SOCIOKINGUISTIC PROJECTS Student Name: Nguyễn Thảo Linh Student code: 7052900475 Class: Nghe An TOPIC Examine the differences between the Vietnamese spoken in Hanoi and its neigboring areas and the Vietnamese spoken in the Mekong delta Why you think there are such dialectal evidence? ****************************************** ABSTRACT: Currently, the impact of the process of industrialization and modernization has make people and society change a lot Especially when the situation This has a strong impact on people and society in the central areas political, economic, cultural, urban areas Industrialized and urban society urbanization leads to high and rapid population concentration in urban areas The degree of population concentration is often proportional to the size and role of cities for the development of the whole country All major cities in Vietnam are in that situation It's the same in Hanoi, but as the capital, Hanoi's ability to attract population is stronger than other cities, along with Mekong Delta, becoming the top two cities in Vietnam with attractive strongest population I INTRODUCTION Up to now, the concept of Hanoi language has only been presented in the figure below Knowledge are opinions, arguments, more or less general, not clear, many points are not really satisfactory However, Hanoians and Hanoians are two concepts that always exist side by side, shape each other, are inseparable In daily life, when communicating, we can easily recognize it by my native sense who is the speaker with a Hanoi accent, who is the speaker? Saigon accent, who speaks Nghe accent… Author Hoang Van Hanh has write “referring to “Hanoi accent”, “Hue accent”, “Saigon accent”, “King voice” North" and also "Son Tay voice", "Co Nhue voice" we are only talking about the beauty phonetic attitude specific to each dialect region of Vietnamese" Similarly, the concept of Hanoi language and Hanoi accent is different especially because when it comes to Hanoi language, it is all about phonetics, vocabulary and grammar French, but when it comes to the Hanoi accent, the emphasis is only on the sound side – phonetic only According to Trinh Cam Lan, currently, there are actually three trends differences in the concept of the Hanoi language, and accordingly the concept of people Hanoi The Mekong Delta (Mekong Delta) is a land in the Southwest region Set This is a fertile land in terms of soil, with many favorable conditions for economic development but at the same time is a land with many different characteristics language - culture compared to other regions People living in this land are mostly Vietnamese farmers industrious, industrious From personalities that come from ancient roots, lived on a In a new land, the people here promote the good character of farmers Vietnamese people, while creating for themselves some new personalities suitable to their own conditions nature and society Those are the cultural features of a river and garden area When studying the people of the Mekong Delta, many researchers have Review: People in the Mekong Delta have unique cultural features of the spirit of meaning chivalrous, generous, loving people without thinking more damage Language is one of the factors that create the cultural value of a community copper A researcher has affirmed: "Culture is the thread connecting people with people, it performs the function of communication and has the effect of linking them together If language is a form of communication, then culture is its content” Studying language to find out cultural values through identifiers and expressions of a local is quite interesting and worthy of attention II STRUCTURE OF VIETNAMESE SYLLABLES Overall structure A syllable is the smallest naturally pronounced syllable Vietnamese syllables consists of independent parts including tone, first tone and rest Set The third part has the main timbre of the syllable It is the only part of the calculation Combined with tone to create a rhyme, it is temporarily called the rhyme part Although However, the rhyme part is divided into elements: accompaniment, main sound and final sound Tone has the function of distinguishing one syllable from another in terms of vocal range The first syllable has the function of opening a syllable This syllable is distinct from the syllable with different openings There is a way to start with a silence pharynx, has a way of opening with air rubbing The accompaniment has the function of changing the timbre of the syllable after the beginning The timbre of the syllable after the opening is reduced or neutralized due to the accompaniment The main sound has the function of determining the main timbre of the syllable, which is the particle multiplication of syllables The last syllable has the function of ending syllables, with different endings or without occlusion changes the timbre of the syllable, has the effect of distinguishing syllables this with another syllable Vietnamese syllable components Tone is a meta-segmental phoneme It is expressed in full sound syllable, or rather, the entire vocal part of the syllable including the initial, accompaniment, main and final tones Vietnamese has six tones, except for unsigned ones and five other bars, each bearing the name of that register The existence of six tones will be verified taking into account the phonological oppositions that have been identified established in Vietnamese, that is, considering the distinctive features of tone Is the variation of the fundamental frequency during the pronunciation of a syllable This variation is called the tone contour Based on tonal lines Vietnamese tones can be divided into two groups: equals and trigrams Group Equal bars include unsigned bars (bar 1) and hypotenuse (bar 2) Special The common characteristic of this group is that they have a flat or slightly muted tone down The inspection group includes fall bars (bar 3), question bars (bar 4), sharp bar (bar 5) and heavy bar (bar 6) General characteristics of this group that they have complex tonal contours, wide range of variation The pitch is the average pitch of the tone during pronunciation details Vietnamese tonality belongs to two vocal regions: the high range consists of bars 1, 3, 5; low vocals include bars 2, 4, and III PHONETIC STUDY About tone: The tonal system in the original Hanoi language is complete Those six bars are horizontal bar, hypotenuse bar, fall bar, question bar, tone bar and heavy sound as in the Vietnamese tonal system of the whole people These bars distinguished from each other according to two basic criteria: contours and pitches Bar system 93 The tone is described both on auditory perception and through real analysis results Experiments have shown that this is the tone system that most fully expresses the characteristics distinction of Vietnamese tones It is one of the basic building blocks so the gentle resonance for the voice of Hanoi people About the first sound: The topic has conducted to describe the first consonant system in Ha Noi Intrinsic both in terms of auditory perception and acoustical characteristics on the analysis results experimental accumulation This is a system with only 19 phonemes, losing the first consonant sequence crooked tongue Because in the first consonant system, the tongue sound /ʈ/ is used by the Hanoi ans the pronunciation root inched deeper, almost a lingual sound before /c/ What about the tongue-twisting consonants /ş/ and curving/or tongue-twisting /ʐ/ are played by the original Hanoians sounds into a sound with the same pronunciation position as /s/ and /z/ but the consonant stroke is twisted/vibrating The tongue is also completely gone Differences in phonetic qualities in some This consonant leads to a difference in the number of consonants in the system Therefore, the first consonant system in the original Hanoi language has only 19 consonants About accompaniment: In the thesis, we accept the view of accompaniment is an independent component, is one of the components that make up a syllable Is the sound has the function of modifying the timbre of the syllable, denoted by /-w-/ Results for see that the accompaniment /-w-/ original Hanoian fully shows the phonetic features of Vietnamese accompaniment About the main sound: The main sound system in the original Hanoi language includes 16 phoneme in which there are 13 single vowels and diphthongs Variables changes in some other dialects such as the phenomenon of pronunciation of vowels color change; the phenomenon that the main sound [ɯ] in the rhyme pattern [ɯj] changes into double vowel [ɯɤ] with rhyme pattern [ɯɤj] in combinations such as swearing - cursing, (frame) weaving – (frame) riding… very popular in the old Ha Tay areas such as Son Tay, Thach That, Ba Vi also don't appear in Ha language at all Original interior In general, the main sound system in the original Hanoi language also shows full phonetic features of the Vietnamese main sound system for the entire population Generation This system has many differences from itself in other dialect regions About the last sound: The last consonant system in the original Hanoi language includes phonemes (not counting zeros), opposing each other on modal criteria sound structure and position In the original Hanoi, the last sounds /-n,-t/ can be appear clearly, but there is no phenomenon of turning into /-ŋ, -k/ as in South Central and Central Region Another point to pay attention to is the process surprise has completely occurred in rhymes [i ɲ, e ɲ, ε ɲ, i c, e c, ε c] In the Mekong Delta, this amazing process has not happened yet but those rhymes still use the ending syllables [n, t] In general, the final sound system in Hanoi in particular and Northern dialects in general are qualitatively different from this very system in the Mekong Delta dialect Particularly in the Southern region, the history of this land has formed a land of the Kinh, Khmer, Hoa, Cham, etc The long-term coexistence between these ethnic groups has led to an inevitable consequence of the contact between languages, including the contact between Vietnamese and Khmer The contact between two languages manifests in all aspects of the language such as phonetics vocabulary, grammar, pragmatics And this process has led to its consequences, including the phenomenon of borrowing In fact, a series of Vietnamese words have entered the lexicon of the Khmer language, and the Vietnamese lexicon in the Mekong Delta also contains a class of words derived from the Khmer language IV CONCLUSION Regarding the concept of original Hanoian and original Hanoian, need must be determined on both diachronic and synchronous aspects for relative positioning The residence space of the original Hanoians, the owner of the original Hanoi language Administrative boundaries of Hanoi through historical periods: administrative areas Hanoi has undergone many changes associated with the ups and downs of history but the central area still retains internal stability, that is the area located between three rivers (Red River, Kim Nguu River and To Lich River) whose nucleus we are used to calling 36 streets of Hanoi This is the settlement of the descendants of the indigenous people and also the immigrants inhabited many generations ago to become the owner of Hanoi” and is a Hanoian The original owner speaks the original Hanoi language The Mekong Delta, also known as the Southwest region, is an area consisting of 12 provinces and one city with an area of nearly 40,000 square kilometers (11% of the country's area) The development history is marked by the inhabitants of Dong Nai culture (2500 to 4000 years ago), through the kingdom of Funan, the kingdom was divided into Luc Chan Lap and Thuy Chan Lap From the 8th to 13th centuries, Thuy Chan Lap was an unspoiled area, and then sporadically welcomed Khmer and Vietnamese populations From the 17th century, Chinese and Vietnamese residents settled massively and by the 18th century, together with Nguyen Huu Canh, the Nguyen Dynasty controlled the entire Mekong Delta region today Therefore, the Vietnamese language in the Mekong Delta is mixed with the Khmer language, thus forming its own identity In the Vietnamese people, the interference is mainly modal and metalinguistic, used locally and personally, the influence is mainly on the phonetic level In the Khmer, the study of phonetics, especially the study of the first consonant, documents the appearance of some interference changes in the consonant combination /tr/ or the formation of a low pitch in some syllables At the intersection between Khmer and Vietnam