BO VAN HOA ^ THONG TIN CHUONG TRINM BAO TON Dl SAN VAN HOA PHI VAT THE NAM 2004 BAO BAM LANG NON KHE iurti.i YizHMO' liHH NINH BINH) iOA . THONG TIN NINH BINH Tkuc hien ' 2004 BO VAN HOA THONG TIN CHJONG TRINH BAG TON CAC Dl SAN VAN HOA PHI VAT THE NAM 2004 ******* HIL4 ******* 7 7 Dl SAN BAO TON LE HOI BAO BAN LANG NON KHE • • (XA YEN TLf- HUYEN YEN MO - TINH NINH BINH) Ty *k^. <[U- ^ ^ X L^. 2- D: Y^ X X z y- \ \ 1^' r<^ jo^ 1 ^ SCi VAN HOA THONG TIN NINH BINH Thuc hien- 2004 CHI DAO THl/C HIEN Bui Xudn Cu: Giam doc Sa Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh NHtJNG NGl/C)I THUC HIEN -Nguyen Dice Long Pho Giam doc So Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh -Nguyen Quang Hdi -Nguyen Trong Vinh NHQNG NGUOI CUNG CAP TU LIEU: l-6ng Biii Xuan Nhat - 62 tuoi, ngirdi lang NOn KhS 2-Ong Pham Ngoc Cirong - 65 tuoi, ngudi lang Non Khe 3-Ong Biii Huy Tap - 63 tuoi, ngudi lang Non Khe NGUOI CHAP BUT KHAO TA: Nguyen Quang Hai - Sd Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh Ninh Binh, thdng 7 ndm 2004 CO QUAN QUAN LY DU AN Vien Van hoa Thong tin (Bo Vdn hod Thong tin) CO QUAN THUC HIEN So Van hoa Thong tin Ninh Binh >« — ^ Tren dia ban tinh Ninh Binh noi rieng va a hau het cac viing mien trong ca nirdc ta co rat nhieu li hoi truyen thong ma cho den nay (nam 2004) viec thdng ke day dii va phan loai cac 1§ hoi truyen thong a cac dia phuong dudng nhu vSn con dang tiep tiic vdi thdi gian, ddi hoi nhieu nd lire va cong phu. Mdi \h hoi truyen thdng chinh la mot sii hoi tii cac sinh hoat van hoa cong dong: Van hoa tam linh, van hoa nghe thuat dan gian - truyen thdng va hien dai, la noi, la dip the hien nhihig di san - gia tri van hoa vat the va van hoa phi vat the. Ben canh nhixng net chung - dae trung ciia Id hdi truyen thdng tren dia ban thi cd nhiing ll hdi truyen thdng the hien sac thai rieng, doc dao vl ndi dung ll thiic va hdi thiic so vdi cac 11 hoi truyin thdng khac. Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe (xa Yen Til - huyen Yen Md - linh Ninh Binh) la mot trong cac ll hdi lang ndi tieng tren dia ban trong va ngoai pham vi tinh nha - vl ca quy md, diln trinh va mot sd ll thirc tir lau da trd thanh net dae trung, ddc dao va dae sac. Vl y nghia ciia ten goi "Bao ban" cd the hieu nhu sau: "Bao" nghia la "bao dap", "bao cdng". "Ban" nghia la "gdc" (que huong ban quan). "Bao ban" nghia la bao dap cdng diic ciia tien nhan, dng cha, nhirng ngudi cd cdng lao khai kh^n dat dai, lap dung xdm lang. Nghi ll dae sac ciia Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe cung chinh la su the hien dao ly "Ud'ng nudc nhd ngudn" cua van hoa Vict Nam, va da, dang va se trai qua bao cac the he, ddng ho trong mdi mdt cdng ddng lang xa am ^m, bin chat, gdp phan tao lap, duy tri ban sac van hoa ciia cdng dong cac dan tdc Viet Nam. UE 'KOI mo (B^THLjmq ^63^X0- Nhu vay, Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe (bao gom cac dang thuc bao tdn: van tu, hinh anh tinh, hinh anh ddng ) la mdt du an thudc "Qiuong trinh bao tdn, phat huy cac gia tri van hoa phi vat the nam 2004" do Bd Van hoa Thdng