1480 Index ✦ C–D createTFoot( ) method, TABLE element object, 640 createTHead( ) method, TABLE element object, 640 crypto property, 232 CSS (cascading style sheets), 74, 116 cursor attribute, 282–283 table of contents, 1336–1343 CSS1 (Cascading Style Sheets Level 1), 16 cssRule object, 792–796 cssRules property, styleSheet object, 783 cssText property, styleSheet object, 783–784 ctrlKey property event object (IE4), 747–748 event object (NN6+), 764–765 ctrlLeft property, event object (IE4), 748–749 curly braces, CD-54–CD-55 current property, history object, 333–334 currentStyle object, 796–840 font properties, 801–812 property values, 798–801 style properties, 797–798 text properties, 801–812 currentStyle property, 118 currentTarget property, event object (NN6+), 770 cursor style sheet attribute, 282–283 cursor types, 282–283 custom objects arrays of, creating, 1113–1114 creating, 1116 methods, custom, 1115–1116 D data, CD-35 data binding, 120–121 data entry validation, CD-7 data property event object (NN4), 742 Text object, 446 TextNode object, 446 data types, 58, CD-36 comparison operators, 1072–1073 conversion, CD-40–CD-42 converting, 1193 converting, applets, 1189–1190 strings, 927–930 databases, 1300 dataFld property, 119–120 dataFormatAs property, 119–120 dataPageSize property, TABLE element object, 634–635 dataSrc property, 119–120 dataTransfer property, event object (IE4), 754–757 date entries, forms, 983–986 Date object, 969–986, CD-94–CD-96 calculations, CD-96–CD-97 creating, 969–971 formatting, 976–977 mathematical calculations with, 978–979 methods, 971–975, CD-95 millisecond dates, creating, 974 properties, 971 string format, 975–976 time zones, 975 DD element object, 662–663 debugging scripts browser crashes, 1235 comments, statements and, 1229 embeddable Evaluator and, 1230–1231 error messages, 1218–1219 HTML tags, 1226–1227 prevention, 1235–1236 reopening files, 1228–1229 runtime errors, 1217–1218 runtime expression evaluation, 1229–1230 source, viewing, 1227 syntax errors, 1217–1218 tables, 1228 timing, 1228 trace utility, 1232–1234 working intermittently, 1227–1228 1481 Index ✦ D decimal numbers, converting to hexadecimal, 954–955 Decision Helper, CD-6–CD-6 navigation bars and, CD-104–CD-105 decision helper application, 1375–1398 decisions, CD-47–CD-48 declaring variables, CD-37 decodeURI( ) function, 1128–1129 decodeURIComponent( ) function, 1128–1129 decrementing arrays, 130–131 defaultCharset property, document object, 358 defaultChecked property Checkbox Input object, 558–559 Radio Input object, 562 defaultStatus property, 344 defaultValue property, Text Input object, 574 deferred scripting, CD-28–CD-30 dynamic tables and, 1286 deleteCaption( ) method, TABLE element object, 639–340 deleteCell( ) method, TR element property, 651–652 deleteContents( ) method, Range object, 435–436 deleteData( ) method Text object, 447–448 TextNode object, 447–448 deleteRow( ) method, TABLE element object, 640–641 deleteRule( ) method, styleSheet object, 792 deleteTFoot( ) method, TABLE element object, 640 deleteTHead( ) method, TABLE element object, 640 delimiter characters, HTML tags, 4 demo( ) function, CD-54 description property Error object, 1064–1065 mimeType object, 685 plugin object, 689–690 designMode property, document object, 359 detach( ) method, Range object, 436–437 detachEvent( ) method, 155–156 detail property, event object (NN6+), 770 DHTML. See Dynamic HTML dialog boxes, 289–290 cautions, 290–291 features, 289–290 retrieving data, 288–289 dialogArguments property, 233 dialogHeight property, 233 dialogLeft property, 234 dialogTop property, 