[...]... Called-up share capital Share premium account Other equity instruments Other reserves , ,-, Retained earni-Bg~_ _ _ s Tota! shareholders' equity_ Minority interests 6,053 5,915 8,463 8,134 2,133 (3,747) 33,014 80 689 _ _ 81,097 _ _ -= '3,.,c7.: :-: :; :-. -_ -= 12 '-8 :":: 6 ,-; , 9 ; ,59 1 = = ,1: ;: 0_ 6,638 7,256 ~ -~ -Total eg.=1 _ _ _ _ _ _~ _ _ _~ U :: :- 'tyJ 100J79_ _ -" 35 '4~ "-: :: 1:: :-: ::.;,... claims incurred and movement in liabilities to policyholders Net operating income before loan impairment charges and other credit-risk provisions Loan impairment charges and other credit-risk provisions Net operating income Employee compensation and benefits General and administrative expenses Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment Goodwill impairment Amortisation and impairment... attract investment capital than a start-up UNIT 8 START-UP CAPITAL • • alSln b un by Doug Richard A Companies require capital Start-up companies - especially high-risk, mghreward, innovation-based companies - frequently need more capital than a 5 start-up entrepreneur can provide This means that the entrepreneur generally has to look for outside finance Debt finance, such as a bank loan, is generally... the accounting rules laid down by 'the world's top accounting rule-making body'? Do you think this episode damaged the International Accounting Standards Board's credibility? Explain your ideas in a short report 2 Do an Internet search to research further developments in the banking accounting rules or any subsequent banking and accounting crises 27 This unit looks at corporate investment into and. .. What was the banks' criticism of the old rules? UNIT 6 H ACCOUNTING FOR BANKS IASB questions relaxing of fair-value accounting by Jennifer Hughes A European banks' accounting practices deteriorated as a result of the relaxing of fair-value accounting standards in late 2008 , according to Sir David Tweedie , 5 Head of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) After a battle with the European... about international trade and stock markets, local economies, companies and employees Write a short report to explain your ideas 11 This unit looks at the set of international accounting and reporting rules which is being adopted by a large number of countries BEFORE YOU READ . institutes. The demands and pressures on the global profe ssion 80 are increasing, particularly in develop- ing nations, where IFRS and inter- national audit standards are proving. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS to ta e account 0 25 and altering data-collection systems to potentially changing pay policies and adjusting key accounting policies in order. - col- lecting it and explaining why you need it.' E Externally, there were also big chal- lenges. Executives had to educate the market as to what the different numbers meant and