tin chi dao thuc thi. Du an nay do Sd Van hoa Thdng tin Ninh Binh thuc hien, vdi su hudng dan true tiep ciia Vien Van hoa Thdng tin thudc Bd Van hoa Thdng tin. Sd Van hoa Thdng tin Ninh Binh - Co quan thuc hien du an tran trong gidi thieu, bao cao ket qua du an nay. Ninh Binh, ngdy 30 thdng 6 ndm 2004 Chu nhiem ehuong trinh GIAM DOC S6 VAN HOA THONG TIN NINH BINH Biii Xudn Cic. OE KOI (B/O (BAO^Lji^q m^TK^KE PHAN THir NHAT LANG NON KHE VA LI HOI BAO BAN TRUYEN THONG • • I- MAY NET CO BAN VE LANG NON KHE. Lang Ndn Khe thudc xa Yen Tijr, huyen Yen Md tinh Ninh Binh. Ndn Khe each tinh ly - thi xa Ninh Binh khoang 25 km ve phia tay nam, each huyen ly Yen Md (thi tran Ngd) 5km vl hudng ddng nam, theo dudng 59B. Phia bac giap vdi xa Yen Phong, phia nam giap vdi sdng But (phan tiS'p ndi vdi sdng Vac), phia tay tiep giap vdi sdng Trinh, phia ddng giap vai lang Quang Tijr ciing xa. Lang phan bd thanh 4 xdm la: xdm Chiia, xdm Thugng, xdm Trung va xdm Cau, vdi tong sd tren 400 hd gia dinh. Qua thdng ke, ca lang cd tdi 26 ddng ho da trai qua hon 20 the h6, trong dd ddng ngudi hon la tam ddng ho (dugc dan lang menh danh "chinh thdng"): ho Bui, Dinh, Pham, Cao, Mai, Le, Tran, Nguyin. Ho Biii d day dugc menh danh la ho "chiem xa", "ho gdc" (khai hoang lap ap dau tien, sdm hon so vdi cac cu dan thudc cac ho khac trong lang). Vl t^n goi Ndn Khe, cac cu gia ngudi lang giai thich nhu sau: "Ndn" (cdn goi la Nudn) cd nghia la "non tre" "Khe" nghia la "sudi" Ndn khe cd nghia la: "Ddng sudi mdi khai nguon". Sd dl cd ten lang Ndn Khe vi: vao thdi hau Le (Khoang nhirng nam 1470 - 1479 mot sd ngudi dan tir viing Luc Ndn Nam Chau (nay thudc huyen Binh Luc, tinh Ha Nam) di cu den vung dat cdn hoang so nay de khai kh^n dat dai, sinh co lap nghiep. Theo toe pha ho Bui Ndn Khe, nam 1470 cu Bui Cdng Man (dugc dan lang tdn vinh la "Cu Bui chiem xa") tijr Nam Luc Non den noi day khai OE KOI mo (BATHLATHq 3<6^%^ hoang lap a'p. Ve phia tay khu ap mdi lap cd mdt con sudi nho rat dep, ngudn nudc mat lanh. Cu Bui Cdng Man ciing cac cu la thuy td cua cac ddng hg d day ben lay chQ "Ndn" la chii cudi cua ten que cQ ghep lai vdi chii "Khe", dat ten la Ndn Khe vdi y nghia, tam nguyen la lang que mdi cd ddng sudi mdi dugc khai ngudn, xanh tuoi, trong mat. Cu lam sd ta'u trinh iSn vua (nien hieu Hdng Diic) va dugc nha vua ra sac chi cdng nhan ten lang Ngn Khe. Cu lai diing ra phan chia diu rugng dat da dugc khai khdn cho dan lang. Mudn den lang Ndn Khe cd the di bang hai tuyen dudng, dudng bd va dudng thuy nhu sau: - Dudng bg: Tir thi xa Ninh Binh theo Qudc Id lA (tuyen Ninh Binh- Thanh Hoa 9 km den nga ba Binh Son, re trai theo dudng 5B 10 km, den chg Ldng (Yen Phong), di tiep khoang 2 km la den noi. - Dudng thuy: Tit ben Non Nudc (thi xa Ninh Binh) di thuyen theo ddng sdng Van 6 km den nga ba sdng Cau Yen, re trai vao sdng Vac, di 15 km den ben dd Diic Hau (xa Khanh Hdng), re trai vao sdng cau But khoang 3 km, re phai vao sdng Trinh di khoang 500 m la den Ndn Khe. Tii thud lang Ndn Khe mdi dugc khai lap, vao thdi Le So, vua Le Thanh Tdng cho dap con de ngan nudc man vung