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TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DIVISION OF ELECTRONICS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Microcontrollers Laboratory Manual

Edited by Division of Electronics-Telecommunication (Internal only)

2

Unit 1 – Get familiar with the Proteus software

UNIT OBJECTIVE

 Students know how to use Proteus software to draw circuit

 To use to simulate the circuit, microcontroller circuits as PIC16F877A

The circuit diagram.

3) The steps for creating simulation circuit run in Protues

Step 1: Get in Protues components

Method 1: Press the P button on the keyboard Method 2: Press icon P on interface

Terminals (Contains resources and Gnd)

4

The interface appears as follows when we choose:

Step 2: Get the parts and arranged in principle diagram:

Name of device

Name of components

Step 3: Connect wires

Step 4: For running the application circuit.

Exercise 1: Insert the following circuit in Protues

To run the applicative circuit

6

Exercise 2: Change the variable resistor R3, use the oscilloscopes to measure waves (Get in the

instrumentation see the previous section)

Exercise 3: Draw microcontroller circuit as follows, Programming for leds Light up

RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 16RC2/CCP1 17RC3/SCK/SCL 18

RD0/PSP0 19RD1/PSP1 20RB7/PGD 40RB6/PGC 39RB5 38RB4 37RB3/PGM 36RB2 35RB1 34RB0/INT 33

RD7/PSP7 30RD6/PSP6 29RD5/PSP5 28RD4/PSP4 27RD3/PSP3 22RD2/PSP2 21RC7/RX/DT 26RC6/TX/CK 25RC5/SDO 24RC4/SDI/SDA 23RA3/AN3/VREF+

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI 15MCLR/Vpp/THV

// code for above circuit #include<16f877.h>

#fuses HS,NOWDT,PUT,NOPROTECT

#use delay (clock=4000000) // defind crystal = 4MHz int i=0;

void main() {

set_tris_c(0); while(1) {

for(i=0;i < 8; i++) {

switch (chon) {

case 0: output_c(0); break;

case 1: output_c(0b00000001); break; case 2: output_c(0b00000011); break; case 3: output_c(0b00000111); break; case 4: output_c(0b00001111); break; case 5: output_c(0b00011111); break; case 6: output_c(0b00111111); break; case 7: output_c(0b01111111); break; case 8: output_c(0b11111111); break; default: break;

}

delay_ms(300); }

} }

8

Exercise 4: Draw the microcontroller circuit, Programming for leds Light as follows: D1D2D3D4D5D6D7=10101010 0101010110101010…

#include <16F877A.h> #device *=16 ADC=10 #use delay(clock=20000000)

#FUSES NOWDT, HS, NOPUT, NOPROTECT, NODEBUG, NOBROWNOUT, NOLVP, NOCPD, NOWRT

/* Define of PIN of IC74HC595 */ #define SHCP_PIN PIN_C0 #define DS_PIN PIN_C1 #define STCP_PIN PIN_C2 void IC_74hc595(int data) {

int i;

output_low(SHCP_PIN); for(i=0;i<=7;i++)

{

if((data & 0x80)==0) output_low(DS_PIN); else

output_high(DS_PIN); data=data<<1;

output_high(SHCP_PIN); output_low(SHCP_PIN); }

}

void IC_74HC595_Output() {

output_low(STCP_PIN); delay_us(5);

output_high(STCP_PIN); output_low(STCP_PIN); }

void main(void) {

while(1) {

IC_74hc595(0xAA); IC_74HC595_Output(); delay_ms(500);

IC_74hc595(0x55); IC_74HC595_Output(); delay_ms(500);

} }

10

Unit 2 – interface with 7-segment LED

UNIT OBJECTIVE

Students know how to:

 Create a project in Proteus

 Students know how to use Proteus software to draw circuit  To use to simulate IN/OUT on microcontroller as PIC6F877A  Implement circuit on experimental kit

1) Related Knowledge

The control registers entry port

- Each port has three registers control main activities:

- The bit in the TRIS register: set foot respectively input (logic 1) or output (logic 0) - The bit in the PORT registers: Read vacuum level from the corresponding logic - The bit in the register LAT: write logic levels corresponding to the foot

2) Practice

Exercise 1: LED display is connected as follows, program to display the numbers from 00 to 99:

// Program for display from 00 to 99 #include<16f877.h>

#fuses HS,NOWDT,NOPROTECT

#use delay(clock=4000000) // define crystal = 4MHz

Const char MA7D[10]={0x40,0x79,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x78,0x00,0x10}; void main()

