1 16 t r i mot 1 8 gihng ddng Kh811g n$n lam gi5ng ddng li811 tqc su6t chi&udai gi5ng vi khi cfh 116u 1 mQt dan vi kko c11i11h hi plla hoai vi nguy8n 11h2n nao 86 thi s6 chuy6n lqc sang cac vi kko lAn c$n va c6 thd gAy pha hoai dAy chuy6n Khi nhjp c i a dan vi kko kha 16n (> 151n) thi ~ h Alain 2,... C&Itao, khbng tinh toan - thanh a g6 c6 d6 m6ng < 20cin, tllanh tl16p trhil c6 duidng kin11 12 1 16' " (H7-19) Noi cllung viec b 6 t r i va CALItao dung cach he gi5ng cua mai nha c6 y nghTa quygt dlilh dkdil s q lant viec an toan cua he mai, khi tllikdt k d cAn quan tAm dgc biet k MI d Dunl tr8n m, cac mi: hqp 5 n song ni duqc gi C- nha c6 c i a cac dthe0 so 2.1 mii d6c gian c i ; 111 - Cgu tgo b8 ph$n... kko b, d vi t r i giao tuy6n giQa 6 cac met ddc d$t d$m nghieng c n6u khdu dS, ldn thi c6 ti18 thay dhm nghi6ng bhng ban vi keo (H7-17) 2.4- He gihng : a- Tac dung cda h@ gidng : Cac dan vi keo piling rieng 16 ngoai viec dadc li6n k6t vdi nhau bHng cac xa gd ma con phAi cdu tao lien k6t bhng thanh gihng, thanh chdng v.v dagc goi chung la he gihng nhhm tao thanh mat he cdu k6t khbng gian Bn dinh, bao... khac cGa dan vi kko He gifng ddilg bao g6n1 hai thailh thkp c113 th$p vh met than11 ngang 1 16 c:ir ~51111 duf6i (qua giang), Than11 cl16o b5t bu loll vho tl1ni111 clil'ng ciia clan vi kko cl~iiih (1 16' ~ t11an11 nay b f n g g6) 11oQc b5t bu 1011 viio xh gB vii vho chnh dufdi cua dan vi k6o c:l1i1111, thanh ch6o chi1 duqc lain bang thkp trbn, bAt vit viio cAnh dan vi k6o Tikdt dien c < ~than11 gi5ng d i... i gb phai dagc cdu tao li6n kgt chat vao thanh kit0 (canh tr6n c6a dan vi keo) cGng nhu' vaa tadng h6i b2- T r ~ d n hdp t d n g h6i khbng du cdng dd ch!u daqc lqc ngang cClng n h ~ khi g r nha dai qua (khoang cach gi3a cac tu'dng ngailg cdng > 201n) thi phai tao ra nhililg khdi cdng 6 hai dhu nha va dpc chi& dai n h i , cach nhau khbng qua 20m d6 lain didm tqa cho cac xa g6 6n djnh cac dAm vi keo khac... vi keo ak6t V U ~ v.v dt bao din cac thal xudng c dk mai va g b- 1 chgt bi& canh qer c6 thd c4 bl- ' lqc ngan xa gb ph, n h vao I ~ b2nha dai ( khdi c h ; tqa cho c keo canh rnQt dan I cac dii tl (H7-18) xa g6 vdi xa g6 nllo h m gat l6n xa g6 ldn b- Khi hai khdu d bHng nhau thi ap dung phacfng cach vi keo k6 tren vi kko, vi Q keo a c6 mat d$u gat len tadng, mot d$u cbn . toan - thanh g6 c6 d6 m6ng < 20cin, tllanh tl16p trhil c6 duidng kin11 12 1 16& apos;" (H7-19). Noi cllung viec b6 tri va CALI tao dung cach he gi5ng cua mai nha c6 y nghTa quygt. c6 th6 ding ngay xa g6 d6 lam giing, vdi didu kien xi gb phai dagc cdu tao li6n kgt chat vao thanh kit0 (canh tr6n c6a dan vi keo) cGng nhu' vaa tadng h6i. b2- Tr~dng hdp tdng h6i khbng. 1.1- M6 ti : a- Khu noc : La bQ p11$11 11qp t11Anh bdi 3 mAi ddc cfuwc: cdu tao 6& apos; doail dAu 116i nl~a, 6 v/ tri2 inai d6c giao nhau s6 tao tl~anh gd s6ng 116c nhb 1811