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Math Concept Reader
Math Concept Reader A Nose for News and Numbers ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 1 1/9/07 1:02:25 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Math Concept Reader ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 2 1/9/07 1:02:25 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Copyright © Gareth Stevens, Inc. All rights reserved. Developed for Harcourt, Inc., by Gareth Stevens, Inc. This edition published by Harcourt, Inc., by agreement with Gareth Stevens, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to Permissions Department, Gareth Stevens, Inc., 330 West Olive Street, Suite 100, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212. Fax: 414-332-3567. HARCOUR T and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 13: 978-0-15-360179-8 ISBN 10: 0-15-360179-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 179 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 Math Concept Reader by Linda Bussell A Nose for News and Numbers ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 3 1/9/07 1:02:26 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah reads the Sunday paper aloud. She is a reporter for her school paper. She is always looking for new story ideas. This morning she r eads an article about national parks. The parks belong to the people of the United States. They pr otect natural ar eas and wild animals. Anyone can visit a national park. Sarah’s mom says that she once visited Y ellowstone National Park. Y ellowstone contains nearly 60% of the world’s geysers. A geyser is a spring that occasionally shoots water and steam into the air . The most famous geyser ther e is called Old Faithful. Sarah decides to write an article about national parks. 2 Chapter 1: Numbers and Mountain Math ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 2 1/9/07 1:02:27 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF SEQUOIA YOSEMITE VOLCANOES CUYAHOGA Sarah reads more. She learns that Yellowstone was the first national park. President Ulysses S. Grant set the land aside in 1872. It is located in three states– Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. Sequoia and Y osemite in California became national parks in 1890. The General Sherman T ree in Sequoia is the world’s largest and reaches 275 feet above the ground! Hawaii’s Volcanoes National Park is home to Kilauea, one of the world’s most active volcanoes! It became a park in 1916. O h io’s Cuyahoga Valley became a national park in 2000. 3 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 3 1/9/07 1:02:31 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah makes a timeline, which is a number line with dates. She will place dates in order while her brother Gabe reads aloud. Mammoth Cave National Park in Kentucky became a park in 1941. Mammoth Cave is the world’ s lar gest known cave system and covers more than 400 square miles. Colorado’s Rocky Mountain National Park was established in 1915 and contains 150 lakes and 450 miles of str eams. Florida’ s Biscayne National Park became a park in 1980. This park is home to the Florida Keys, which ar e a chain of islands. 4 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Yellowstone 1872 Sequoia 1890 Yosemite 1890 Founding Dates of National Parks ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 4 1/9/07 1:02:36 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah draws a line. She puts a mark for every ten years on it. She writes the years above the marks. The line runs from 1850 to 2000. She places a five-year mark halfway between the ten-year marks. Sarah enters the dates on her timeline. Wher e should she put the year 1872? It is between 1870 and 1875. Sarah makes a mark. She labels it “Y ellowstone 1872.” She marks Y osemite and Sequoia on the timeline. They are both at 1890. 5 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sarah creates a timeline and marks the years that two national parks were founded. ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 5 1/9/07 1:02:40 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Gabe looks closely at the timeline. He notices that the digits for Biscayne, Yosemite, and Sequoia are the same. Sarah takes a look and then nods. Then she notices that the place value of the digits 8 and 9 is switched. This makes a dif fer ence in the number’s value. Biscayne became a national park in 1980, not 1890. The tens and hundr eds digits ar e reversed. Gabe says 1980 is 90 years after 1890. He writes: 1890 + 90 = 1980 6 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Yellowstone 1872 Sequoia 1890 Yosemite 1890 Founding Dates of National Parks Rocky Mountain 1915 Hawaii Volcanoes 1916 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 6 1/9/07 1:02:45 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah finishes her timeline. Gabe says the article needs pictures and offers to help find them. He will look for photographs of the parks in Sarah’s article. Sarah looks at the newspaper article again. She turns the page to the next section. This section is called “T all Peaks” and is about mountains in the national parks. She r eads that the tallest mountain in North America is Mount McKinley . It is 20,320 feet tall. Mount McKinley is in Alaska’s Denali National Park. 7 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mammoth Cave 1941 Biscayne 1980 Cuyahoga Valley 2000 Sarah adds more dates to her timeline, for a total of eight national parks. ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 7 1/9/07 1:02:49 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah reads about more tall mountains. Mauna Kea is in the Hawaii Volcanoes Park and is 13,796 feet tall. Measured from its base on the ocean floor, though, Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain on Earth! Grand Teton is in Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming. It is 13,770 feet tall. Mount Whitney is in Sequoia National Park in California. It is 14,491 feet tall. Sarah wants to write about and compar e the mountains. She draws a table of the mountain heights. 8 Measured from its base at the ocean floor, Mauna Kea in Hawaii’s Volcanoes National Park is the tallest mountain in the world. ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 8 1/9/07 1:02:54 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF [...]... ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 12 1/9/07 1:03:12 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Kinds of Animals in Acadia and Rocky Mountain National Parks 7 28 FISH 56 41 MAMMALS 276 BIRDS 326 0 50 ROCKY MOUNTAIN 100 150 200 250 300 350 ACADIA Sarah and Gabe make a bar graph that shows the numbers of different kinds of birds, mammals, and fish They can use the graph to compare It compares the numbers of animals in Acadia National... in Acadia National Park to Rocky Mountain National Park Sarah makes a bar on the graph for each kind of animal in each park Gabe wants to show the total number of different animals in each park Sarah thinks that readers will figure this out They can use data from the graph 13 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 13 1/9/07 1:03:14 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 3: Read All About It! Sarah, Gabe, and their mom return... mountain heights have a 1 in the ten thousands place Sarah compares the thousands place of the mountain heights, and then she compares the hundreds place She puts the mountains in order from tallest to shortest They are Mount McKinley, Mount Whitney, Mauna Kea, and Grand Teton 9 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 9 1/9/07 1:03:01 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 2: Tall Waterfalls and Counting Creatures Sarah wants... library They have done several hours of research and are excited about all they have learned They help get dinner ready together while they talk about Sarah’s article Sarah has enough information to begin writing She has collected facts and information about 11 different national parks She says she will call her article “National Parks by the Numbers. ” Gabe says this is a good title since the article... more research so she, Gabe and their mom walk to the neighborhood library They use computers there to search the Internet for information about national parks They also find books about national parks Sarah wants to find other things to compare in the national parks On the National Park Service Web site, Sarah reads about Yosemite National Park She learns that Yosemite Falls is the tallest waterfall in... information about wildlife They read that Maine’s Acadia National Park has 326 kinds of birds It has 41 kinds of mammals and 28 kinds of fish That is 395 kinds of animals in all They round to the nearest 100 That’s about 400 different kinds Rocky Mountain National Park has 276 kinds of birds It has 56 kinds of mammals and 7 kinds of fish That is 339 kinds of animals in all They round to the nearest 10 That’s about... article has lots of numbers in it 14 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 14 1/9/07 1:03:19 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah’s brother and mother help her finish her article It is her best one yet! Sarah organizes her article She chooses which facts and information she wants to include She orders and rounds numbers Ordering and rounding numbers makes it easier for readers to understand the facts After dinner, Sarah sketches... sketches a picture of what the article will look like She draws rectangles where the tables, graphs, and photos will go Gabe draws maps and pictures of animals Mom finds a picture of Yellowstone to use The whole family agrees that the article will be Sarah’s best yet 15 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 15 1/9/07 1:03:22 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Glossary order to arrange according to a rule place value the value... easier to draw if we round the numbers. ” Sarah discovers that if she rounds the heights to the hundreds place, it looks like Bridalveil and Nevada Falls are both 600 feet high If she rounds to the tens place, the differences will show 11 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 11 1/9/07 1:03:02 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF National parks are home to many kinds of birds, fish, and mammals Finally, they look for information... Project at NASA/GSFC; p 3 (right) © Kayte M Deioma/Photo Edit; p 8 NOAA; pp 12 (left), 13 (top) U.S Department of Agriculture; p 12 (top right, bottom right) National Biological Information Infrastructure 16 ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 16 1/9/07 1:03:22 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Think and Respond 1 Use the timeline on pages 6 and 7 Bryce Canyon National Park was established in 1928 Suppose you wanted to add . She chooses which facts and information she wants to include. She orders and r ounds numbers. Ordering and rounding numbers makes it easier for readers to understand the facts. After dinner ,. Reader by Linda Bussell A Nose for News and Numbers ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 3 1/9/07 1:02:26 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Sarah reads the Sunday paper aloud. She is a reporter for her school paper Math Concept Reader A Nose for News and Numbers ca31os_lay_070109af_ll.indd 1 1/9/07 1:02:25 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Math Concept