234 dialogWidth property, 233 Dictionary object, 1141–1142 digital certificates, 1246–1247 dimmed elements, 121 DIR element object, 663 dir property, 121 direction property, MARQUEE element object, 421–422 directories property, 234–236 disabled property, 121–122, 128 Link element object, 481 styleSheet object, 784–785 disableExternalCapture( ) method, 261–262 dispatch lookup table, validation and, 1162–1164 dispatchEvent( ) method, 163 DIV element, 75 DL element object, 662–663 doctype property, document object, 359–360 document object, 13, CD-10, CD-61, CD-69–CD-72 arrays, CD-58–CD-59 browsers, 63–64 defining, 64 event handlers, 398–399 methods, 378–398 properties, 344–378 1482 Index ✦ D–E document property, 122, 236 FRAME element object, 301 IFRAME element object, 313 layers, 864 popup object, 317–318 document.all array, 71 documentation, online, 1467 document.close( ) method, CD-71 documentElement property, document object, 360 document.forms[ ] property, CD-70 document.images array, 51–52, CD-112 document.layers property, 70–71 documents loading, CD-10–CD-14 references to, CD-15 document.title property, CD-70 document.write( ) method, CD-39, CD- 70–CD-72 window object, 227 doIt( ) function, 51 DOM (document object model), 15, CD-8 compatibility, 20 content replacing/adding, 89 Core DOM, 76–77 event handling, 99 levels, 77 positioned elements, 874–899 proprietary, CD-10 standard, CD-10 W3C, 76–92 domain property, document object, 360–361 doReadRequest( ) method, userProfile object, 708–709 doScroll( ) method, BODY element object, 406–407 dot syntax, 62, CD-17–CD-18 downloading plug-ins, 6 dragging, element dragging behavior, 1277–1280 dragging layers, 894–899 DreamWeaver, 19 DT element object, 662–663 DTD (Document Type Definition), 81 dummy functions, 50 duplicate( ) method, TextRange object, 456–457 dynamic content, DOM, 96–97 Dynamic HTML, 16, CD-6–CD-7, CD-115–CD-116 API example, 1269–1272 behaviors, 76 compatibility issues, 1261–1268 element positioning, 209 interactivity, CD-8 map puzzle application, 1399–1414 non-DHTML browsers, 1268–1269 overview, 1259–1261 tables, 1293–1297 W3C DOM and, 78–79 dynamic styles, 94–95 dynamic tables, 1289–1293 dynsrc property, Image element object, 511 E ECMA (European Computer Manufacturer’s Association), 14–15, CD-35 ECMAScript, 38 element positioning, 97–98 element referencing, W3C COM, 79–80 elementFromPoint( ) method, document object, 385–386 elements attributes, removing, 158–159 containment hierarchy, 73–74 functions, passing to, CD-83–CD-85 grouping, 105 long descriptions, 303 sibling elements, 132 elements property, FORM element object, 538–539 EMBED element object, 913–916 properties, 914–916 <EMBED> tag, 1198, 1199 embeddable Evaluator, debugging scripts and, 1230–1231 1483 Index ✦ E embedding behavior components, 1274–1275 scripts, HTML documents, 38–44 sound, multiple, 1209–1214 embeds property, document object, 361 empty( ) method, selection object, 444–445 enabledPlugin property, mimeType object, 685–686 enableExternalCapture( ) method, 261–262 encodeURI( ) function, 1128–1129 encodeURIComponent( ) function, 1128–1129 encoding property, FORM element object, 539–540 enctype property, FORM element object, 539–540 endContainer property, Range object, 430 endOffset property, Range object, 430–431 entities, 43–44 Enumerator object, 1142–1143 error messages, 1218–1219 multiple, 1219 text, 1221–1226 Error object, 1063–1067 methods, 1067 properties, 1064–1067 error trapping, 60 errors file names, 1219 location, 1220–1221 runtime versus syntax, 1217–1218 scripts, 244 scripts, viewing, CD-30–CD-32 