A: Have you ever thought about (sray) home and (relax) 12 ? 13 B: That's not a vacation to me. If I stay home during my vacation, I always end up doing all the chores around the house that I've put off (do) for the past 14 year. When I go on a holiday, I like (visit) new places and (do) 15 new things. I enjoy (see) parts of the 16 17 world I've never seen before. A: What place would you like (visit) the most? 18 B: I'd love (go) (camp) in New Zealand. My 19 20 wife loves (camp) in new places too, but I'm afraid she might 21 refuse (go) to New Zealand. She doesn't like long plane flights. 22 A: Why don't you just pick a spot on a map? Then call and make a hotel reservation. B: Neither of us can stand (spend) two whole weeks at a 23 luxury hotel. I don't mean (say) anything bad about big hotels, 24 but both of us seem (like) more adventurous vacations. 25 A: Well, keep (think) about it. I'm sure you'll figure out a 26 really great place for your vacation. B: We'll have to stop (think) about it sometime soon and 27 make a decision. A: I can't wait find) out where you decide (go) 28 29 I'll expect (hear) from you when you make a decision. Don't 30 forget (call) me. 31 B: Hmmm. Maybe we should go (ski) in Switzerland. Or perhaps 32 we could go (waterski) on the Nile. Then there's the 33 possibility of going (hike) in the Andes. Of course, we'd 34 probably enjoy (swim) off the Great Barrier Reef of 35 380 CHAPTER 13 Australia. And we shouldn't postpone (explore) the 36 Brazilian rainforest much longer. Someday I'd really like (climb) 37 to the top of an active volcano and (look) inside the crater. Or 38 maybe we could . . . . 1 13-5 PREPOSITION + GERUND m (a) Kate insisted on coming with us. @) We're excited about going to Tahiti. (c) I apologizedfor being late. A pre on is followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. In (a). L LLS preposition (on) is followed by a gerund (cornink). COMMON ULPReSSIONS WITH PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS be afiaid of (doing something) fo@e (someone) /or plan on apologize for be good at be responsiblefor believe in insist on stop (someone) from dream about be interested in thank (someone) for be excited about look forward to be tired of feel like be nerwus about worry aboutlbe worried about EXERCISE 13. Preposition + gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2) Directions: Complete the sentences with a preposition and the given words. 1. I'm looking forward + go to the zoo -t I'm looking forward to going to the zoo. 2. Thank you + open the door 3. I'm worried + be late for the concert 4. Are you interested + go to the museum with us 5. I apologized + be late 6. Are you afraid + fly in small planes 7. Are you nervous + take your driver's test Gerunds and InflniWves 381 8. We're excited + go to a soccer game 9. Jack insisted + pay the restaurant bill 10. Annie dreams + be a horse trainer someday 1 1. I don't feel + eat right now 12. Please forgive me + not call you sooner 13. I'm tired + live with five roommates 14. I believe + be honest at all times 15. Let's plan + meet at the restaurant at six 16. Who's responsible + clean the classroom 17. The police stopped us + enter the building 18. Jake's not very good + cut his own hair EXERCISE 14. Preposition + gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2) Direchns: Work in pairs. Speaker A. Complete the sentence with a preposition and "doing something." Speaker B: Ask a question about A's statement. Begin with "What . . ." and end with "doing." Speaker A: Answer the question in a complete sentence using your own words. Example: I'm looking forward . . . . SPEAKER A: I'm looking forward to doing something. SPEAKER B: What are you looking forward to doing? . . .,?? SPEAKERA: I'm looking forward to going to a movie tonight. ." Switch roles. 1. I'm interested . . . . 6. I'm nervous . . . . 2. I'm worried . . . . 7. I'm excited . . . . 3. 1 thanked my friend . . . . 8. I feel . . . . 4. I apologized . . . . 9. I'm planning . . . . 5. I'm afraid . . . . 10. I'm tired . . . . EXERCISE 15. Preposition + gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2) Directions: Using the verbs in parentheses, complete the sentences with prepositions and gerunds. 1. I believe i* (t&) tehs the truth no matter what. 2. I wish the weather would get better. I'm tired & (be) be~w inside all the time. 3. I don't go swimming because I'm a•’raid (drown) 4. Greg is nervous (meet) his girlfriend's parents for the first time. 382 CHAPTER 13 I don't know how to thank you F~P) me. Are you interested (go) to a bullfight? I just can't get excited (visit) Disneyland for the third time in two years. Why do you constantly worry (Please) your a . ",;, < parents? ,. , . : ,. ,: ., Every summer, I look forward (take) a vacation with my family. Do you feel (w me why you're so sad? I apologize (lie) , but I was trying to protect you from the truth. Sometimes the truth hurts. Why do you always insist (WY) for everything when we go out for dinner? v g.;i' I want you to how that I'm sorry. I don't know if you cn* ever forgive me i:~! .+. : ., (cause) you so much trouble. 1 L*.' ;,-s: I'm not very good (remember) na mes., . ,;I .: I'm not happy in my work. I often dream (wit) my job. How do you stop someone (do) something you :,. 4 . . I know is wrong? I.,.s,: ,, , . ', . . ,# I'm too tired to cook, but I hadn't planned (eat) out tonight. , , . ,? , . ;,t'.,,> Who's responsible (spin) these coffee beans all over the floor? 