bai bdi ven bien de md rgng dat dai canh tac, rugng dat noi day trd nen mau md, tien lgi san xuat va xdm lang qua mdi nam mdt trd nen tru phii. Trai qua cac thdi ky lich sir cho den nay, lang Ndn Khe ndi tieng khap gan xa ve sir doan ket cdng ddng lang xa, su tuong than tuong ai trong lam an sinh sdng, sinh hoat thudng ngay va ndi tieng vl nhiing thuan phong my tuc the hi6n rd nhat trong sinh hoat van hoa dan gian, ll hdi truyin thdng. Qua hai cugc khang chien chdng thuc dan Phap va de qudc My, rat ddng dao nhiing ngudi dan lang Ndn Khe (gdm 4 xdm da neu tren) da hang hai len dudng chien dau va phuc vu chien dau bao ve td qudc, que huong. L<E KOI mo (BymcMfq wdw^c^ Trong sd dd cd tdi 95 ngudi da anh diing hy sinh, trd thanh nhiing anh hiing, liet sy; mdt sd la thuong binh. Dan lang Ndn Khe tir xa xua den ngay nay ndi tieng vl hieu hge, xua kia lang cd nhilu ngudi dd dat cao. Hien nay cd hang chuc tien sy va thae sy, hang tram cii nhan, can bd da hoac dang cdng tac d nhieu nganh trong ca nudc, thg ky thuat cd tay nghi cao la ngudi lang Ndn Khe. Hang nam, vao dip let Nguyen dan dae biet la vao dip Ll hdi Bao ban, ddng dao nhung gia dinh, ca nhan la ngudi lang Ndn Khe dang cdng tac va lam an sinh sdng 0 nhilu tinh, thanh phd trong nudc va nudc ngoai hau het van giir le xua, chu tat trd ve de ciing nhau du 11 bao dap td tien d tai ngdi dinh lang lich sir. Ndn Khe la mdt trong sd khdng nhilu lang que trong ca nudc hien van bao tdn va phat huy dugc hau nhu toan bd cac di san van hoa truyin thdng kha phong phii, da dang, dae sac bao gdm ca van hoa vat the va phi vat the. - Cac di san van hoa vat the tieu bieu: * Dinh ldng Non Khe toa lac tai xdm Trung (mdt xdm d dia ban trung tam ciia lang). Ngdi dinh nay cd quy md kha Idn, dugc xay dung tii thdi Hau Le (theo truyin thuyet dan gian ma cac cu cao ludi ngudi lang kl lai). Dinh lang thd 3 danh nhan lich sii ndi tiliig, thanh hoang lang (hg Bui), 26 cu td cac ddng hg trong lang, 95 liet sy la ngudi Ndn Khe. (Khao la d muc 02, phSn thii nhat). * Chua Nghiem Khdnh Tit loa lac tai xdm Chiia Ihugc lang Ndn Khe. Ngdi chiia nay dugc tao dung each ngay nay khoang hon ba tram nam, va dugc tu sira, tdn tao nhilu lan qua cac thdi ky, giai doan lich sir. Qua lan lu sira va xay dung mdi gan day nhat - tii trudc nam 2000 den nay - \(iy cdng siic, tiln cua ciia nhan dan dia phuong ddng gdp, chua Nghiem Khanh Tu nay that bl the, khang Irang va tdn nghiem, do nha su La Nggc Ve (huy la La Thi Sdi), nay la su cu, 85 ludi (da tiing tu hanh khi mdi 5 tudi) Iru tri. LJKQI mo (BMfEjhfq mO^TQUE Trong khudn vien chiia Nghiem Khanh Tu (ve phia ben phai ngdi chiia, theo hudng di vao chua cd mdt ngdi phii, thd Lilu Hanh Cdng Chiia dugc coi la mdt trong "Tii' bat tir" d Viet Nam. * Nhd thd to ho Biii: C) xdm Trung, dugc coi la nha thd thanh hoang lang. Noi day thd cu Bui Cdng MSn la ngudi cd cdng khai dan lap ap noi day ma dan dia phuong menh danh la "Cu Bui chiem xa". Ngdi nha thd nay gdm 3 gian, tudng xay mai ngdi, cdng, tudng bao khudn vien tua nhu cac ngdi nha d trong cac lang Viet Bac Bd phd bien, than thudc. * Nhd