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Word Form is one of the challenging types of Grammar that most learners are facing with. Therefore, the author has already collected and prepared for contents and assignments to aid the SS. There are four main kinds of word formation: prefixes, suffixes, conversion and compounds.
WORD FORM Hình thức 1.Noun 1.V-ion Vị trí 1.đứng trước động từ làm chủ ngữ V-ance - Ex: Many visitors come to Dalat every year V-ment 2.đứng sau động từ làm tân ngữ V-or/er(chỉ người) - Ex: I love this place so much • EX: 3.đứng sau: + educate →education - a/an/the/of/many/much/a lot of 4.đứng sau tính từ sỡ hữu (my, his, her, our, + perform→performance their, your) 2.adj-ness - Ex: I can see your happiness in your eyes Ex:Happy→ happiness 5.đứng sau tính từ - Ex: This is a nice performance Adj Noun-ful 1.đứng trước danh từ -al - Ex: It is a beautiful day -ous 2.đứng sau động từ là: (look, keep, make, seem, feel, be (am,is,are,was,were), get, become -able - Ex: You look fashionable in this -ly suit -y Adv Adj-ly 1.đứng sau động từ thường careful→ carefully Ex: I live happily on my farm 2.đứng sau tân ngữ động từ thường • Chú ý: (cuối câu) Good-well Ex: I did my homework carefully Fast-fast đứng trước động từ Hard-hard Ex: This building was completely destroyed Early-early đứng trước tính từ Late-late Ex: It’s extremely cold I Thành lập danh từ người V – ee Employ/employee (nhân viên) V– eer Engine→ engineer (kỹ sư) V– ant Assist→ assistant (người phụ tá) apply/ applicant (người ứng tuyển) - man Doorman (người gác cổng) Business→ businessman (doanh nhân) Music→ musician (nhạc công) Beg→ beggar (người ăn xin) Others Library→ librarian (thủ thư) Surgery→ surgeon (bác sĩ phẫu thuật) II Thành lập danh từ V - al Arrive→ arrival: tới nơi Remove→ removal: di chuyển Approve→ approval: tán thành V- ance Appear→ appearance: xuất Guide→ guidance: hướng dẫn Assist→ assistance: giúp đỡ Perform→ performance: buổi biểu diễn/ thể Allow→ allowance: cho phép Attend→ attendance: có mặt V- ence Differ→difference: khác Refer→ reference: tham khảo Prefer→preference: thích Depend→dependence: phụ thuộc Confide→ confidence: tự tin Adj-ity Able→ ability: khả Solid→ solidity: vững Electric→ electricity: điện Possible→ possibility: Similar→ similarity: giống Popular→ popularity: tính phở biến Real→ reality: thực tế N – hood Child→ childhood: thời thơ ấu Neighbor→ neighborhood: hàng xóm III Thành lập TínhTừ N–ic Science→ scientific: khoa học Emphasis→ Emphatic: nhấn mạnh History→ Historic: lịch sử N–ous Fame→ famous: nổi tiếng Danger→dangerous: nguy hiểm Poison→ poisonous: độc hại Marvel→ marvelous: tuyệt vời Nerve→ nervous: lo lắng Religion→ religious: tín ngưỡng Variety→ various: đa dạng Mystery→ mysterious: bí ẩn N – able Reason→ reasonable: hợp lý Fashion→ fashionable: hợp thời trang Comfort→ comfortable: dễ chịu, thoải mái Value→ Valuable: có giá trị V - able Admire→ admirable: đáng phục N – ish Self → selfish: ích kỷ V – tive Product→ productive: suất Protect→ protective: bảo vệ Decorate→ decorative: để trang trí Collect→ collective: tập thể Concentrate→ concentrative: tập trung N – ful Care→ careful Beauty→ beautiful Use→ useful IV Thành lập động từ Adj- ize Real→ realize: nhận Industrial→ industrialize: công nghiệp hoá Commercial→ commercialize: thương mại hoá Out - V Grow→ outgrow: phát triển Outrun→ outrun: chạy nhanh Weigh→ outweigh: nặng Over- V Stay→ overstay: lâu Take→ overtake: vượt, đuổi kịp Work→ overwork: làm sức Under-V Sell→ undersell: bán rẻ Do→ undergo: chịu đựng Charge→ undercharge: định giá thấp Super-V Impose→ superimpose: chồng lên Heat→ superheat: đun sôi Intend→ superintend: trông nom/ giám sát I BẢNG WORD FORM THEO TỪNG UNIT UNIT NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB NO VERB MEANING làm bực bội annoy annoyance annoyed beautify beauty beautiful beautifully characterize character characteristic characteristically tính cách ease easy easily dễ extreme extremely generous generously hào phóng generosity friend friendship friendly (tình bạn) unfriendly(khơng friendliness thân thiện) (sự thân thiện) help xinh đẹp bạn helpful helpless(Không helpfully giúp đỡ) giúp đỡ hài hước humor humorist humorous 10 intelligence intelligent thông minh lovely dễ thương lucky unlucky luckily ( KHÔNG may unluckily mắn=xui) may mắn 11 love 12 luck 13 