escape( ) function, 1129–1130 eval( ) function, 111, 1130–1132, CD-112 evaluated text, 27 Evaluator Jr. (Navigator), CD-40 Evaluator Sr. (Navigator), 54–56 evaluator.html file, 56 EVENT attribute, 40 event binding, scripts, 75 event bubbling, 74–75 event capture model, Navigator 4, 70 event handlers, 66–68, CD-20–CD-21 assignments, 51 behavior components, 1276 BODY element object, 407 BUTTON element object, 554–555 calling functions from, CD-52 Checkbox Input object, 559 document object, 398–399 FORM object, 544–545 generic objects, 191–216 Image element object, 519–520 keyboard events, 208–210 layers, 873–874 Link element object, 484 MARQUEE element object, 424–425 as methods, 66–67 as object properties, 50–51 as properties, 67–68 Radio Input object, 564–565 SELECT element object, 606–607 Text Input object, 580–582 window object, 292–299 event listener, 91 event models, bidirectional, 90–91 event object compatibility, 734–735 referencing, 732–733 event object (IE4) properties, 745–762, 747–762 event object (NN4), 741–745 properties, 742–745 event object (NN6+), 762–775 methods, 774–775 properties, 764–774, 764–775 event objects overview, 711–712 static, 713 event property, 236–237 SCRIPT element object, 488–489 event tasks, keyboard, 208–210 eventPhase property, event object (NN6+), 771 1484 Index ✦ E–F events, CD-20–CD-21 capturing, 279–280 models, 735–738 onChange, CD-78 passing, 718–720 propagation, 713–732 redirecting, Internet Explorer, 720–723 targets, drag and drop and, 201–202 types, 738–741 exception handling, 1053 exceptions compared to errors, 1053–1055 throwing error object exceptions, 1060–1061 throwing exceptions, 1059–1063 throwing object exceptions, 1062–1063 throwing string exceptions, 1059–1060 try-catch-finally constructions, 1055–1058 exec( ) method, regular expression object, 1026–1027 execCommand( ) method document object, 386–388 TextRange object, 457–460 execScript( ) method, 262 executing statements deferred, CD-28–CD-30 immediate, CD-28 user actions, CD-30 execution flow, control structures and, CD-48 expand( ) method, TextRange object, 460–461 expando property, document object, 361 expiration dates, cookies, 351–352 expressions evaluation, CD-38–CD-40 operators, CD-43 script1.htm, CD-39 variables and, CD-39 extensions Internet Explorer 5+, 75–76 Navigator 4, 69–71 external property, 237–238 extractContents( ) method, Range object, 436–437 extracting string characters, CD-92–CD-93 substrings, CD-92–CD-93 extranets, 44 F face property BASEFONT element object, 478 FONT element objects, 413 FAQs, 1466 fgColor property, document object, 344–345, 362 fields, 1181 FIELDSET element object, 545–546 File Input element object, 610–611 file names, errors, 1219 fileCreatedDate property document object, 362 Image element object, 512 fileModifiedDate property document object, 362 Image element object, 512 fileName property Error object, 1065 plugin object, 689–690 fileSize property document object, 362 Image element object, 512 FileSystemObject object, 1143 filter object, 840–851 filters functions, library building, 1152–1156 links and, 49 static, 841–842 transition filters, 843–845 validation and, 1151 filters property, 122 find( ) method, 263 findText( ) method, TextRange object, 461–462 fireEvent( ) method, 164–165 firstChild property, 123 1485 Index ✦ F firstPage( ) method, TABLE element object, 641 Flash, 6 floating-point numbers, 952–954, CD-41–CD-42 exponents, 954 focus hiding, 125 onBlur event handler, 194–195 focus( ) method, 67, 156–158 Text Input object, 578–579 FONT element object, 411–414 properties, 412–414 font properties currentStyle