{

int chuc,dv,i,z; set_tris_d(0x00); set_tris_b(0x00); while(true) {

for (i=0; i< 100; i++) {

Chuc=i/10; dv=i%10; z=MA7D[chuc]; Output_b(z); z=MA7D[dv]; Output_d(z); Delay_ms(300); }

} }

Exercise 2: The students Students connect the circuit as shown below, writing program number

65535

12 #include <7_seg.h>

#define Data PIN_B0 //dinh nghia chan du lieu cho 595 #define sh PIN_B1 //dinh nghia chan SH cho 595 #define st PIN_B2 //dinh nghia chan ST cho 595

//ma led 7 doan co dau cham nam o tren

unsigned char ma[10]={0x81,0xed,0xc2,0xc8,0xac,0x98,0x90,0xcd,0x80,0x88}; //ma led 7 doan co dau cham nam o duoi

unsigned char ma1[10]={0x18,0x7b,0x2c,0x29,0x4b,0x89,0x88,0x3b,0x08,0x09}; //mang chua cac so can hien thi len led 7 doan

unsigned char so[6]={0,1,2,3,4,5};

unsigned char sec, min1, hr,luu;

int1 en; //bien giup cho hieu ung chop tat dau :

//chuong trinh tach lay so de hien thi void Transform_Number(int16 value) {

so[1]=value/10000; //so hang van so[2]=(value-so[1]*10000)/1000;//so ngan so[3]=(value-so[1]*10000-so[2]*1000)/100;

so[4]=(value-so[1]*10000-so[2]*1000-so[3]*100)/10; so[5]=value%10;

}

//chuong trinh dich du lieu ra 595 void send_595(unsigned char da) {

signed char i; for(i=7;i>=0;i ) {

output_bit(Data,(da>>i)&0x01); output_bit(sh,0);

output_bit(sh,1); }

send_595(~(1<<(i+1)));

temp=((i%2)==0)? ma[so[i]]:ma1[so[i]]; //chon ma led 7 doan thich hop if(((i==1)||(i==3))&&(en==1)) temp&=0xf7; //hien dau cham ngan cach if(((i==2)||(i==4))&&(en==1)) temp&=0x7f; //hien dau cham ngan cach send_595(temp);

output_bit(st,0); output_bit(st,1); delay_ms(1);

send_595(0xff); send_595(0xff); output_bit(st,0); output_bit(st,1); delay_us(100); }

}

void main() {

signed char i;

// TODO: USER CODE!! set_tris_b(0x00);

while(true) {

Transform_Number(65535); //lam dau : chop tat

if(luu!=sec)en=~en; luu=sec;

// -

for(i=0;i<10;i++)display(); }

14

Unit 3 – Interface with matrix led

UNIT OBJECTIVE

Students know how to:

 Create a project in Proteus and experimental kit  Write CCS program

 Translation and load program into the PIC microcontroller  Run and debug programs

Exercise 1: Students draw the circuit as shown below, write the program run string "MATRIX

8x16"

#include <16f877a.h>

#fuses NOLVP,NOWDT,PUT,HS #use delay(clock=20000000) #BIT PORTCbits_RC0 = 0X07.0 #BIT PORTCbits_RC1 = 0X07.1 #BIT PORTCbits_RC3 = 0X07.3 const unsigned char font[] = {

127, 127, 14, 28, 14, 127, 127, 0, //'M' 124, 126, 19, 19, 126, 124, 0, 0, //'A' 3, 65, 127, 127, 65, 3, 0, 0, //'T' 65, 127, 127, 9, 25, 127, 102, 0, //'R' 0, 65, 127, 127, 65, 0, 0, 0, //'I'

67, 103, 60, 24, 60, 103, 67, 0, //'X' 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //' ' 54, 127, 73, 73, 127, 54, 0, 0, //'8' 68, 108, 56, 16, 56, 108, 68, 0, //'x' 64, 66, 127, 127, 64, 64, 0, 0, //'1' 60, 126, 75, 73, 121, 48, 0, 0, //'6' 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //' ' 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //' ' };

void main() {

unsigned rol, delay, col; SET_TRIS_B(0x00); SET_TRIS_C(0x00); OUTPUT_B(0x00); OUTPUT_C(0x00); while(1)

{

for(rol=0;rol<112;rol++)