orphan orphanage 14 peace 15 humorously trẻ mồ côi trại mồ côi peaceful peacefully hịa bình sociable social sociably thích xã giao 16 differ (from) difference different (from) differently (adv) khác biệt 17 volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily 18 reserve reservation reserved 19 care sóc) (chăm care carefulness careful (cẩn thận) tình nguyện bảo thủ, rụt rè carefully carelessly quan tâm, cẩn thận carelessness careless (bất cẩn) interestingly interestedly thú vị 21 hardship hard (sự gian khở) hard hardly (hiếm khi) khó khăn, gian khổ 22 happiness happy happilly hạnh phúc 23 difficulty difficult difficultly khó 20 interest interest (un)interesting interested UNIT NO VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB MEANING act Actor/actress action activity (hoạt động) active actively hành động agree disagree agreement disagreement agreeable agreeably đồng ý arrange arrangement arranged xếp assist assistance assistant assistant (người phụ tá) trợ giúp commercialize commerce demonstrate demonstration demonstrable demonstrator trình bày emigrate emigration emigrant emigrational di cư exhibit exhibition exhibitive triển lãm Invent invention inventor inventive (nhà phát minh) phát minh 11 introduce introduction giới thiệu 12 invite invitation mời 13 music commercial musical commercially thương mại âm nhạc musician 14 transmit transmission transmittable truyền 15 succeed success (un)successful (un)successfully (không) thành công 16 deafen deafness deaf điếc UNIT NO VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB MEANING attraction attractive attractively hấp dẫn chemical (hóa chất) chemist (nhà hóa học) chemic chemically hóa học attract communicate communication communicative communicatively giao tiếp cộng đồng community communal danger dangerous dangerously nguy hiểm destructively phá hủy destroy destruction destructive electrify electricity electrician (thợ điện) electric (dùng) electrical (có electrically liên quan điện) encourage encouragement encouraging 10 marvel suit encouragingly khuyến khích tuyệt vời marvelous (un)suitability (un)suitable điện (un)suitably (không) phù hợp dơ bẩn 11 dirt dirty 12 safe safety (un)safe 13 house household (hộ gia đình) household gia đình injury (vết thương) injured bị thương 14 injure (Un)safely (khơng) tồn an UNIT NO VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB MEANING (dis)appear (dis)appearance change change (un)changeable (un)changeable (không) thay đổi color Colorful Colorless (không màu) màu sắc cruelty cruel xuất cruelly độc ác decide decision decisive định equip equipment equipped well-equipped thiết bị excite excitement excited exciting serve service servant (người hầu) excitedly excitingly háo hức phục vụ 10 home Homeless gia cư) 11 immediacy immediate immediately 12 magic magician magical magically phép thuật 13 quietness quiet quietly yên lặng 14 tradition traditional traditionally truyền thống wonder wonderful wonderfully tuyệt vời 16 fortune (un)fortunate (un)fortunately (không) may mắn 17 wisdom wise wisely khôn ngoan 15 18 19 wonder (vô nhà own owner sở hữu, chủ participate participation participant (người tham gia) tham gia UNIT NO VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE behave behavior behavioral hành vi cooperate cooperation cooperative hợp tác enjoy enjoyment enjoyable enjoyably thú vị importance important importantly quan trọng improve improvement improvable memorize memory memorable nervousness nervous ADVERB MEANING cải thiện memorably ghi nhớ hồi hộp excellently xuất sắc excel excellence excellent please pleasure pleasant pleased hài lòng 10 practice practice practical Thực hành 11 pride pride proud (of) 12 pronounce pronunciation pronounced phát âm 13 revise revision ôn luyện proudly hãnh diện 14 (un)satisfy satisfaction (un)satisfactory (un)satisfactorily Satisfying hài lòng satisfyingly satisfied 15 celebrate celebration ceebrated tổ chức, mừng 16 comfort comfort (un)comfortable (un)comfortaby thoải mái UNIT NO VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB MEANING application applicant applicable nộp đơn environment environmental environmentally môi trường apply establish establishment established establisher naturalize nature natural thành lập naturally tự nhiên ăn organize organization organizational tổ chức prepare preparation well-prepared