object, 802–804 style object, 802–804 fontSmoothingEnabled property, screen object, 703 FOR attribute, 40 for loops, CD-49, CD-50 childNodes array and, 115 length property and, 130–131 form controls, CD-76 elements, CD-11 objects, CD-77–CD-79 form data, passing to functions, CD-83–CD-85 FORM object, 528–545, CD-11, CD-75–CD-77 arrays, 536 defining, 528–529 event handlers, 544–545 methods, 542–544 properties, 537–542 form property BUTTON element object, 552 LABEL element object, 419 Text Input object, 574 <FORM> tag, CD-11, CD-12, CD-76 formatting Date object, 976–977 numbers, 953–954 strings, 929–930 form.elements[ ] property, CD-76–CD-77 forms, CD-12. See also order forms adding, CD-15–CD-16 blur( ) method and, 157–158 CGI and, 5 date entries, 983–986 date entry validation, 1158–1160 focus( ) method and, 157–158 layers and, 859–860 prevalidating, CD-85–CD-87 properties, access, CD-76 submitting, CD-85–CD-87 validation, CD-4 forms property, document object, 363–364 forward( ) method history, 335–336 window object, 256, 263 FRAME element, 224–225 FRAME element object, 299–305 properties, 300–305 syntax, 299 frame object model, 218–220 frame property, TABLE element object, 635–636 <FRAME> tag, 219–220, CD-101–CD-102 FRAMEBORDER attribute, 300 frameBorder property FRAME element object, 302 FRAMESET element object, 309 IFRAME element object, 313 frameElement property, 238 frames blank, 223–224 border color, 300 border thickness, 307 borders, 302 children, CD-99–CD-101 creating, 218 ensuring framing, 221–222 FRAME element objects and, 224–225 hierarchy, CD-100 multiple, CD-5–CD-6, CD-103–CD-105 parents, CD-99–CD-101 preventing framing, 221 referencing, 220 Continued 1486 Index ✦ F–G frames (continued) resizing, 303–304 scripting tips, CD-103 sizing, 303–304 source code, viewing, 224 spacing, 309 switching from, 222 synchronization, 223 frames property document object, 364–365 window object, 239–240 FRAMESET element object, 305–309 properties, 307–309 <FRAMESET> tag, 219–220 framesets, CD-100 loading, forcing, 221–222 parent documents, CD-100 spacing, 309 frameSpacing property FRAMESET element object, 309 IFRAME element object, 314 fromElement property, event object (IE4), 757 front end, CD-3 FrontPage, 19 fullName( ) function, CD-81 fullScreen( ) function, 66 Function object, 1093–1102 functions, creating, 1094–1095 methods, 1100–1102 nesting, 1095–1096 parameters, 1096–1097 properties, 1097–1100 function references, 155 functions, CD-36, CD-51–CD-54 calling from event handler, CD-52 constructor, Image object, CD-110–CD-111 dummy functions, 50 elements, passing to, CD-83–CD-85 filter functions, 1152–1156 form data, passing to, CD-83–CD-85 global, 1128–1136 invoking, 1102–1103, CD-29 libraries, 1107–1108 names, CD-51 overloading, 59 parameters, CD-51–52 parameters, passing, 286–287 recursion, 1107 validation, combining, 1156–1158 values, returning, 59 G generic objects event handlers, 192–216 methods, 150–191 properties, 109–150 getAdjacentText( ) method, 165–166 GetAttention( ) method, 264 getAttribute( ) method, 166–167 userProfile object, 709 getAttributeNode( ) method, 167–169 getBookmark( ) method, TextRange object, 462–463 getBoundingClientRect( ) method, 169 getClientRects( ) method, 169–170 getElementByID( ) method, document object, 388–389 getElementsByName( ) method, document object, 389 getElementsByTagName( ) method, 170–171 getExpression( ) method, 171 getIEVersion( ) function, 95 getSelection( ) method, document object, 390 getters, object property, 1118–1119 global functions, 1128–1136 global property, regular expression object, 1024 global