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HEALTH
BEHAVIOR
AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION
Theory, Research,
and Practice
4TH EDITION
KAREN GLANZ
BARBARA K. RIMER
K. VISWANATH
Editors
Foreword by C. Tracy Orleans
Glanz.ffirs 7/2/08 11:22 AM Page iii
Glanz.ffirs 7/2/08 11:22 AM Page ii
HEALTH
BEHAVIOR
AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION
Glanz.ffirs 7/2/08 11:22 AM Page i
Glanz.ffirs 7/2/08 11:22 AM Page ii
HEALTH
BEHAVIOR
AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION
Theory, Research,
and Practice
4TH EDITION
KAREN GLANZ
BARBARA K. RIMER
K. VISWANATH
Editors
Foreword by C. Tracy Orleans
Glanz.ffirs 7/2/08 11:22 AM Page iii
Copyright © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by Jossey-Bass
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Health behavior and health education : theory, research, and practice / Karen Glanz, Barbara K.
Rimer, and K. Viswanath, editors. — 4th ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-7879-9614-7 (cloth)
1. Health behavior. 2. Health education. 3. Health promotion. I. Glanz, Karen. II. Rimer, Barbara K.
III. Viswanath, K. (Kasisomayajula)
[DNLM: 1. Health Behavior. 2. Health Education. W 85 H43415 2008]
RA776.9.H434 2008
613—dc22
2008021038
Printed in the United States of America
FOURTH EDITION
HB Printing 10987654321
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CONTENTS
Foreword xiii
C. Tracy Orleans
Tables and Figures xvii
Preface xxi
The Editors xxvii
The Contributors xxxi
PART ONE: HEALTH EDUCATION AND
HEALTH BEHAVIOR: THE FOUNDATIONS 1
ONE: THE SCOPE OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR
AND HEALTH EDUCATION 3
The Editors
Key Points 3
The Changing Context of Health Behavior 6
Health Education and Health Behavior in Context 9
Settings and Audiences for Health Education 12
Progress in Health Promotion and Health Behavior Research 16
Summary 18
TWO: THEORY, RESEARCH, AND PRACTICE
IN HEALTH BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH EDUCATION 23
The Editors
Key Points 23
Theory, Research, and Practice: Interrelations 24
What Is Theory? 26
Paradigms for Theory and Research in Health Promotion and Education 29
Trends in Use of Health Behavior Theories and Models 31
Selection of Theories for This Book 33
Fitting a Theory or Theories to Research and Practice 35
Limitations of This Book 37
Summary 38
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vi Contents
PART TWO: MODELS OF INDIVIDUAL HEALTH BEHAVIOR 41
Barbara K. Rimer
THREE: THE HEALTH BELIEF MODEL 45
Victoria L. Champion and Celette Sugg Skinner
Key Points 45
Origins of the Model 46
Description of HBM and Key Constructs 46
Evidence for the Model’s Performance 50
Measurement of HBM Constructs 51
Applications of the HBM to Mammography
and AIDS-Related Behaviors 53
Comparison of HBM to Other Theories 60
Challenges in Future HBM Research 61
Summary 62
FOUR: THEORY OF REASONED ACTION, THEORY OF PLANNED
BEHAVIOR, AND THE INTEGRATED BEHAVIORAL MODEL 67
Daniel E. Montaño and Danuta Kasprzyk
Key Points 67
Origins and Historical Development 68
Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior 70
An Integrated Behavioral Model 77
Elicitation 82
Application of IBM to HIV Prevention in Zimbabwe 82
Summary 92
FIVE: THE TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL
AND STAGES OF CHANGE 97
James O. Prochaska, Colleen A. Redding, and Kerry E. Evers
Key Points 97
Core Constructs 98
Applications of the Transtheoretical Model 108
Multiple-Behavior Change Programs 114
Limitations of the Model 116
Future Research 116
Summary 117
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Contents vii
SIX: THE PRECAUTION ADOPTION PROCESS MODEL 123
Neil D. Weinstein, Peter M. Sandman, and Susan J. Blalock
Key Points 123
How Stage Theories Address Explaining and Changing Behavior 124
The Precaution Adoption Process Model 126
Using the PAPM to Develop and Evaluate Behavior Change Interventions 131
How Stage Theories Can Be Tested 134
An Example Using Matched and Mismatched Treatments 134
Review of Research Using the PAPM 140
Criteria for Applying Stage-Based Interventions 143
Future Directions 145
Summary 145
SEVEN: PERSPECTIVES ON HEALTH BEHAVIOR
THEORIES THAT FOCUS ON INDIVIDUALS 149
Noel T. Brewer and Barbara K. Rimer
Key Points 149
Why Theory Is Needed 150
How to Decide Which Theory to Use 151
A Closer Look at Individual-Level Theories 152
Commonalities and Differences Across the Theories 157
New Constructs and Theories 160
Summary 162
PART THREE: MODELS OF INTERPERSONAL
HEALTH BEHAVIOR 167
EIGHT: HOW INDIVIDUALS, ENVIRONMENTS, AND HEALTH
BEHAVIORS INTERACT: SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY 169
Alfred L. McAlister, Cheryl L. Perry, and Guy S. Parcel
Key Points 169
Concepts of SCT 170
Applications to Health Promotion 175
Case Studies 178
New Applications 182
Limitations in Research on New SCT Applications 184
Summary 185
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viii Contents
NINE: SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT 189
Catherine A. Heaney and Barbara A. Israel
Key Points 189
Definitions and Terminology 189
Background of the Concepts 192
Relationship of Social Networks and Social Support to Health 193
Empirical Evidence on the Influence of Social Relationships 195
Translating Theory and Research into Practice 197
Social Network and Social Support Interventions 199
Health Education and Health Behavior Applications 203
Future Directions for Research and Practice 206
Summary 207
