ptg 346 Chapter 20 TRANSFORMING TYPE ➤ When applied to paragraph or point type, the trans- form commands, such as Free Transform, affect both the bounding box and the characters within it (see pages 312–313). ➤ You can move, scale, rotate, and skew both editable and rasterized type, plus you can apply a distortion or perspective transformation to rasterized type. ➤ If you want to transform individual characters, create them on separate layers. B When we made the bounding box wider, the type reowed into the new shape. Transforming the bounding box for paragraph type By changing the shape of the bounding box that surrounds paragraph type, you can change the line lengths of the type without distorting the characters. Enlarging the bounding box is a necessity when you want to reveal overow type (when a bounding box contains overow type, a plus sign displays in the handle in the lower right corner). You will nd less of a need to rotate type, but instructions for doing so are also included. To transform paragraph type via its bounding box: 1. On the Layers panel, double-click the T icon for a paragraph type layer, then click anywhere in the text. A dashed bounding box surrounds the type. 2. Do one of the following: To reflow the type by reshaping the bounding box, position the cursor over a control handle, then drag. A To preserve the proportions of the bounding box while scaling it, start drag- ging a corner handle, then hold down Shift and continue to drag. e type will reow into the new shape. B To rotate the box, position the pointer just out- side one of the corners (it will become a curved, double-arrow pointer), then drag in a circular direction. 3. To accept the transformation, press Enter on the keypad or click the Commit button on the Options bar. (To cancel it, press Esc or click the Cancel button on the Options bar.) ➤ To align or distribute multiple type layers, follow the instructions on page 247. ➤ To access the Move tool temporarily when you’re working with type (perhaps to move the type), hold down Ctrl/Cmd instead of using the letter shortcut (V). If you do press “V,” make sure your type cursor isn’t inserted in type, or you will unintentionally either replace selected type with that letter or insert it into your text. A Drag a control handle to transform the bounding box. ptg Type 347 Using the Warp Text command e Warp Text dialog transforms the type bound- ing box, and the characters within it are warped accordingly. e command oers many customiz- able style choices, such as arc, arch, shell, wave, and sh. Best of all, warped type remains fully editable. To warp editable type: 1. Do either of the following: On the Layers panel, double-click a T icon, then click the Warp Text button on the Options bar. Right-click an editable type layer name and choose Warp Text. 2. e Warp Text dialog opens. A Move it aside if it’s in the way. 3. From the Style menu, choose a preset style. 4. Click Horizontal or Vertical as the overall orientation for the distortion. 5. Optional: Move the Bend, Horizontal Distortion, or Vertical Distortion sliders. 6. Click OK. B–E A Warp Text icon appears in the layer thumbnail. Note: Characters that are added to warped type adopt the same warp characteristics. ➤ To reopen the Warp Text dialog at any time, repeat step 1 on this page. For example, you could choose a dierent style or adjust the slid- ers (or to undo the warp, choose Style: None). ➤ Once you move the sliders in the Warp Text dialog, those settings are applied to all the other Styles in the dialog. To restore the default settings to all the sliders, choose a Style of None. ➤ To warp type using manual controls, see page 316. A  e W a r p T e x t d i a l o g o  e r s m a n y S t y l e p r e s e t s , a s w e l l as three sliders that enable you to customize the eect. D Style: Flag (layer eects are also applied) E Style: Rise C Style: Arc (layer eects are also applied) B Styles: Shell Lower for “Greg’s,” Bulge for “Boat Yard” ptg 348 Chapter 20 D In this image, a type selection that we converted to a layer mask is masking a group of image layers. We also applied a gradient to the mask on each image layer to hide part of the imagery (see also pages 244–245). A In this image, the type is the base layer in a clipping mask. B  i s i m a g e w a s c r e a t e d t h e s a m e w a y a s t h e o n e a b o v e , except here we also rasterized the type layer (which is the clipping mask), then softened the edges via the Gaussian Blur lter to make it look more “snowy.” Rasterizing type To edit type by applying a lter or the Transform > Distort or Perspective command, or to draw strokes on it with a tool such as the Brush, you have to convert it to pixels rst via the Rasterize Type com- mand. Unfortunately, you can’t change the typo- graphic attributes of rasterized type. To rasterize type into pixels: 1. Optional: To preserve the editable type layer, duplicate it (Ctrl-J/Cmd-J), then hide it. Keep the duplicate layer selected. 2. Right-click an editable type layer name and choose Rasterize Type. e layer thumbnail now has a checkerboard pattern, which represents areas of transparency. 