statements, 1137–1146 global variables, 1103–1106, CD-53 example, CD-53–CD-54 host environment and, 58 go( ) method, history object, 336–337 goNext( ) function, CD-105 graphics application, 1355–1357 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), 967–969, CD-94 1487 Index ✦ H H handleEvent( ) method document object, 390 FORM element object, 542 FORM object, 542 window object, 264–265 hasChildNodes( ) method, 171–172 hash property A element object, 499 Anchor element object, 499 AREA element object, 523–524 Link element object, 499 location object, 324 head, scripts in, CD-25 HEAD element object, 474–475 headers property TD element object, 654 TH element object, 654 HEIGHT attribute, 124, CD-110 height property, 124 APPLET element object, 905 document object, 365 EMBED element object, 915 FRAME element object, 302 Image element object, 513 MARQUEE element object, 422 OBJECT element object, 911 screen object, 699–700 TABLE element object, 636 TD element object, 655–656 TH element object, 655–656 TR element object, 650–651 helpers, 6 H1 H6 element objects, 414–415 Hidden Input object, 582–583 hidden property, EMBED element object, 915 hide( ) method, 318–319 hideFocus property, 125 hiding scripts, CD-27 hierarchy containment, 73–74 frames, CD-100 objects, CD-10–CD-11 hijacking, cookies, 350 History object, CD-69 methods, 335–337 properties, 333–334 history property, 240 home( ) method, 265 host environment, 57 global scope and, 58 host property A element object, 499 Anchor element object, 499 AREA element object, 523–524 Link element object, 499 location object, 325 hostname property A element object, 499 Anchor element object, 499 AREA element object, 523–524 Link element object, 499 location object, 325 HR element object, 415–418 href property A element object, 499 Anchor element object, 499 AREA element object, 523–524 BASE element object, 476 Link element object, 481–482, 499 location object, 326–327 styleSheet object, 785 hrefLang property A element object, 500 Anchor element object, 500 Link element object, 482, 500 hspace property APPLET element object, 905–906 IFRAME element object, 314 Image element object, 513 MARQUEE element object, 422 OBJECT element object, 911–912 HTAs (HTML applications), 76 htc extension, 76 HTML applications, 76 HTML collections, 176 HTML element object, 473–474 1488 Index ✦ H–I HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), 4–5 debugging tags, 1226–1227 delimiter characters in tags, 4 documents, called by applets, 1196–1197 editable content, 118 element objects, 71–73 forms and, 1313–1319 loading to layers, 889–890 tags, 4–5 htmlFor property LABEL element object, 419, 548 SCRIPT element object, 488–489 htmlText property, TextRange object, 453–454 hybrid tables (dynamic/static), 1293 HyperCard, 7 I ID attribute, 125, CD-15 signing scripts, 1249–1250 id property, 125 styleSheet object, 785 identifiers (objects), CD-15 id property, 125 ids property, document object, 366 IE/Windows objects, plug-in detection, 695–698 if constructions, CD-48–CD-49 if else constructions, CD-49 IFRAME element object, 310–316 properties, 311–316 ignoreCase property, regular expression object, 1024 Image element object, 505–520 event handlers, 519–520 properties, 509–519 Image Input object, 565–567 properties, 566–567 Image object, 69, CD-109–CD-115 constructor function, CD-110–CD-112 property values, 124 image rollovers, CD-112–CD-115 image swapping, 51–52 imageOff( ) function, CD-113 imageOn( ) function, CD-113 images basic object model and, 69 interchangeable, CD-110 precaching, CD-110–CD-112 src property, CD-110 images