{ //font 13 x 8[8x8 matrix] = 112 for(delay=0;delay<20;delay++) {

PORTCbits_RC0 = 1; PORTCbits_RC0 = 0; PORTCbits_RC1 = 1; PORTCbits_RC3 = 1; PORTCbits_RC3 = 0;

for(col=0;col<16;col++) // 16 hang va cot {

OUTPUT_B (~ font[col + rol]); delay_us(300);

PORTCbits_RC0 = 1; PORTCbits_RC0 = 0; PORTCbits_RC1 = 0; PORTCbits_RC3 = 1; PORTCbits_RC3 = 0;

} } } }

}

Application exercises:

Exercise 2: Write a program that runs the string "LOP VIDIEUKHIEN" from right to left Exercise 3: Write a program that runs the string "DH TON DUC THANG" from left to right

16

Unit 4 – Interface with the LCD, LED

UNIT OBJECTIVE

Students know how to:

 Create a project about LCD, LED in Proteus and experimental kit  Translation and programs loaded into the PIC microcontroller  Write a program to Show LCD With CCS-C Language

Exercise 1:The students connect the circuit schematic as follows, it include DS1307, IC

74LS595Q0 15

Q1 1Q2 2Q3 3Q4 4Q5 5Q6 6Q7 7Q7' 9SH_CP11

RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 16RC2/CCP1 17RC3/SCK/SCL 18

RD0/PSP0 19RD1/PSP1 20RB7/PGD 40RB6/PGC 39RB5 38RB4 37RB3/PGM 36RB2 35RB1 34RB0/INT 33

RD7/PSP7 30RD6/PSP6 29RD5/PSP5 28RD4/PSP4 27RD3/PSP3 22RD2/PSP2 21RC7/RX/DT 26RC6/TX/CK 25RC5/SDO 24RC4/SDI/SDA 23RA3/AN3/VREF+

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI 15MCLR/Vpp/THV

X1 1

X2 2SCL6

#define Data PIN_B0 //dinh nghia chan du lieu cho 595 #define sh PIN_B1 //dinh nghia chan SH cho 595 #define st PIN_B2 //dinh nghia chan ST cho 595

//ma led 7 doan co dau cham nam o tren

unsigned char ma[10]={0x81,0xed,0xc2,0xc8,0xac,0x98,0x90,0xcd,0x80,0x88}; //ma led 7 doan co dau cham nam o duoi

unsigned char ma1[10]={0x18,0x7b,0x2c,0x29,0x4b,0x89,0x88,0x3b,0x08,0x09}; //mang chua cac so can hien thi len led 7 doan

unsigned char so[6]={0,1,2,3,4,5}; unsigned char sec, min1, hr,luu;

int1 en; //bien giup cho hieu ung chop tat dau : //chuong trinh tach lay so de hien thi

void Transform_Time(char *sec, char *min, char *hr) {

so[0]=(*hr & 0x30) >> 4; //so chuc gio so[1]=*hr & 0x0F; //so gio

so[2]=(*min & 0xF0) >> 4;//so chuc phut so[3]=*min & 0x0F;

so[4]=(*sec & 0x70) >> 4; so[5]=*sec & 0x0F; }

//chuong trinh dich du lieu ra 595 void send_595(unsigned char da) {

signed char i; for(i=7;i>=0;i ) {

output_bit(Data,(da>>i)&0x01); output_bit(sh,0);

output_bit(sh,1); }

send_595(~(1<<(i+1)));

temp=((i%2)==0)? ma[so[i]]:ma1[so[i]]; //chon ma led 7 doan thich hop if(((i==1)||(i==3))&&(en==1)) temp&=0xf7; //hien dau cham ngan cach if(((i==2)||(i==4))&&(en==1)) temp&=0x7f; //hien dau cham ngan cach send_595(temp);

output_bit(st,0); output_bit(st,1); delay_ms(1);

18

send_595(0xff); send_595(0xff); output_bit(st,0); output_bit(st,1); delay_us(100); }

}

void main() {

signed char i;

setup_adc_ports(NO_ANALOGS); setup_adc(ADC_OFF);

setup_psp(PSP_DISABLED); setup_spi(FALSE);

setup_timer_0(RTCC_INTERNAL|RTCC_DIV_1); setup_timer_1(T1_DISABLED);

setup_timer_2(T2_DISABLED,0,1); setup_comparator(NC_NC_NC_NC); setup_vref(FALSE);

// TODO: USER CODE!! set_tris_b(0x00);

while(true) {

ds1307_get_time(&hr,&min1,&sec); Transform_Time(&sec,&min1,&hr); //lam dau : chop tat

if(luu!=sec)en=~en; luu=sec;

