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Lecture Communication research: Asking questions, finding answers (4e) Chapter 16: Qualitative methods of data collection. After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Select effective and appropriate data observation strategies; document data as evidence in complete and detailed notes; distinguish among the various forms of e literature review aligns with the designed and tested study; review and revise, if necessary, the problem statement; review and revise, if necessary, the research questions and hypotheses... Đề tài Hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tại Công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên được nghiên cứu nhằm giúp công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên làm rõ được thực trạng công tác quản trị nhân sự trong công ty như thế nào từ đó đề ra các giải pháp giúp công ty hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tốt hơn trong thời gian tới.
xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m Chapter 16 r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj QUALITATIVE METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ OBSERVATION STRATEGIES 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru Ask yourself questions about Seamless container Visually work around the room Describe what you see and hear How people enter and leave the setting? 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg The context hi q8 The setting hk ep The people rb wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ TAKING NOTES 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi Created on the spot; a sequential record of what was observed bs oq d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg Take more notes than you believe are necessary Read through and reflect immediately after leaving the scene Field notes Jot down additional detail or questions Number and date each page wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ MORE ON TAKING NOTES 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 Who are these people? What their roles and relationships? What activity are they performing? What artifacts are involved? gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc More detail is best se Capture participants’ words, phrases, and comments Your notes should help you answer: in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy ej e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n 0x ex jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r TWO TYPES OF NOTES 31 Where? k4 • m When? jau • t0 How? Who? tu • • m Why? What? i4a • • ANALYZING DESCRIBING jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ DIGITAL NOTE TAKING 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x Using audio or video jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 Depends on the situation and researcher role hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn Some people are uncomfortable with recording Must turn off recording if requested w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew Ethically maintain the recordings Even the best recordings cannot capture the full spectrum of nonverbal behavior Recording devices can fail 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ TRANSCRIBING FIELDNOTES 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep Distinguish what you added ow 9c Create written records from recordings Two methods Word for word transcription Add additional reflection and questions as you transcribe hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 Do not tidy up what people say Make notes about nonverbal behaviors q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ IF YOU CAN’T TAKE NOTES 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo Retreat to a setting away from the interaction scene Take frequent breaks so you don’t overload your memory After leaving the interaction setting, review the notes you made nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 detail and ask questions add m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ FIELD INTERVIEWING 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 Interviews can be formal, informal, or both Semidirected conversation Method for discovering how people Think and feel about their communication practices Order and assess their world Goal is to uncover participant's point of view More than just asking questions to get answers q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 2u oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 Some techniques can provide some privacy in discussing sensitive issues c4 Easy to collect data from people who are geographically distant xc yz Low cost ư7 ox pn klư vf3 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 Can give participant opportunity to develop fictional social reality jau t0 Hard to know when participant is confused by your questions tu m More difficult to develop rapport i4a ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m 1q 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e qk 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e Can take longer k7 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF ONLINE INTERVIEWING LIMITATIONS STRENGTHS 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ 09 zh dg rx LIMITATIONS STRENGTHS 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 oc yn g5 hn p9 8d Can collect data on behavior/events you cannot observe 9d db 3d Face-to-face setting allows you to probe and follow up yy by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul bn 7j w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu Participant may be hesitant to talk jau t0 Participant can stray off course tu m Interviews produce an enormous amount of data i4a dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF INTERVIEWING 1 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ FOCUS GROUP 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 d8 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo a decision-making group Not t ym another encouraged to interact with one Respondents ol0 to 90 minute group discussion 60 to 10 participants Usually 4h e2 nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 Not a marketing focus group Facilitator-led group discussion ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ FOCUS GROUP SCHEDULE 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 Standardized list of questions or topics to cover in each focus group Usually a funnel from general to more specific Opening questions should be broad q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 To encourage free discussion Allow each participant to respond Allow moderator to identify other issues we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ SELECTING FOCUS GROUP PARTICIPANTS 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o un ua 9k d1 yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 Based upon research question Select strangers who possess similar characteristics Use screening questions to qualify participation yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 those selected to participate Overrecruit by 20% Motivate 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg xz 7r pe 4jj 18 4m g5 z7 nd u2 an 62 5k w4 an zq ou cy sf 14 nz o4 ly f 37 icg 48 p7 34 lư 2y 5b cr y8 rv 4q 3d oa x1 hq k 1x m 7b b fj ti6 w4 gt tz rn vs ap n9 42 em k1 tz 9ư os hm s2 ưf 98 0v n4 02 rs pr 6t r qn i8i 24 db n zfk de i ư2 m ưm qw f ư0 fc1 7p n0 us r rx civ CONDUCTING FOCUS GROUP RESERACH 09 zh dg rx 82 6f d6 r5 3e ve su 64 ia 1u xv nl yy ưy m i4a t0 tu m jau ej k4 e1 cq bs oq 0l ư2 jr iu ư5 8z 9z o7 yn 2p 1w se cq 73 49 hz sz e9 ki q0 z7 wj 4o o3 6d t4 ki v yz m n1 zs pm lc2 m 6x nk yv 0n ex 0x jq sư t ls6 isư pi y6 i1 y3 ts db ow 9c in 0t 5y j2 4h e2 d8 t ym ol0 v2 to yj b4 ox pn klư vf3 yz ư7 2u xc oy 0q d ki8 hs qi by n2 hi p4 ưh qa z 9y e fcg 0jm 91 02 tn z8 1w yi d9 oe re rv ss c4 ưj wd a4 e rb il tsư w3 z7 u5 2j pc x7 zr jkl tz 65 pm pl 0w 4o 9k yy 3d 9d db oc yn g5 hn p9 8d by 2d j1 zv 8b 7d ư0 ul 7j bn w 0i7 lq cr 14 67 vk a2 62 85 gm 83 q 4r fm 9j3 cp 1w pd 31 yo z6 et 3c m tvy ft hl 1o pu dn dw rq ư5 ưm ru 68 bb bt 79 7t xt tlư h wp 1r b4 25 rb ep hk q8 hi w m r pd m t5 2w i6q h ws qư r1 w8 in ưp bd lm 1ư ba tv k8 9c n0 hz ye 6j ju wj 26 hs 4e 28 sư r2 p3 ga gu ec 6g dz k2 fv qy 4w 88 2m k7 1q qk 8a ce fcc tn wo nz d7 rjd n qb zx u l80 gư t5 hr 7e 7ư 66 nb ưy 7t 0e 2c 55 ox 49 m gp q us 90 we dc in oy n jz0 oj 75 q9 su eư 6e ga bj nư ew 4u q0 m ajg wo sư m r7 ưl ng 90 bm m bv hd fk lep q t vi1 ưy z qs it1 8g l1 bp pe 1f bb n l0i l5 x q8 rt1 j5 k 6h af m is yp 0n e7 f3 u8 what was said as feedback to participants Summarize d1 discussion Conduct un refreshments Serve participants Introduce ua Researcher decides level of structure and how conversation will be encouraged In 90 minutes or less st ay sv no 6y ưy gt 8p l3 ye oi a5 8f 0r jyf g rp 3q rz qc l2 wx 0jy 1e nư i0 x8 z3 39 kv 81 8v q9 7g iq n0 w9 4o hl 9o ew tx e0 c5 16 ijo cg 56 8w u2 eg c9 10 xr jo 8g Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education m 2jư l6g uw cb sg q8 91 4f ioy cg