truyen thdng Non Khe (cdn ggi la Nha van hoa lang): toa lac tren dia ban xdm Trung, gan dinh lang. Noi day diln ra cac cugc hdi hgp cua can bd va nhan dan lang Ndn Khe, cac hgi nghi. Nha truyin thdng lang Ndn Khe hi6n nay tuy chua thuc su dugc kien cd hoa (cdn Igp ngdi tay) song day la mdt cdng trinh thiet che van hoa lang thd hien dai cdn dang la kha hiem tren dia ban toan tinh. Ngdi nha truyin thdng 5 gian rdng rai, thoang dang nay dugc xay dung tren mdt gd dat ndi, toa lac giu^a mdt hd nudc rdng, vudng viic, xung quanh cd tudng xay bao bgc. De ra vao nha truyin thdng nay (tii mdt con dudng da dugc rai nhua chac chan vao den nha truyin thdng) mgi ngudi di bd qua mdt cay cau xi mang dang cong cong, xinh xan, soi bdng xudng hd nudc lung linh, lam tang them net hiiu tinh. * Cho Non Khe (Nudn Khe): la mdt "chg que" ndi tieng cua ca mot viing, da ndi tieng tii xua. Khu chg la mot khoang binh dia rdng, gan kl vdi dinh lang va nha truyin thdng Ngn Khe (cung thudc xdm Trung). Trudc kia, chg Ndn Khe ndi tieng vdi nhirng mat hang thu cdng nhu: ndn la, hang may mac va nhutig mdn qua que dae sac dugc che bien kheo leo, linh te lii cac ngudn luong thuc va thuc phdm. Hien nay chg Ndn Khe (hgp hang ngay) vSn nhdn nhip ddng vui, quy tu ngudi mua, ngudi ban den lir khap cac viing trong va ngoai huyen Yen Md, tinh Ninh Binh * Cde mon dm thuc d Non Khe: mdi viing que tren dia ban ca nudc thudng cd nhiing mdn dae san dia phuong vdi nhirng huong vi ddc dao do [...]... bi ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe cung tuong tu nhu ddi vdi cac ll hdi truyin thdng dan gian d ddng bdng Bdc Bd va trong ca nudc Tuy nhien, theo ldi nhan xet cua eae bac cao nien ngudi dia phuong thi: mdi ll hdi cd mdt sde thai rieng, vi "Dal cd thd cdng, sdng cd ha ba" va "Mdi cay mdi hoa, mdi nha mdi canh" Cu the la: -I- Viec dgn dep sira sang dinh lang chudn bi hdi ll can phai cd du ngudi dai dien cho... gai, thanh nien vl vdi hdi lang rdi da nen duyen ddi liia, trong sd dd cd nhirng ngudi nay da thanh ba, thanh dng, cu Sau budi hgp mat ddng huong, thdp huong bai yet td tien tai dinh lang thi nhiing ngudi lang tii noi xa vl se di den tham hdi cac gia dinh ba con than tdc, thdng gia, ban be than thiet Hdu het nhiing ngudi lang tii noi xa vl vdi hdi lang khi dugc hdi vl tam trang diu bdc bach nilm tu... Phii) ciing cd din Cdi Ddi ben bd sdng Trinh cung thd vg chdng Long Hoa Thuy Que tudng Nguyin Phuc Dan gian dia phuong edn luu truyin cau ca dao cd ndi dung ndi vl vdi cdng diic cua Long Hoa Thuy Que ddi vdi dan trong viing: Non Khe rau diep, hdnh hoa Co Dd dan lat nong, nia, gidn, sdng 3- Thuy TeLong Vuang Truyin thuyet dan gian dia phuong kl: Vao thdi nha Le nam ay, mot lao ndng sdm ra di tham thira... vang, dinh Ndn Khe trd thanh mdt dia diem ciia huyen Yen Md la tru sd de thu nap tiln, vang do nhan dan cac dia phuong dem den ung hd Viet Minh Thang 7 nam 1947, tai dinh lang, theo su dilu ddng, phan cdng ciia Ban chap hanh Tinh ddi, lang da cir mdt trung ddi dan quan tu ve len dudng di lam nhiem vu chien dau xudng trdn giii viing dat thudc dia phan Kim