spine = 1.09375" 592 page count Simmons Carstarphen Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Companion eBook Available THE EXPERT’S VOICE ® IN SQL SERVER Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Ken Simmons and Sylvester Carstarphen A real-world guide providing productive and proactive database administration techniques for SQL Server 2008. this print for content only—size & color not accurate BOOKS FOR PROFESSIONALS BY PROFESSIONALS ® Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Dear Reader, SQL Server has become such a broad product with so many features that it can seem overwhelming at times. Database administrators today need to be up to speed on a broad variety of topics and technologies, spanning the gamut from auditing in support of regulatory compliance to high-availability technologies like mirroring and clustering. Soft skills are important, too. In a single day, you might go from a query optimization problem in the morning to a meeting with executives in the afternoon. One minute you’re buried in the minutiae of SQL, and the next you’re at the 10,000-foot level planning for future growth. You need an edge. We’ve spent countless hours throughout our careers build- ing our administration skills. We know that sometimes the hardest part of learn- ing something is figuring out what to learn, and that’s why we wrote this book. We aim to provide you with the information necessary to be a successful data- base administrator by focusing on the core concepts required to administer and manage SQL Server. We cover the foundational topics that you expect, such as installation, index creation, and backup and recovery. We talk about the new features available in SQL Server 2008 that will make your job easier. We cover soft skills in our chapter on excelling as a SQL Server administrator. In addi- tion, we cover some of the latest business- and regulatory-driven topics, such as auditing and managing security. Database administration is a tough job. But its demanding nature and the occasional, crisis-induced adrenaline rush are part of what make the job so fun and rewarding. We wrote Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration to help prepare you for the challenge—to help you design and create a database environment that will stand up under stress. We want you to succeed, just as we have in our own careers. We hope you enjoy reading Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration as much as we have enjoyed writing it. Sincerely, Ken Simmons and Sylvester Carstarphen Ken Simmons US $49.99 Shelve in Databases/SQL Server User level: Intermediate–Advanced CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK PANTONE 123 C THE APRESS ROADMAP Beginning SQL Server 2008 Administration Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Pro SQL Server 2008 Failover Clustering www.apress.com SOURCE CODE ONLINE Companion eBook See last page for details on $10 eBook version ISBN 978-1-4302-2373-3 9 781430 223733 54999 Sylvester Carstarphen Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Ken Simmons and Sylvester Carstarphen Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Copyright © 2009 by Ken Simmons and Sylvester Carstarphen All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2373-3 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2374-0 Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Lead Editor: Jonathan Gennick Technical Reviewer: Rodney Landrum Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary Cor- nell, Jonathan Gennick, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Project Manager: Beth Christmas Copy Editor: Kim Benbow Associate Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony Production Editor: Laura Esterman Compositor: Jill Flores Proofreader: Kim Burton Indexer: Becky Hornyak Artist: April Milne Cover Designer: Kurt Krames Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail orders-ny@springer-sbm.com, or visit http://www.springeronline.com. For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600, Berkeley, CA 94705. Phone 510-549-5930, fax 510-549-5939, e-mail info@apress.com, or visit http://www. apress.com. Apress and friends of ED books may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use. eBook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Special Bulk Sales–eBook Licensing web page at http://www.apress.com/info/bulksales. The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every precau- tion has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indi- rectly by the information contained in this work. The source code for this book is available to readers at http://www.apress.com. I want to dedicate this book to my wife Susan and son Nathan. Writing a book takes a lot of time and hard work, and they have definitely given me the support and encouragement I needed throughout the process. —Ken Simmons This book is dedicated to my loving wife, Kimberly, who motivated me when I was tired, encouraged me when I was down, and never complained when I spent all weekend writing. Thanks for all of your support. I love you. —Sylvester Carstarphen iv Contents at a Glance About the Authors xix About the Technical Reviewer xx Acknowledgments xxi Introduction xxiii PART 1 ■ ■ ■ Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 CHAPTER 1 New Feature Overview 3 CHAPTER 2 Pre-Installation Considerations 21 CHAPTER 3 Choosing a High-Availability Solution 43 PART 2 ■ ■ ■ Getting Started CHAPTER 4 Installing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 69 CHAPTER 5 Upgrading to Microsoft SQL Server 2008 111 CHAPTER 6 Post-Installation 143 PART 3 ■ ■ ■ Administering Microsoft SQL Server 2008 CHAPTER 7 Multi-Server Administration 177 CHAPTER 8 Managing Security Within the Database Engine 209 CHAPTER 9 Administering Database Objects 251 CHAPTER 10 Indexing for Performance 297 CHAPTER 11 Managing Backups 343 CHAPTER 12 Restore and Recovery Strategies 371 CHAPTER 13 Automating Routine Maintenance 413 ■CONTENTS AT A GLANCE v PART 4 ■ ■ ■ Troubleshooting and Tuning CHAPTER 14 Monitoring Your Server 451 CHAPTER 15 Auditing SQL Server 479 CHAPTER 16 Managing Query