[...]... Dekker, Inc All Rights Reserved Crude oil wells contain crude oil as well as gas The amount of gas in the crude oil varies from very little to hundreds of cubic meters per ton of crude oil These gases, solved in crude oil, can be released from the crude oil at normal pressures After production, crude oil is stabilized by separating the gas from the oil (see Part III) The crude oil coming to the refinery... methods for crude oil treatment This chapter also highlights the general chemistry of crude oil and crude oil products The last chapter (i.e chapter 2) of Part I deals with modern analytical methods used in crude oil chemistry Modern and classical methods of petroleum and petroleum products characterization are explained This chapter is an essential chapter for present and potential crude oil chemists... physical activities of the crude oil, on metal /crude oil interface and ground /crude oil interface This property of nitrogen compounds is used during the production of crude oil from the oil well For example, hinoline can prevent the corrosion of metal parts; this is very important for the continuous working of many oil production plants The next class of heteroatom compounds in crude oil is the oxygen compounds... without crude oil It brings power to all our machines and our houses It is used as a lubricant for various parts of machines Hardly any modern device would work without relying on various products derived from crude oil Even though the history of crude oil could be traced back by more than two thousand years, real production of crude oil perhaps began in August 27, 1859, when the first industrial-scale crude. .. is also given on the ecological consequences of crude oil production and treatment as well as problems that generally arise in the petroleum industry which crude oil chemists have to confront A detailed discussion on the properties of crude oil and crude oil products and some methods for their improvement prepares the reader for the problems the crude oil chemist faces daily Some early traditional solutions... from crude oil However, it has been shown that the largest fraction of paraffins in the crude oil is composed of molecules from €7 to CM- Lighter or heavier paraffins are present in crude oil in smaller amounts or as trace compounds All types of paraffins (i.e «-paraffins and wo-paraffins) are present in crude oil The methyl-substituted paraffins were analytically proven to be present in crude oil in... since analytical chemistry constitutes an important part of crude oil chemistry Besides, crude oil products have so many special properties that are important for the industry The need to determine these properties gives rise to the very many analytical methods used in petroleum chemistry Copyright © 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc All Rights Reserved 1 Nature and Classification of Crude Oil 1.1 HISTORY... 0.04% of crude oil About thirty different metals are found in different crude oils The most common are vanadium, nickel, iron, zinc, mercury, boron, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium Unsaturated compounds like alkenes are not presented in crude oil However, these compounds can be produced during the thermal or/and catalytic treatment of the crude oil These compounds differ from all crude oil compounds... in August 27, 1859, when the first industrial-scale crude oil well with a depth of 22 meters was opened in Oil Creek, Pennsylvania After this first industrial crude oil well was opened, there was the commencement of a rapid development of crude oil production and treatment Probably, this day could be said to mark the birth of modern crude oil chemistry In 1878, the Swedish businessman Alfred B Nobel... paraffmic oils can contain up to 50% paraffins, 47% naphthenes and up to 3% aromatic compounds It is known that the higher the boiling temperatures of the crude oil fraction, the less the amount of paraffmic compounds present in the fraction However, paraffins are present in smaller or higher amounts in all crude oils, crude oil fractions and products The kind and how the paraffins are present in oil (i.e . meters per ton of crude oil. These gases, solved in crude oil, can be released from the crude oil at normal pressures. After production, crude oil is stabilized by separating the. the crude oil, on metal /crude oil interface and ground /crude oil interface. This property of nitrogen compounds is used dur- ing the production of crude oil from the oil . essential chapter for present and potential crude oil chemists since analytical chemistry constitutes an important part of crude oil chemistry. Besides, crude oil products have so many special