19. Anna made a lot of big mistakes at work. That's why she was afraid (lose)* her job. . ., ., ., . . . . LL- 0 , . . h,,,. ,> ,<. ,, , . . . . . 1.1 1. ,:\ :"li* ' I Wote that lo- is spelled with one "0." The word lam, with rwc "o"s, is an adjective meaning ''not tight." (B.g., MY shirr L big and loole.) Pmnvnfistion difference: lorc = iluwd; loore = iluwsl. Gerunds and lnflnltlves 383 17 EXERCISE 16. Preposition + gerund. (Chart 13-5 and Appendix 2) Directions: Make up a quiz. Use the given word or phrase + ONE of the suggested verbs in parentheses. Hand your quiz to a classmate to complete. When she finishes it, correct the answers. Example: apologize to ( . . . ) + (interrupt, be, call) Quiz item: yo& shodd apologize to Tarik - fihterrkpt) hiw. OR I apologized to wy &ehd - (be) late. OR Rosa apologized to we - [call) a-Fter wid~ight. 1. thank + (open I help I invite) 2. feel + (go I have I take) 3. worry + (lose 1 not have 1 be) 4. insist + (answer I drive I fly) 5. believe + (help I tell 1 trust) 6. be nervous + (speak I go I get) 7. look forward + (do I stop I skydive) 8. apologize to ( . . . ) + (sell I give I leave) 9. forgive ( . . . ) + (lie I take I quit) 10. be excited + (go 1 hear I move) 13-6 USING BYAND WITHTO EXPRESS HOW SOMETHING I ISDONE (a) Pat turned off the tape recorder by pushing By + a gerund is used to express how something is the stop button. done. @) Mary goes to work by bus. By or with followed by a noun is also used to express Id Andrea stirred her coffee with a sooon. how something is done. BY IS USED FOR MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION AND COhlMUMCATION by (air)plane* by suhy" by mail by air by boar by taxi by (te1e)phone by land by& by wain by fax by sea by car by fwr (OR on foot) by e-mail OTHERS by chance bv choice by misrake bv hand*** by check but in cash) bv credit card -* ~- WITH IS USED FOR INSTRUMENTS OR PARTS OF THE BODY I cut down the tree wirh an ax (by using an ax). I swept the floor with a bmom. She pointed to a spot on the map with herjinger. 'airplane = American English; aenpl~m = British English. **by wbcq = American English; by undegmund, by rube = Bridsh English. "*The expression by hand is usually used to mean rhat something was made by a person, not hy a machine: Thu rug uKlr made by hand. (A person, not a machine, made this rug.) COMPARE: I WUChPd his sh0UldBt. w'th tW hd. 384 CHAPTER 13 EXERCISE 17. BY + a gerund. (Chart 13-6) Diremom: Complete the following by using by + a gerund. Use the words in the list or your own words. eat smile wag wave drink SW wash Jwrite mess take watch 1. Students practice written English bv wiifiw compositions. 2. We clean our clothes them in soap and water. 4 3. Khalid improved his English a lot of TV. 4. We show other people we are happy 5. We satisfy our hunger something. 6. We quench our thirst something. 7. I figured out what "quench" means 8. Alex caught my attention his arms in the air. 9. My dog shows me she is happy her tail. 10. Carmen recovered from her cold in bed and care of herself. Complete the following with your own words. Use by and gerunds. 11. You can destroy bacteria in meat it. 12. You can cook an egg it, it, or it. 13. We can improve our English 14. Each of us, in our own small way, can help conserve the world's natural resources 15. You can favorably impress a job interviewer 16. People can improve their health 17. Parents can help their young children learn to read 18. We can make the world a better place for future generations Gerunds and lnflnltlves 385 0 EXERCISE 18. Using WITH. (Chart 13-6) Directions: Complete the sentences using with and appropriate words from the list. Ja broom a pair of scissors a spoon a hammer a saw a thermometer a needle and thread a shwel 1. I swept the floor wkth a bv00~ 2. I sewed a button on my shirt 3. 1 cut the wood 4. I took my temperature 5. I stirred my coffee 6. I dug a hole in the ground 7. I nailed two pieces of wood together 8. I cut the paper EXERCISE 19. Using BY or WITH. (Chart 13-6) Directions: Complete the sentences with by or with. 1. I opened the door wtth a key. 2. 1 went to Cherryville by bus. 3. I dried the dishes a dishtowel. 4. I went from Portland to San Francisco train. 5. Ted drew a straight line a ruler. 6. Is there any way you could touch the ceiling your foot? 7. Some advertisers try to reach target audiences mail. 8. Rebecca tightened the screw in the corner of her eyeglasses her fingernail. 9. I called Bill "Paul" mistake. 10. The fastest way to send a copy of a piece of paper halfway around the world is fax. 11. The chef sliced the partially frozen meat into thin strips a razor-sharp knife. 12. Some people pay their bills computer. 13. Sally protected her eyes from the sun her hand. 14. My grandmother makes tablecloths hand. 386 CHAPTER 13 . Nile. Then there's the 33 possibility of going (hike) in the Andes. Of course, we'd 34 probably enjoy (swim) off the Great Barrier Reef of 35 380 CHAPTER 13 Australia. And. herjinger. 'airplane = American English; aenpl~m = British English. **by wbcq = American English; by undegmund, by rube = Bridsh English. "*The expression by hand. house that I've put off (do) for the past 14 year. When I go on a holiday, I like (visit) new places and (do) 15 new things. I enjoy (see) parts of the 16 17 world I've