[...]... Timm-Heinrich, and Nina Skall Nielsen 341 22 Application of Multistep Reactions with Lipases to the Oil and Fat Industry Yuji Shimada, Toshihiro Nagao, and Yomi Watanabe 365 23 Structure-Related Effects on Absorption and Metabolism of Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids Armand B Christophe 387 24 Lipid Oxidation in Specialty Oils Karen Schaich 401 25 Trans Fatty Acids in Specialty Lipids G.R List, R.O Adlof, and. .. 17 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids 17 processes and may be prepared as nutraceutical lipids for nutritional, pharmaceutical, and medical applications These TAGs have been modified by incorporation of desired fatty acids, or by changing the fatty acid profiles from their native state in order to produce novel TAGs SLs are designed for use as nutraceutical or functional lipids These specialty lipids. .. especially EPA and DHA Cod liver, menhaden, and sardine oils contain approximately 30% EPA and DHA DK3305_C001.qxd 2/3/2006 10:35 AM 10 Page 10 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-Products FIGURE 1.3 Metabolic pathways of the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids The n-6 fatty acids exhibit various physiological functions in the human body The main functions of these fatty acids are related to their. .. 2/3/2006 10:35 AM Page 6 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-Products FIGURE 1.2 Chemical structures of the major phospholipids lipids in living organisms The acyl groups in phospholipids occur in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol moiety while a polar head group involving a phosphate is present in the sn-3 position of the molecule There are several types of phospholipids (Figure 1.2)... Application of Lipases in Synthesis of Specialty Lipids 16 1.3.6 Structured Lipids .16 1.3.6 Synthesis of Structured Lipids from Vegetable Oils and n-3 Fatty Acids 17 1.3.7 Synthesis of Structured Lipids from Marine Oils and Medium-Chain Fatty Acids 18 1.3.8 Synthesis of SBO-Based Structured Lipids 19 1.3.9 Low-Calorie Structured and Specialty Lipids .19 1.4 Low-Calorie... Parry, and Kequan Zhou 73 5 Minor Specialty Oils Frank D Gunstone 91 6 Sphingolipids Fang Fang, Hang Chen, Chi-Tang Ho, and Robert T Rosen 127 7 Modification and Purification of Sphingolipids and Gangliosides Scott Bloomer 137 8 Hydroxy Fatty Acids Thomas A McKeon, Charlotta Turner, Xiaohua He, Grace Chen, and Jiann-Tsyh Lin 153 9 Tree Nut Oils and Byproducts: Compositional Characteristics and Nutraceutical. .. incorporation of EPA (10.2%) and 10:0 (26.3%) was obtained with IM60 lipase, compared to 8.8 and 15.5%, respectively, with SP435 lipase DK3305_C001.qxd 2/3/2006 10:35 AM Page 18 18 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-Products Huang and Akoh80 used immobilized lipases IM60 from Mucor miehei and SP435 from Candida antarctica to modify the fatty acid composition of soybean oil by incorporation... G.R List, R.O Adlof, and J.W King 449 26 Tocopherols and Tocotrienols as Byproducts of Edible Oil Processing Vitamin E: A New Perspective Andreas M Papas 469 27 Plant Sterols and Steryl Esters in Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Nikolaus Weber and Kumar D Mukherjee 483 28 Phospholipids/Lecithin: A Class of Nutraceutical Lipids Frank T Orthoefer and G.R List 509 29 Centrifugal Partition Chromatography... food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries DK3305_C001.qxd 2/3/2006 10:35 AM Page 8 8 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-Products TABLE 1.4 Sterol Content of Fats and Oils Source Soybean oil Canola oil Corn oil Coconut oil Mustard oil Milk fat Lard Beef tallow Herring 1.2.9 Sterol (%) 0.7–0.9 0.4–0.5 1.0–2.3 0.08 0.06 0.3–0.35 0.12 0.08–0.10 0.4 BIOCHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM OF SHORT-CHAIN... Purification of Lipid and Related Compounds Udaya Wanasundara and Paul Fedec 30 Oilseed Medicinals: Applications in Drugs and Functional Foods Robert D Reichert Index 531 543 557 DK3305_C001.qxd 2/3/2006 1 10:35 AM Page 1 Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids Fereidoon Shahidi and S.P.J.N Senanayake* Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada CONTENTS . Nutraceutical Proteins and Peptides in Health and Disease, edited by Yoshinori Mine and Fereidoon Shahidi 5. Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-Products, edited. nutrition, and health aspects of specialty fats and oils and their co-products and to address stability issues and their potential application and delivery