ECONOMICEFFECTS OFBIOFUELPRODUCTION  EditedbyMarcoAurélio dosSantosBernardes              Economic Effects of Biofuel Production Edited by Marco Aurélio dos Santos Bernardes Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Petra Zobic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright Milosz Aniol, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published July, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Economic Effects of Biofuel Production, Edited by Marco Aurélio dos Santos Bernardes p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-178-7 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com   Contents  Preface IX Part 1 Crop Insurance 1 Chapter 1 Implications for the Feed Industry 3 Paul A. Iji and Mohammad Reza Barekatain Chapter 2 The Future Crops for Biofuels 25 Chunlin Liu and Chuanxin Sun Chapter 3 A Comparison Between Raw Material and Technologies for a Sustainable Biodiesel Production Industry 39 Jorge Mario Marchetti Chapter 4 How to Balance Biofuel and Food Production for Optimal Global Health and Nutrition - The Food Crop-Feed Crop-Fuel Crop Trilemma 57 Leif Hambræus Part 2 Agricultural Policy 79 Chapter 5 The Post 2008 Food Before Fuel Crisis: Theory, Literature, and Policies 81 Cheng Qiu, Gregory Colson and Michael Wetzstein Chapter 6 Can Biofuels be an Engine for Growth in Small Developing Economies – The Case of Paraguay 105 Anil Hira and Plinio Torres Garcete Chapter 7 Biofuels and World Agricultural Markets: Outlook for 2020 and 2050 129 Guyomard Hervé, Forslund Agneta and Dronne Yves Chapter 8 The Potential for Production of Biomass for Biofuel by the Cultivation of Hybrid Poplar and Hybrid Aspen in the South of Sweden 163 Lars Christersson VI Contents Chapter 9 Theoretical and Practical Evaluation of Jatropha as Energy Source Biofuel in Tanzania 181 Stelyus L. Mkoma and Faith P. Mabiki Chapter 10 The Macro-Environment for Liquid Biofuels in the Brazilian Science, Mass Media and Public Policies 201 Edson Talamini and Homero Dewes Chapter 11 Sweet Sorghum as a Bioenergy Crop for the US Great Plains 225 Charles S. Wortmann and Teshome Regassa Chapter 12 Does Money Grow on Trees? People's Willingness to Pay for Cellulosic Wood Ethanol 241 Katherine Farrow, Mario Teisl, Caroline Noblet, Shannon McCoy and Jonathan Rubin Part 3 Biofuel Technical Analysis 257 Chapter 13 Biodiesel from Non Edible Oil Seeds: a Renewable Source of Bioenergy 259 Mushtaq Ahmad, Mir Ajab Khan, Muhammad Zafar and Shazia Sultana Chapter 14 The Development of the Multi - Fuel Burner 281 Anna Maiorova, Aleksandr Sviridenkov, Valentin Tretyakov, Aleksandr Vasil'ev and Victor Yagodkin Chapter 15 Acetals as Possible Diesel Additives 299 Ion Agirre, Victoria Laura Barrio, María Belén Güemez, José Francisco Cambra and Pedro Luis Arias Chapter 16 Feedstocks for Second-Generation Biodiesel: Microalgae’s Biology and Oil Composition 317 Patricia I. Leonardi, Cecilia A. Popovich and M. Cecilia Damiani Chapter 17 Biodiesel Features in the Railway Transport 347 Gediminas Vaiciunas and Leonas Povilas Lingaitis Chapter 18 Understanding the Developing Cellulosic Biofuels Industry through Dynamic Modeling 373 Emily Newes, Daniel Inman and Brian Bush Chapter 19 Distributed, Integrated Production of Second and Third Generation Biofuels 405 William Gibbons and Stephen Hughes Chapter 20 Limitations and Challenges for Wheat-Based Bioethanol Production 429 Jessica Saunders, Marta Izydorczyk and David B. Levin    Preface  Over the past 20 years, there has been a substantial increase in research and development in the area of biofuels. Many researchers around the world have dealt with environmental, economic, policy and technical aspects relating to these studies. Inaway, thisbook aspiresto beacomprehensivesummary ofcurrent biofuelissu es andtherebycontributetotheunderstandingofthisimportanttopic.Chaptersinclude digests on the development efforts on biofuels, their implications for the food industry, current and future biofuel crops, the successful Brazilian ethanol program, insights of the first, second, third and fourth biofuel generations, advanced biofuel productiontechniques,relatedwastetreatm ent,emissionsandenvironmentalimpacts, waterconsumption,producedallergensandtoxins. Relatingtheoreticalandexperimentalanalyseswithmanyimportantappliedpurposes of current relevance will make this book extremely useful for researchers, scientists, engineers and graduate students, who can make use of the experimental and theoretical investigations, assessment and enhancement techniques de scribed in this multidisciplinary field. Additionally, the biofuel policy discussion is expected to be continuing in theforeseeable future and reading of thebiofuel features dealt  with in this book is recommended for anyone interested in understanding this diverse and developingtheme.  Dr.‐Ing.MarcoAuréliodosSan tosBernardes ResearcherEnergy&EnvironmentandLCA CRPHenriTudor,CRTE Luxembourg 