chuẩn bị recycle recycling recycled tái chế volunteer volunteer voluntary youth young trẻ enrollment enroll đăng ký 11 similarity similar similarly tương tự 12 health (un)healthy (un)healthily sức khỏe popular popularly phổ biến 10 enroll 13 popularize popularity 14 sign signature 15 16 educate voluntarily tình nguyện ký tên awareness aware education educator educational ý thức educationally giáo dục UNIT NO VERB NOUN perform performance performer discuss discussion produce production product productive produce (nông sản) ADJECTIVE ADVERB biểu diễn sản xuất quickness quick quickly nhanh specially đặc biệt specialize specialist special taste taste tasty thảo luận discussible nếm, vị neighbor neighboring neighborhood notice MEANING hàng xóm notice noticeable noticeably ý convenience convenient conveniently tiện nghi 10 reside resident residential residentially cư ngụ 11 select selection selective selectively lựa chọn 12 photograph photograph photography (nhiếp ảnh) photographer (nhà nhiếp ảnh) 13 inform information chụp ảnh informative informatively thông tin EXERCISE: Ex Cho dạng từ ngoặc để điền vào chỗ trống Detroit is renowned for the _ car (produce) If you make a good at the interview, you will get the job (impress) The _ looked dark and there were hardly any other guests (enter) My history teacher has a vast of past events (know) You are never too old to go to college and gain some _ (qualify) My greatest was graduating from university (achieve) The weatherman said there is a strong _ of rain today (possible) Some old laws are no longer _ (effect) Athens is for its ancient buildings (fame) 10 Tom was caught shoplifting so now he has a record (crime) 11 Despite her severe _, she fulfilled her goals in life (Disable) 12 Being is the worst thing that can happen to someone (employ) 13 If you buy presents in the summer your _ can be very high (save) 14 Due to the pilot's _, the copilot managed to land safely (guide) 15 It's important to also see the less sides of the job (desire) 16 I was surprised at his to give up (refuse) 17 Children are by nature _of danger (aware) 18 Annie is always _towards her parents (respect) 19 The hospital has the best medical _and fast ambulances (equip) 20 You can relax in the comfortable _of the hotel (surround) 21 It's totally that you stayed home when you were sick (understand) 22 Don't laugh at his stupid jokes! You'll only _ him to say them again (courage) 24 After Monday, I will no longer be a foreigner-I am receiving my _ _! (citizen) 25 Arthur will be very lonely unless you him (friend) 26 Every afternoon, the cooks _ their knives in preparation for dinner (sharp) 27 I hate being around Mary Lou, she is (friendly) 28 The stock market crash of 1929 left my great grandfather _ (penny) 29 I have a class at 8:00 a.m but I always (sleep) 30 The groom may _the bride only when their vows have been exchanged (veil) 31 I think we should try something else That strategy seems way too _ (risk) 32 My father's death left me with a great _ in my heart (empty) 33 George W Bush is pretending that he attacked Iraq to _ the Iraqis (liberty) 34 Americans fought hard to earn their _from Britain (free) 35 When you work at a nuclear power plant, you have to be extremely (care) 36 Every time I think I've beaten you, you _ me! (do) 37 I had to take three months off when I was pregnant, but my boss has been very (understand) 38 He will the wine as soon as we are ready for dinner (cork) 39 You need to work on your orthography so you don't _ (spell) these words 40 The weather looks bad for a picnic rainy and windy! (cast) Exercise Give the correct form of the word in bracket She’s beautiful with a smile (love) , the barber cut my hair too short (luck) Each of my friends has a character (differ) Nam is very ., kind and generous (social) My uncle often spends his free time doing volunteer work at a local (orphan) Linda has short hair (curl) Quoc and his brother like movies very much (act) My elder brother likes acting and outdoor (act) Ken experimented with ways of transmitting over a long distance (speak) 10 Kevin demonstrated his invention (success) 11 Mr Bin made an to see us at two o’clock (arrange) 12 Thomas Watson was Bell’s , wasn’t he? (assist) 13 There wasn’t any in our village two years ago (electric) 14 “The lost shoe” is one of the stories I like best ( tradition ) 15 Everyone was at the soccer match ( excite ) Exercise Give the correct form of the word in bracket - Facebook was built on the _ of earlier social network sites like My Space successful and Bebo (SUCCESS) - Recent _developments have made robots more user-friendly, and intelligent (SCIENCE) - Generally speaking, most technology has had a effect on our lives (BENEFIT) - It is undeniable that _have revolutionized our lives (COMPUTE) - The 21st century has already seen considerable _ in computer technology (PROGRESS) Exercise Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences The Tay people live mostly in the ………………… regions in the north of Vietnam (MOUNTAIN) You can taste some ………………… of the local people sold right there at the openair market (SPECIAL) I'm sure you will have an ………………… time when you attend Hoa Ban Festival (FORGET) Do the Cham people live in the ………………… provinces of the country? (SOUTH) The yellow color of five-colored sticky rice ……………… Earth? (SYMBOL) Is the ………………… of the stilt house on the side? (ENTER) We like the ………………… songs of the Muong in Hoa Binh (TRADITION) Are there many …………festival held by the Viet people in spring? (RELIGION) Thai cloth is famous for being unique, ………………… and strong (COLOUR) 10 He was one of the greatest ………………… of the Ede ethnic group (ART) Exercise Put the words in brackets into the right forms to complete the sentences People in my country are very open and …………………… I like to go there when I have free time (friend) Some of my …………………… live in the countryside (relate) Some people say that the country is more …………………… for the people who are retired (suit) Entertainment is difficult to find in the country, …………………… in the evening (particular) Natural disasters can …………………… destroy a harvest and leave the farmers with little or no money until the following year (easy) Do you think the ethnic ………………….people have their own custom and traditions? (minor) Which ethnic group has the smallest ………………… in Vietnam? (populate) Some ethnic peoples in the mountainous regions still keep their ………………… way of farming (tradition) Which you think is more …………………., the Tay's or Nung's costume? (colour) 10 If you go to Sa Pa, you should try some ………………… of the local people sold at the market (special) Exercise Supply the correct form of the words They realized the _ of learning the customs (IMPORTANT) People in some far-away mountainous regions still keep their way of life (TRADITION) There are many cultural _ between his country and mine (DIFFER) She received a lot of from her parents (COURAGE) , dark clouds soon appeared and it began to rain heavily (FORTUNATE) I often go out and _ in my free time (SOCIETY) There are three trains from Ha Noi to Lao Cai (DAY) The _ of cultural values is not productive in Vietnam (PRESERVE) Drinking water in some areas may be _ (SAFE) 10 Encouraging children to eat and drink _ is very important (HEALTH) 11 The opening ceremony of Giong Festival was very _ (IMPRESS) 12 A fable is an short story that teaches a moral lesson (IMAGINE) 13 Once upon a time there was a happy and _ ladybug (CHEER) 14 While Cam lived , Tam had to work very hard (LUXURY) 15 Saint Giong heard an _ that the emperor needed brave men to protect the country (ANNOUNCE) 16 Marconi was the of radio ( invent ) 17 The of radio was made by Marconi ( invent ) 18 Alexander G.B demonstrates his invention ( success ) 19 Can I leave the of the table for you? (arrange ) 20 We have two postal each day ( deliver ) 21 I’m going to the shop for a rice ( cook ) 22 Be careful to cover the sockets for the safety of the children (electric) 23 The music is beautiful It makes the movie ( forget ) 24 In order to save the ., remember to turn off the lights before going out ( electric ) 25 The boy fell off his bicycle and broke his arm ( fortunate ) 26 His broken arm was still ( pain) 27 A fairy appeared and changed her old clothes ( magic ) 28 The tiger wanted to see the farmer’s ( wise ) 29 The police came ( immediate ) 30 Our life is much better with the help of modern ( equip ) 31 In the story, the prince got to a poor girl ( marry ) 32 Harry is an student ( excellence ) 33 Thank you for your party ( enjoy ) 34 Remember to check for mistakes before handing in your writing (spell) 35 in sport competitions is open to everyone in our school (participate) 36 Her parents are pleased with her good ( behave ) 37 His of some words is not correct ( pronounce ) 38 My teacher is proud of my in my study ( improve ) 39 I can all the exercises (easy ) 40 The Boy Scouts of America is a youth ( organize ) 41 The form must have the of the writer ( sign ) 42 Our teacher always gives us so that we can work hard ( encourage) 43 If you want to join the club, please fill in this form ( apply ) 44 Who is the of this car? (own ) 45 There are not enough doctors in this ( neighbor) 46 The in the area are against the building of the new high way (reside) 47 I want to become a famous when I grow up ( photograph ) 48 There is a wide of clothes for you in this summer ( select ) 49 Jenny always brings an English dictionary in her ( pack ) 50 The weather is getting ( bad ) 51 It is than usual in my town today ( busy ) 52 School days are the days of my life ( happy ) 53 Who is , Tom or Tim? ( good ) 54 Anna lives in the house of the village ( large ) 55 Going on a trip is than staying at home ( interesting ) 56 The people in the country are very open and ( friend ) 57 She is loved by many people because of her and consideration (kind) 58 Some of my live in the city ( relate ) 59 Air is a big problem in the city nowadays ( pollute ) 60 Nora likes a evening in the countryside 61 Mr Tan teaches sciences ( nature ) 62 Disneyland is one of the famous areas of ( entertain ) 63 Andy had no for his absence ( explain ) 64 How of you to break that cup! ( care ) 65 We live in a rather rich ( neighbor ) 66 They are members of an international ( organize ) 67 Television is very nowadays ( popularity ) 69 her illness was more serious than we thought (fortunate ) 70 Sapa is a wonderful resort in Viet Nam ( mountain ) 71 Most tourists like visiting villages ( tribe ) 72 There are ways of solving problem ( variety ) 73 It’s not easy to find cheap at busy times ( accommodate ) 74 Some of my are going to my birthday party ( class ) 75 We like our math teacher for his sense of (humorous) 76 We are making for the trip to Dien Bien next week 77 Billy is working as an to Professor Brown ( assist ) 78 We are waiting for the of his plane ( arrive ) 79 Every week, there are two from Ha Noi to HCM city (fly) 80 There are some buses to destinations ( south ) 81 This knife is It can’t cut anything ( use ) 82 The person who sell flowers at the shop is called ( flower ) 83 Emily is very about her mother’s health ( anxiety ) 84 Mrs Bethina can help Mai to make a good ( choose ) 85 In May, the days often ( long ) 86 My father has a good of Vietnamese history ( know ) 87 My father plans to live ……………………… in the countryside after he retires (PERMANENT) 88 Read the user’s manual carefully, it will give you a lot of useful …… …….(INFORM) 89 This part of the library is for college students only it is not ……………… to high school pupils (ACCESS) 90 I didn’t sleep very well that night and got a terrible headache the ……………… morning (FOLLOW) 91 Few people want to eat that restaurant because of the …………… smell from the garbage dump nearby (PLEASE) 92 Our ……………… are doing their best to improve the people’s quality of life (GOVERN) 93 What’s the …………………… time of your flight? (DEPART) 94 I’m going to buy a motorcycle.I’m tired of riding on ……………… buses (CROWD) 95 English ia an ……………………… and important subject (INTEREST) 96 In electronics, We learn to repaire ………………… appliance (HOUSE) 97 Nam ia very ……………………………….…in computer (INTEREST) 98 Ba will be a ……………… Artist one day (FAME) 99 If you want to have a ……………………body, you should play sport (HEALTH) 100 In most country,there are organizations especially for ……………… (TEEN) 101 There is many kinds of ………………….for young people (ENTERTAIN) 102 More and more young people want a university …………….(EDUCATE) 103 We are rehearsing a play for the school anniversary ……………(CELEBRATE) 104When I go to the library, I sit and read about …………… things (WONDER) 105Ask the ………………………………… if you can borrow this book (LIBRARY) 106 We have a ……who comes twice a week (GARDEN) 107 I’d like to live here because the people are very (friend)……………………… 108 We usually go (Swim)……… … in the morning 110 (Fortunate)………… … , he was ill on the day of the Pop festival 111You should bring (suit)………………… clothes for this cold weather 112 Don’t let the child go out because it’s (wind)………