Son, Phiic Nhac Trung ddi dan quan da phdi hgp vdi... mdt khu dat bang phang cd dien lich tren hai nghin met vudng Dinh dugc bat dau xay tir thdi Hau Le (udc doan qua truyin thuyet dan gian dia phuong la tir khoang cudi the ky XVII) Theo cac cu cao tudi ngudi lang truyin ke thi thiia mdi dugc lap dung, dan lang cdn thua thdt, ddi sdng cdn khd khan nen dinh Ndn Khe cd quy md nhd, gian luge Nam Minh Menh thii: mudi bdy (1836), ngdi dinh dugc trung lu tai... banh chung vdi y nghia cua su bin lau, hgp siic, thuan le dat trdi p»— -— ^ cau ddi d dinh lang ghi: Bdch nien vdn vdt thanh danh dia Tic gidp y quan le nhac dinh Tam dich: Vung ddt trdm ndm noi tieng truyen thdng vdn vdt Bdn xom do qudn tuam tdt moi khi hgi ldng Rieng hg Biii d Ndn Khe hien cd 4 ddng hg, trai 21 ddi vdi khoang 60 hd; hg Dinh cd 8 ddng hg, trai 20 ddi vdi chiing 40 hg gia dinh 17 LE... Sau dd mdi dugc bd sung them vdi nhiing vat phdm ngoai dia phuong, tir khdp cac viing miin trong va ngoai nudc cho them phan phong phii, da dang vdi tam niem thanh kinh va udc vgng vuon len tdi mdt ddi sdng sung liic, giau dep, tuoi vui cua ngudi Ndn Khe + Viec thanh lap hdi td ldm, cd ngudi, le: la nhung cdng viec chu dao va ky ludng - Hdi td tdm mdi nam cd bd sung nhiing bai, nhung cau xudng mdi theo... Ve tieu chuan thit nhdt: Cd ddi sdng kinh te dn dinh va tirng budc phat trien: kinh te cac hg gia dinh d ca 4 xdm thudc lang Ndn Khe dae biet la tii khi tien hanh cugc ddi mdi vdi chinh saeh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ndng nghi6p ndng thdn da khdng ngiing dugc dn dinh va nang cao - so vdi thdi gian trudc kia va so vdi khdng it cac dia ban ndng thdn (ddng bang) tren dia ban Bac Bd (Qua bao cao thanh... theo nghi thiic cho sdi ddng, hap ddn khdng chi ddi vdi ngudi trong cugc ma cdn hap hdn hon vdi ngudi thudng thiic - Cac dau thii cd ngudi (ky thu) hang nam dugc chgn lira kha ky, tuy choi cd ngudi trong hdi ll la "dang ky tu do" trong khdng khi binh ddng, cdi md Nhung trudc het hg phai la nhiing tay cao cd cd lieng trong viing, lai cd dc quan sat rdng Cac ngdn choi, cac nude di da trai qua sudt qua... tich trong mdi nhdm, phe cho them lao luyen, tirng trai Phdn da sd nhiing dau thii cd ngudi d day thudc do ludi trung nien -I- Ddi hinh te' (nii quan, nam quan) hang nam, trudc ngay diln ra ll hdi thi dugc chinh ddn, hoan tat nhu: bd sung nhiing thanh vien mdi cho ddi te' do thanh vien ddi te' nam trudc da gia yeu, di xa, mua sdm bd sung dd le 11, mua sdm trang phuc, nhac cu lap te cho diing quy trinh . Phii) ciing cd din Cdi Ddi ben bd sdng Trinh cung thd vg chdng Long Hoa Thuy Que - tudng Nguyin Phuc. Dan gian dia phuong edn luu truyin cau ca dao cd ndi dung ndi vl vdi cdng diic cua Long. cd dien lich tren hai nghin met vudng. Dinh dugc bat dau xay tir thdi Hau Le (udc doan qua truyin thuyet dan gian dia phuong la tir khoang cudi the ky XVII). Theo cac cu cao tudi ngudi. ndi dung ll thiic va hdi thiic so vdi cac 11 hoi truyin thdng khac. Ll hdi Bao ban lang Ndn Khe (xa Yen Til - huyen Yen Md - linh Ninh Binh) la mot trong cac ll hdi lang ndi tieng tren dia