DEVELOPMENTS IN HEAT TRANSFER Edited by Marco Aurélio dos Santos Bernardes Developments in Heat Transfer Edited by Marco Aurélio dos Santos Bernardes Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Ivana Lorković Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright slava_vn, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published August, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Developments in Heat Transfer, Edited by Marco Aurélio dos Santos Bernardes p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-569-3 Contents Preface XI Chapter 1 Thermal Effects in Optical Fibres 1 Paulo André, Ana Rocha, Fátima Domingues and Margarida Facão Chapter 2 Heat Transfer for NDE: Landmine Detection 21 Fernando Pardo, Paula López and Diego Cabello Chapter 3 The Heat Transfer Enhancement Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Non-Uniform Cross-Section Channel SEMOS Heat Pipe 47 Shang Fu-Min, Liu Jian-Hong and Liu Deng-Ying Chapter 4 Magneto Hydro-Dynamics and Heat Transfer in Liquid Metal Flows 55 J. S. Rao and Hari Sankar Chapter 5 Thermal Anomaly and Strength of Atotsugawa Fault, Central Japan, Inferred from Fission-Track Thermochronology 81 Ryuji Yamada and Kazuo Mizoguchi Chapter 6 Heat Transfer in Freeze-Drying Apparatus 91 Roberto Pisano, Davide Fissore and Antonello A. Barresi Chapter 7 Radiant Floor Heating System 115 Byung-Cheon Ahn Chapter 8 Variable Property Effects in Momentum and Heat Transfer 135 Yan Jin and Heinz Herwig Chapter 9 Bioheat Transfer 153 Alireza Zolfaghari and Mehdi Maerefat Chapter 10 The Manufacture of Microencapsulated Thermal Energy Storage Compounds Suitable for Smart Textile 171 Salaün Fabien VI Contents Chapter 11 Heat Transfer and Thermal Air Management in the Electronics and Process Industries 199 Harvey M. Thompson Chapter 12 Unsteady Mixed Convection Flow in the Stagnation Region of a Heated Vertical Plate Embedded in a Variable Porosity Medium with Thermal Dispersion Effects 217 S. M. Alharbi and I. A. Hassanien Chapter 13 Heat Generation and Transfer on Biological Tissues Due to High-Intensity Laser Irradiation 227 Denise M. Zezell, Patricia A. Ana, Thiago M. Pereira, Paulo R. Correa and Walter Velloso Jr. Chapter 14 Entransy Dissipation Theory and Its Application in Heat Transfer 247 Mingtian Xu Chapter 15 Inverse Space Marching Method for Determining Temperature and Stress Distributions in Pressure Components 273 Jan Taler, Bohdan Weglowski, Tomasz Sobota, Magdalena Jaremkiewicz and Dawid Taler Chapter 16 Experimental Prediction of Heat Transfer Correlations in Heat Exchangers 293 Tomasz Sobota Chapter 17 High Temperature Thermal Devices for Nuclear Process Heat Transfer Applications 309 Piyush Sabharwall and Eung Soo Kim Chapter 18 Flow Properties and Heat Transfer of Drag-Reducing Surfactant Solutions 331 Takashi Saeki Chapter 19 Entransy - a Novel Theory in Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimization 349 Qun Chen, Xin-Gang Liang and Zeng-Yuan Guo Chapter 20 Transient Heat Transfer and Energy Transport in Packed Bed Thermal Storage Systems 373 Pei Wen Li, Jon Van Lew, Wafaa Karaki, Cho Lik Chan, Jake Stephens and James. E. O’Brien Chapter 21 Role of Heat Transfer on Process Characteristics During Electrical Discharge Machining 417 Ahsan Ali Khan Contents VII Chapter 22 Thermal Treatment of Granulated Particles by Induction Thermal Plasma 437 M. Mofazzal Hossain, Takayuki Watanabe Chapter 23 Method for Measurement of Single-Injector Heat Transfer Characteristics and Its Application in Studying Gas-Gas Injector Combustion Chamber 455 Guo-biao Cai, Xiao-wei Wang and Tao Chen Chapter 24 Heat Transfer Related to Gas Hydrate Formation/Dissociation 477 Bei Liu, Weixin Pang, Baozi Peng, Changyu Sun and Guangjin Chen Chapter 25 Progress Works of High and Super High Temperature Heat Pipes 503 Wei Qu Chapter 26 Design of the Heat Conduction Structure Based on the Topology Optimization 523 Yongcun Zhang, Shutian Liu and Heting Qiao Chapter 27 Thermal Modelling for Laser Treatment of Port Wine Stains 537 Dong Li, Ya-Ling He and Guo-Xiang Wang Chapter 28 Study of the Heat Transfer Effect in Moxibustion Practice 557 Chinlong Huang and Tony W. H. Sheu Chapter 29 Heat and Mass Transfer in Jet Type Mold Cooling Pipe 573 Hideo Kawahara Chapter 30 Thermal State and Human Comfort in Underground Mining 589 Vidal F. Navarro Torres and Raghu N. Singh Chapter 31 Heat Transfer in the Environment: Development and Use of Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing 611 Francisco Suárez, Mark B. Hausner, Jeff Dozier, John S. Selker and Scott W. Tyler Chapter 32 Prandtl Number Effect on Heat Transfer Degradation in MHD Turbulent Shear Flows by Means of High-Resolution DNS 637 Yoshinobu Yamamoto and Tomoaki Kunugi Chapter 33 Effective Method of Microcapsules Production for Smart Fabrics 649 Luz Sánchez-Silva, Paula Sánchez and Juan F. Rodríguez VIII Contents Chapter 34 Heat Conduction in Nonlinear Media 667 Michael M. Tilleman [...]