3. Be creative! Filling type with imagery To spark your imagination, these are some of the ways you can make editable type look as if it’s lled with imagery (and good news: you don’t need to rasterize the type layer rst): ➤ Use an editable type layer as the base layer in a clipping mask to clip the image layers above it. A–B You can edit the image layers (e.g., apply lters or brush strokes to them) or reposition them without disturbing the type. To learn more about clipping masks, see page 306. ➤ Apply the Pattern Overlay eect to an editable type layer (see pages 363–364). While the Layer Style dialog is open, you can scale the pattern by using the Scale slider or move the pattern within the type by dragging in the document. To create a custom pattern, with the Rectangular Marquee tool, select all or part of an image to use as a pat- tern tile, choose Edit > Dene Pattern, then click OK. Choose your new pattern from the Pattern Preset picker in the Pattern Overlay panel of the Layer Style dialog. C ➤ Use a type selection in a layer mask (follow the instructions on the next page). D For an extra bit of fun, try warping some type, then use the resulting shapes as a layer mask. C We applied the Pattern Overlay layer eect to the type layer using a custom pattern that we made from an image (we also applied the Drop Shadow, Inner Shadow, Outer Glow, and Emboss eects). ptg Type 349 C To reveal layer imagery within the selection, click the Add Layer Mask button (it’s a “ski mask,” ha-ha). D To create a solid backdrop for the type shapes, we added a layer below the image layer, which we lled with white. A Ctrl-click/Cmd-click a type layer thumbnail to create a selection from type. B Hide the type layer — but don’t deselect! E  i s i s t h e L a y e r s p a n e l f o r t h e  n a l image, which is shown in Figure D . To use type shapes as a layer mask: 1. Create an editable type layer. 2. Ctrl-click/Cmd-click the type layer thumb- nail to load the type shapes as a selection. A 3. Hide the type layer by clicking its visibility icon. B e selection marquee will remain visible. Don’t deselect it. 4. Click the image layer to which you want to add a mask. 5. On the Layers panel, do either of the following: To reveal layer pixels within the selection area, click the Add Layer Mask button. C–E To hide layer pixels within the selection area, Alt- click/Option-click the Add Layer Mask button. e type shapes are now represented by white or black areas in the layer mask thumbnail. ➤ To reposition the layer mask, unlink it from the layer by clicking the link icon (the icon disappears), click the layer mask thumbnail, then with the Move tool, drag in the document. Or to move the layer imagery within the mask, click the layer mask thumbnail, then drag. When you’re done, click to restore the link. ➤ You can also add a layer mask by clicking the Add Pixel Mask button on the Masks panel. To toggle the function of the mask between hiding and revealing pixels, click Invert on the panel. ptg 350 Chapter 20 Making type fade To make it seem as though type is fading into thin air, apply a gradient to a layer mask. To make type fade: 1. Click an editable or rasterized type layer (for this exercise, make the type relatively large). 2. On the Masks panel, click the Add Pixel Mask button. A layer mask thumbnail appears on the type layer. 3. Choose the Gradient tool (G or Shift-G). 4. On the Options bar: Click the Gradient picker arrowhead, then click the “Black, White” preset in the picker (it’s the third swatch in the default gradient library). Click the Linear gradient button. Choose Mode: Normal and 100% Opacity. 5. Make sure the layer mask thumbnail is still selected, then in the document, Shift-drag ver- tically or horizontally from the middle of the type to one of its edges (we dragged from the middle to the left). e type layer mask will ll with a white-to-black gradient A and the type will be hidden where black is present in the layer mask. B 6. On the Masks panel, lower the Density value to reveal more of the type and soften the transition between the visible and hidden areas. C–D ➤ To modify the type or the layer, click the type layer thumbnail; to modify the layer mask, click the layer mask thumbnail; or to toggle the two thumbnails, click the layer, then click the Select Pixel Mask button on the Masks panel on or o. To learn more about layer masks, see pages 168–173. A We clicked the layer mask thumbnail, then dragged with the Gradient tool in the image from the middle of the type to the left edge of the layer. C To fade the type more gradually, we lowered the Density of the layer mask to 89%. B  e t y p e i s n o w f a d i n g , b u t a b i t t o o a b r u p t l y . D In the nal image, the type fades gradually. DON’T FORGET ABOUT LAYER EFFECTS! Layer effects can be applied to both editable and rasterized type layers. To open the Layer Style dialog, double-click next to a layer name. Browse through the next chapter and you’ll see many examples of effects that we’ve applied to type. . masking a group of image layers. We also applied a gradient to the mask on each image layer to hide part of the imagery (see also pages 244–245). A In this image, the type is the base layer in a. in the document. To create a custom pattern, with the Rectangular Marquee tool, select all or part of an image to use as a pat- tern tile, choose Edit > Dene Pattern, then click OK. Choose