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Ebook Writing: Processes, Tools and Techniques
[...]... processing demands of the activity In writing, it is often hypothesized that the use of such strategies is a sign of skilled writing In that perspective a second goal of on-line studies of writing is to describe and assess the processing demands of the writing processes Methods, Techniques, and Tools for the On-line Study of the Writing 3 In sum, to better understand the dynamic of the writing process,... rather than from occurrence of high-level writing processes Accordingly, two kinds of pauses have to be distinguished: pauses during which writing processes can occur, and pauses resulting from handwriting or typing mechanical demands The latter pauses are considered too short to involve high-level writing processes, and so functionally they do not differ from handwriting Methodologically, it is thus indispensable... (Eds.), Writing and Cognition: Research and Applications (13-29) Amsterdam Elsevier Methods, Techniques, and Tools for the On-line Study of the Writing 15 Alamargot, D., Chesnet, D., Dansac, C & Ros, C (2006) Eye and Pen: A new device for studying reading during writing Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 38, 287-299 Alves, R A., Castro, S L & Olive, T (2008) Execution and pauses in writing. .. explains that achieving proficiency in writing requires the deployment of a great load of writer‘s cognitive resources to cope with managing and monitoring the writing environment, the constraints imposed by the writing topic and task, and the processes and variables involved in composing a text (Graham and Harris, 2000; Kellogg, 1987a; Ransdell and Levy, 1996; Zimmerman and Risemberg, 1997) In fact, coordinating... understanding of the cognitive processes and personal variables involved in writing (Alamargot & Chanquoy, 2001; MacArthur, Graham, & Fitzgerald, 2006) The majority of these models recognize writing as a complex and demanding task which involves a large set of higher and lower order cognitive processes, which must be activated and coordinated recursively throughout the entire writing process This complexity... instruction on students‘ writing processes as well as on their written products and (b) demonstrating the long-term effects of this kind of intervention In a final section, we discuss the practical implications of this body of research (both ours and others) and make suggestions for how lessons learned from this research might be applied in the classroom In: Writing: Processes, Tools and Techniques Editor:... letters, a rarely practiced and hence effortful calligraphy Olive and Kellogg (2002) also observed that children were unable to activate high-level writing processes together with motor execution, and had to suspend handwriting to think over their texts Conversely, adults were able to activate simultaneously motor execution and high-level writing processes Chanquoy, Foulin and Fayol (1990) observed increased... periods than more skilled typists Finally, Alves, Castro and Olive (2008) and Olive, Alves and Castro (2009) have investigated nature of the writing processes activated during execution periods They have shown that all writing processes can be activated while handwriting, but that formulation is the process most frequently activated concurrently to handwriting This findings is in line with the idea that... simultaneously activate other writing processes Convergent with that interpretation, Olive and Kellogg observed that in 9 years old children for whom handwriting is not automatized, the RTs associated with transcription did not differed between the composition and copying tasks Moreover, they observed the same result in adults that were asked to use an unfamiliar handwriting (upper case handwriting) For the authors,... resources allocated to the writing process In general, planning and revision have been shown to be the most demanding processes However, in their review, Piolat and Olive (2000; see also Olive, Kellogg, & Piolat, 2002) have shown that allocation of cognitive resources to the writing processes and temporal organization of these processes vary according to the demands of the writing tasks and writers‘ knowledge . In: Writing: Processes, Tools and Techniques ISBN: 978-1-61668-916-2 Editor: Nathan L. Mertens, pp. 1-18 © 2010 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 1 METHODS, TECHNIQUES, AND TOOLS FOR. assess the processing demands of the writing processes. Methods, Techniques, and Tools for the On-line Study of the Writing 3 In sum, to better understand the dynamic of the writing process, on-line. with managing and monitoring the writing environment, the constraints imposed by the writing topic and task, and the processes and variables involved in composing a text (Graham and Harris, 2000;