TEN: STRESS, COPING, AND HEALTH BEHAVIOR 211
Karen Glanz and Marc D. Schwartz
Key Points 211
Historical Concepts of Health, Stress, and Coping 212
The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping: Overview,
Key Constructs, and Empirical Support 213
Theoretical Extensions 220
Applications to Specific Health Behavior Research Areas 226
Research Gaps and Future Directions 229
Summary 230
ELEVEN: KEY INTERPERSONAL FUNCTIONS AND HEALTH
OUTCOMES: LESSONS FROM THEORY AND RESEARCH ON
CLINICIAN-PATIENT COMMUNICATION 237
Richard L. Street Jr. and Ronald M. Epstein
Key Points 237
Communication Between Health Care Providers and Patients:
Historical Perspective 239
Pathways Between Clinician-Patient Communication
and Health Outcomes 239
Key Functions of Clinician-Patient Communication 245
Moderators of Communication-Outcome Relationships 255
Clinician-Patient Communication: Application in
Health Education and Health Behavior 261
Directions for Future Research
Summary 263
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[...]... theory The first edition of Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice, published in 1990, was the first text to provide an in-depth analysis of a variety of theories of health behavior relevant to health education in a single volume It brought together dominant health behavior theories, research based on those theories, and examples of health education practice derived from theory... of this and previous editions of Health Behavior and Health Education—that a dynamic exchange between theory, research, and practice is critical to effective health education and promotion Just as previous editions of Health Behavior and Health Education have provided essential stewardship for many of the advances described here, this fourth edition will help us navigate the new frontiers and challenges... in health behavior and education We have sought to show how theory, research, and practice interrelate and to make each accessible and practical In this edition we have attempted to respond to changes in the science and practice of public health and health promotion, and to update the coverage of these areas in a rapidly evolving field Substantial efforts have been taken to present findings from health. .. components of theories of health behavior that are relevant to health education, (2) evaluating current applications of these theories in selected health promotion programs and interventions, and (3) identifying important future directions for research and practice in health promotion and health education The fourth edition responds to new developments in health behavior theory and the application of theory... are of broad and growing importance across many theories and models AUDIENCE Health Behavior and Health Education speaks to graduate students, practitioners, and scientists who spend part or all of their time in the broad arenas of health behavior change, health promotion, and health education; the text will help them both understand the theories and apply them in practical settings Practitioners, as... evaluation and research The second (1996) and third (2002) editions of Health Behavior and Health Education updated and improved on the earlier volume People around the world are using this book, and it has been translated into multiple languages, including recent Japanese and Korean editions It has been over five years since the release of the third edition; the fourth edition of Health Behavior and Health. .. of Health Education at Temple University in Philadelphia She received her M.P.H (1977) and Ph.D (1979) degrees in health behavior and health education from the University of Michigan Glanz’s research and academic interests have been in the area of health behavior change program development and evaluation, community nutrition environments, cancer prevention and control, ethnic differences in health behavior, ... than their parents, and the spreading epidemic of obesity among children and adults threatens staggering global health and economic tolls The four leading behavioral risks factors and a great many others (for example, nonadherence to prescribed medical screening and prevention and disease management practices, risky sexual practices, drug use, family and gun violence, worksite and motor vehicle injuries)... of health behavior and education practice: the individual, the interpersonal or group level, and the community or aggregate level Each of these parts has several chapters, and ends with a perspectives chapter that synthesizes the preceding chapters Part Two focuses on theories of individual health behavior, and its chapters focus on variables within individuals that influence their health behavior and. .. theories and models have been codified, tested, and supported by empirical evidence Of necessity, some promising emerging theories were not included The first three editions of Health Behavior and Health Education grew out of the editors’ own experiences, frustrations, and needs, as well as their desire to synthesize the diverse literatures and to draw clearly the linkages between theory, research, and practice . and Audiences for Health Education 12
Progress in Health Promotion and Health Behavior Research 16
Summary 18
TWO: THEORY, RESEARCH, AND PRACTICE
IN HEALTH. SCOPE OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR
AND HEALTH EDUCATION 3
The Editors
Key Points 3
The Changing Context of Health Behavior 6
Health Education and Health Behavior
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