// -

for(i=0;i<10;i++)display(); }

}

Application exercises:

Exercise 2: Write the program read the date, month and year data from the DS1307 and then

display on the 7 segment Leds

Exercise 3: The students connect the scheme of circuit interface with LCD as follows:

Write a program to read date, month and year data from DS1307 and then display on LCD

#fuses HS,NOWDT,PUT,NOPROTECT #use delay (clock = 20000000)

#include <LCD.c> int8 nhietdo=0; void main() {

set_tris_d(0); lcd_init();

delay_ms(10);

setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL); setup_adc_ports(AN0_AN1_AN3 ); set_adc_channel(0);

delay_us(10); while(1) {

int1 done = adc_done(); while(!done) {

done = adc_done(); }

nhietdo = read_adc(); lcd_gotoxy(1,1);

printf(lcd_putc,"nhiet do la : %d%d",nhietdo/10,nhietdo%10); }

Applicative Exercises:

Exercise 2: Integrated LCD module, retrieve the value from the a variable resistor voltage

displayed on the LCD

Exercise 3: Use of PIC ADC module to measure the temperature in the room, use the LCD to

display temperature value with LCD-mode of 8 bits as follows:

The structure of the keyboard is as follows:

Exercise 1: Write a program to retrieve data from a keypress and then displays the binary

value of the key press on the single LED

// Program for Exercise 1

#include <16F877A.h> #include <key_4x4.c>

#use delay(clock=20000000)

void main() {

unsigned int8 key; set_tris_b(0x00); key_4x4_init();

while(TRUE) {

key=get_key_4x4(); if(key)

{

output_b(key-48);

while(key)key=get_key_4x4(); }

delay_ms(10); }

#ifndef KEY_4X4_ #define KEY_4X4_

static unsigned char KEY_4X4[4][4]={'7','8','9','/', '4','5','6','*',

'1','2','3','-', '#','0','=','+'}; void key_4x4_init(void)

{

output_drive(ROW1); output_drive(ROW2); output_drive(ROW3); output_drive(ROW4); output_float(COL1);

24 output_float(COL3);

output_float(COL4); }

int1 ButtonIsPush(void) {

output_low(ROW1); output_low(ROW2); output_low(ROW3); output_low(ROW4);

if((input(COL1)==0)|(input(COL2)==0)|(input(COL3)==0)|(input(COL4)==0)) return 1;

else return 0; }

void check_row(unsigned char i) {

output_high(ROW1); output_high(ROW2); output_high(ROW3); output_high(ROW4); if(i==0)

{

output_low(ROW1); }

else if(i==1) {

output_low(ROW2); }

else if(i==2) {

output_low(ROW3); }

else {

output_low(ROW4); }

}

unsigned char get_key_4x4() {

unsigned char i; if(ButtonIsPush()) {

delay_ms(5); if(ButtonIsPush()) {

for(i=0;i<4;i++) {

check_row(i);

if(!input(COL1)) return KEY_4X4[3-i][0]; if(!input(COL2)) return KEY_4X4[3-i][1]; if(!input(COL3)) return KEY_4X4[3-i][2]; if(!input(COL4)) return KEY_4X4[3-i][3]; }

} }

return 0; }

 Translation and programs loaded into the PIC microcontroller  Use module PWM in practical application

Exercise 1:The students connect the circuit as below figure, write program to control the DC motor:

press the up button to accelerate Press the dw button to slow down Press stop button to stop

void phim_up() {

if (!input(UP) && speed_value<1000) {

if (!input(UP)) {

delay_ms(20);

speed_value=speed_value+10; set_pwm1_duty(speed_value); delay_ms(200);

} } }

void phim_dw() {

if (!input(DW) && speed_value>0) {

if (!input(DW)) delay_ms(20);

speed_value=speed_value-10; set_pwm1_duty(speed_value); delay_ms(200);

} }

void main(){

set_tris_b(0xFF); set_tris_d(0x00);

//Timer 2 set up 124 is calculated duty resolution 500 max 1024 10bit setup_timer_2(T2_DIV_BY_16,249,1);

setup_ccp1(CCP_PWM); speed_value=0;

set_pwm1_duty(speed_value);

while(TRUE){ phim_up(); phim_dw();

if(!input(STOP) && speed_value >0) {

speed_value=0;

set_pwm1_duty(speed_value); }

}