... causing the propagation of the optical discharge 15 Void Interval (μm) 14 13 12 11 10 1 2 3 P (W) Fig 7 Void period as function of the injected optical power at 14 80 nm in a SMF-28 fibre Points are experimental data and the line corresponds to the data linear fit (slope =1. 38±0.06 µm W -1, intercept =10 .1 0.2 µm, correlation coefficient > 0.944) To summarise, we assume that the main process taking place in. .. obtained numerically is estimated in the fiber core Then, the temperature pulses moves in the negative-z direction (direction of the light source) with constant velocity (see Fig 9 (a)) 3.0 18 000 16 000 2.5 Optical Power (W) Temperature (K) 14 000 12 000 10 000 propagation direction 8000 6000 4000 2.0 propagation direction 1. 5 1. 0 0.5 2000 0 12 13 14 15 16 Position (mm) 17 18 0.0 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Position... 20 .1 mm 12 .5 mm 10 .0 mm 7 .1 mm 4.9 mm 3.0 mm 10 0 75 50 25 0 30 60 90 12 0 Time (s) Fig 13 Temperature values in the bent region along time 16 0 Temperature increase (ºC) 14 0 12 0 10 0 20 .1 mm 15 .0 mm 12 .5 mm 10 .0 mm 7 .1 mm 5.0 mm 80 60 40 20 0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1. 0 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 1. 8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 Optical Power (W ) Fig 14 Maximum temperature increase achieved as function of the optical power injected for several... drying mechanisms, variable property effects in heat transfer, heat transfer in electronics and process industries, fission-track thermochronology, combustion, heat transfer in liquid metal flows, human comfort in underground mining, heat transfer on electrical discharge machining, mixing convection are included in this book aiming The experimental and theoretical investigations, assessment and enhancement... pp 10 08 -10 10, ISSN: 10 41- 113 5 Shuto, Y., S Yanagi, S Asakawa, M Kobayashi and R Nagase (2004c) Fiber fuse generation in single-mode fiber-optic connectors, Ieee Photonics Technology Letters, Vol 16 , No 1, pp 17 4 -17 6, ISSN: 10 41- 113 5 Shuto, Y., S Yanagi, S Asakawa and R Nagase (2003) Generation mechanism on fiber fuse phenomenon in single-mode optical fibers, Electronics and Communications in Japan Part. .. fuse phenomenon is initiated only in a local heating point, thus in our model we assume an initial hot zone with the temperature above the critical value Tc 10 Developments in Heat Transfer 3.2 .1 Simulation of the fibre fuse effect for a single mode fibre (SMF) The system of equations (1) and (2) was integrated using a numerical routine from the NAG toolbox, d03pp, that integrates nonlinear parabolic... the injected optical power and the temperature increase in the optical fiber coating This model can be useful for the design of future systems, being an approach to limit the bending diameter to values that 17 Thermal Effects in Optical Fibres depend on the injected power, in order to maintain the operational conditions below a safety limit 16 0 Temperature increase (K) 14 0 12 0 10 0 80 20 .14 mm 15 .04... National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference pp JWA10, San Diego, CA, USA 18 Developments in Heat Transfer Andre, P S., A M Rocha, F Domingues and A Martins (2 010 b) Improved thermal model for optical fibre coating owing to small bending diameter and high power signals, Electronics Letters, Vol 46, No 10 , pp 695-696, ISSN: 0 013 - 519 4 Andre, P S., A M Rocha, F Domingues and A Martins (2 010 c) Thermal model for... Temperature increase (K) 14 0 12 0 10 0 80 60 20 .1 mm 15 .0 mm 12 .0 mm 10 .0 mm 4.9 mm 40 20 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1. 0 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 1. 8 2.0 Optical power loss (W) Fig 16 Temperature as function of the optical power loss for different bending diameters for a propagation signal at 14 80 nm As stated before, in the presence of high optical powers, the absorption in the acrylate layer exhibits a non-linear behavior... Lawandy (19 91) Explaining the Optical Fuse, Optics Letters, Vol 16 , No 13 , pp 10 46 -10 48, ISSN: 014 6-9592 Facao, M., A M Rocha and P S Andre (2 011 ) Traveling Solutions of the Fuse Effect in Optical Fibers, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol 29, No 1, pp 10 9 -11 4, ISSN: 0733-8724 Giraldi, M T M R., A M Rocha, B Neto, C Correia, M E V Segatto, M J Pontes, A P L Barbero, J C W Costa, M A G Martinez, O . systems, inverse space marching method, heat transfer in short slot ducts, freezing an drying mechanisms, variable property effects in heat transfer, heat transfer in electronics and process industries,. combustion, heat transfer in liquid metal flows, human comfort in underground mining, heat transfer on electrical discharge machining, mixing convection are included in this book aiming. The. irradiated to the cladding, are absorbed in the primary coating, resulting in a temperature increase. This local heating Developments in Heat Transfer 4 point can induce the fuse effect