Performance 495 PART 5 ■ ■ ■ Conclusion CHAPTER 17 Secrets to Excelling As a Professional DBA 527 CHAPTER 18 What’s Next? 537 INDEX 545 vii Contents About the Authors xix About the Technical Reviewer xx Acknowledgments xxi Introduction xxiii PART 1 ■ ■ ■ Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 CHAPTER 1 New Feature Overview 3 Scalability Enhancements 4 Filtered Indexes and Statistics 4 Table and Query Hints 5 Query Performance and Processing 5 Manageability Enhancements 5 Auditing 6 Change Data Capture 6 Change Tracking 6 Backup Compression 6 Data Collector 7 Central Management Servers 7 Policy-Based Management 7 Resource Governor 8 PowerShell 8 Availability Enhancements 8 Database Mirroring 8 Clustering 9 Peer-to-Peer Replication 9 Hot-Add CPU 9 Programmability Enhancements 10 Variables 10 Transact-SQL Row Constructors 11 ■CONTENTS viii Table-Valued Parameters 12 MERGE Statement 14 GROUPING SETS Operator 17 Security Enhancements 20 Transparent Data Encryption 20 Extensible Key Management 20 Summary 20 CHAPTER 2 Pre-Installation Considerations 21 Choosing a SQL Server Edition 21 Enterprise Edition 22 Standard Edition 23 Developer Edition 24 Workgroup Edition 25 Web Edition 25 Express Edition 26 Determining Hardware Requirements 27 Determining CPU Needs 29 Disk Subsystems 31 Database Sizing 32 Determining RAID Levels 34 Final Disk Storage Configuration 36 Determining Memory Requirements 36 Choosing the Server 37 SQL Server Consolidation 38 Consolidation with Virtual Servers 40 Summary 41 CHAPTER 3 Choosing a High-Availability Solution 43 What Exactly Is High Availability Anyway? 43 Failover Clustering 44 Key Terms 44 Failover Clustering Overview 45 Pros and Cons of Failover Clustering 48 Database Mirroring 48 Key Terms 48 Database Mirroring Overview 49 High-Safety Mode 50 [...]... 110 CHAPTER 5 Upgrading to Microsoft SQL Server 2008 111 Upgrade Tools 111 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Upgrade Advisor 111 Upgrade Assistant 118 SQL Server Integration Services 119 Running DTS in SQL Server 2008 119... in MSSQL Server and NET He has been working in the IT industry since 2000 and currently holds certifications for MCP, MCAD, MCSD, MCDBA, and MCTS for SQL 2005 Ken is highly active in the in the online community and often participates in the SQL forums on MSDN and SQLServerCentral.com He enjoys sharing tips by writing articles for SQLServerCentral.com and MSSQLTips.com He has also formed a SQL Server. .. There will be a tag on both blogs (called Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration) that you can use to filter posts directly related to the book Please include the book title in any emails to help us identify questions or comments about the book P A R T 1 Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 CHAP TER 1 New Feature Overview T he release of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 has introduced many new features that... impact on database administration and will be covered in great detail throughout the book Figure 1-1 shows the same expanded view of the Management Studio Object Explorer in SQL Server 2005 (left) and SQL Server 2008 (right) Even at a quick glance, you can see there are several new features available in SQL Server 2008 You should also note that there are a couple of features in the SQL Server 2005 Object... predefined system collection sets Central Management Servers You can create a central management server in SQL Server 2008 in order to maintain a collection or grouping of servers, much like registered servers in previous versions Unlike registered servers, the server you designate as a central management server stores all of the information about the participating servers in the msdb database Since the information... supports up to 16 node clusters, enabling SQL Server 2008 to take full advantage of this architecture ■ Caution While Windows Server 2008 no longer requires clustered nodes to be on the same subnet, this feature is not currently supported in SQL Server 2008 Peer-to-Peer Replication The concept of peer-to-peer replication was introduced in SQL Server 2005 so that multiple servers could act as both a publisher... idea He is a regular contributor to SQL Server Magazine online, SQLServerCentral.com, and Simple-Talk, the latter of which he sporadically blogs on about SQL and his plethora of geek tattoos Rodney also speaks regularly on SQL topics at such events as SQL Saturday in Florida, his home state His day job finds him overseeing the health and well-being of a large SQL Server infrastructure in Pensacola,... more robust scripts when T -SQL may not be a viable solution PowerShell is now integrated into SQL Server 2008 and can even be executed in a job step using SQL Server Agent Select PowerShell as the step type and insert the script, just as you would with T -SQL or an ActiveX script There is an extensive script library located at http://powershell.com/ that includes several SQL Server scripts along with... these are not necessarily SQL Server changes, SQL Server does reap the benefits The new Windows Server 2008 Cluster Validation tool allows you to run through validation tests on your cluster configuration to ensure the cluster is configured correctly without having to search the hardware compatibility list (HCL) to ensure the server configuration will be supported Windows Server 2008 also supports up to... in SQL Server 2008 The new FORCESEEK table hint has also been added, which allows you to force an index seek on a table in the execution plan The FORCESEEK table hint is useful when a query plan may be using an index scan to access the data, causing an excessive number of reads Query Performance and Processing Several enhancements have been made in SQL Server 2008 to improve query performance and processing . count Simmons Carstarphen Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Companion eBook Available THE EXPERT’S VOICE ® IN SQL SERVER Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Ken. accurate BOOKS FOR PROFESSIONALS BY PROFESSIONALS ® Pro SQL Server 2008 Administration Dear Reader, SQL Server has become such a broad product with so many