property, document object, 366–367 <IMG> tag, CD-109 immediate scripting, dynamic tables and, 1286 immediate statements, CD-28 implementation property, document object, 367–368 importing style sheets, 779–780 imports property, styleSheet object, 785–786 indexes, CD-55 branching pages, 47–49 inheritance containment comparison, 222–223 hierarchy, 65 prototype-based, 59 prototypes, 1121–1123 initial expression, loops, CD-50 initializing arrays, 988 variables, CD-37 inline branching, browser compatibility, 1262–1263 inline display properties, styles, 812–821 innerHeight property, 240–241 innerHTML property, 72, 126–127 innerText property, 72, 126–127 innerWidth property, 240–241 input, text input elements, CD-12–CD-13, CD-16 Input object, this keyword and, CD-84 input property, RegExp object, 1028–1029 inRange( ) method, TextRange object, 463 insertAdjacentElement( ) method, 123, 172–173 insertAdjacentHTML( ) method, 173–175 1489 Index ✦ I–K insertAdjacentText( ) method, 173–175 insertBefore( ) method, 86, 175 insertCell( ) method, TR element property, 651–652 insertData( ) method Text object, 447–448 TextNode object, 447–448 insertNode( ) method, Range object, 437 insertRow( ) method TABLE element object, 640–641 tables, 621–625 insertRule( ) method, styleSheet object, 792 installation, plug-ins, 694–695 integer numbers, 952–954 hexadecimal, 954–955 octal, 954–955 integers, CD-41 intelligent updated flags application, 1365–1373 interactive data, CD-5 interactivity, CD-2 interCap format, naming, CD-38 functions, CD-51 international characters, signed scripts, 1258 Internet Explorer event bubbling, 74–75 event object, 745–762 event object references, 732 extensions, 71–76 HTML element features in common, 72 JavaScript versions, 37–38 objects, 1140 open( ) method, 274 printing, 276 selection object, 442 sticky cursor, 381 syntax, NN6 and, 99–102 versions, 55 invoking functions, 1102–1103, CD-29 invoking methods, CD-19 isChar property, event object (NN6+), 771 isContentEditable property, 127 isDisabled property, 127–128 isEmpty( ) function, 1152–1153 isEqual( ) method, TextRange object, 463–464 isFinite( ) function, 1132 ISINDEX element object, 478–479 isInteger( ) function, 1154 isMap property, Image element object, 514 isMultiLine property, 128 isNaN( ) function, 1132–1133 isNumber( ) function, 1155 isOpen property, 318 isPosInteger( ) function, 1153–1154 isTextEdit property, 128–129 isValidFragment( ) method, Range object, 437–438 item( ) method, 111, 175–176 SELECT input object, 606 J Java applets, 7 JavaScript, 7–10 enabling, 44–46 JScript comparison, 40 reasons to use, 9–10 VBScript comparison, 40 versions, 37–38 when to use, CD-7–CD-8 joining strings, CD-90–CD-91 js files, 42–43 JScript, 9, 14–15, CD-35 JavaScript comparison, 40 JSObject class, 1191–1193 jukebox example, 1206–1209 K key codes/character codes comparison, 208 keyboard accessKey property, 109–110 event tasks, 208–210 keyCode property, event object IE4, 757–758 NN6+, 767–768 keywords, reserved, 1447, CD-37 . object, 745–762 event object references, 732 extensions, 71–76 HTML element features in common, 72 JavaScript versions, 37–38 objects, 1140 open( ) method, 274 printing, 276 selection object, 442 sticky. method, Range object, 437–438 item( ) method, 111, 175–176 SELECT input object, 606 J Java applets, 7 JavaScript, 7–10 enabling, 44–46 JScript comparison, 40 reasons to use, 9–10 VBScript comparison,. 37–38 when to use, CD-7–CD-8 joining strings, CD-90–CD-91 js files, 42–43 JScript, 9, 14–15, CD-35 JavaScript comparison, 40 JSObject class, 1191–1193 jukebox example, 1206–1209 K key codes/character