[...]... as Fortran has evolved considerably from its origins in the mid-1950s, through the first standard in 1966, the Fortran 77 standard, the Fortran 90 standard, the Fortran 95 standard, TR 15580 and TR 15581, Fortran 2003 and Fortran 2008 It helps to put many of the current and proposed features of Fortran into I Chivers and J Sleightholme, Introduction to Programming with Fortran: With Coverage of Fortran. .. in Fortran for numeric programming in the first instance and for general purpose programming in the second Each chapter has a set of problems It is essential that a reasonable range of problems are attempted and completed, as it is impossible to learn any language without practice • Chapter 4 provides an introduction to programming with some simple Fortran examples For people with a knowledge of programming. .. concepts involved in problem solving To introduce the concept of an algorithm To introduce two ways of approaching algorithmic problem solving To introduce the ideas involved with systems analysis and design, i.e., to show the need for pencil and paper study before using a computer system I Chivers and J Sleightholme, Introduction to Programming with Fortran: With Coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, 2008 and... problems are tackled, top-down becomes one of the most effective methods for programming 2.5.2 Bottom-Up Bottom-up is the reverse to top-down! As before you start by defining the problem at a high level, e.g., prepare a meal However, now there is an examination of what tools, etc you have available to solve the problem This method lends itself to teaching since a repertoire of tools can be built up... will be called Fortran C.A.R Hoare 1.1 Introduction The book aims to provide coverage of a reasonable working subset of the Fortran programming language The subset chosen should enable you to solve quite a wide range of frequently occurring problems This book has been written for both complete beginners with little or no programming background and experienced Fortran programmers who want to update their... in Fortran, as we have now covered modules in a bit more depth Chapter 23 looks briefly at operator overloading, first introduced in Fortran 90 Chapter 24 looks at generic programming Chapter 25 has a small set of mathematical examples Chapter 26 introduces object oriented programming in Fortran Chapters 27 through 30 look at parallel programming in Fortran with coverage of MPI, OpenMP and Coarray Fortran. .. not be able to speak to a 2.8 Systems Analysis and Design 13 Frenchman and be understood A good example of the case study approach is given in the book Software Tools, by Kernighan and Plauger In this book our aim is to gradually introduce more and more tools until you know enough to approach the problem using the top-down method, and also realise from time to time that it will be necessary to develop... the Fortran language Our first intention has been to produce a coverage of the features that will get you started with Fortran and enable you to solve a range of problems successfully All in all Fortran is an exciting language, and it has caught up with language developments of the last 50 years Several Fortran compilers have been used whilst writing this book These include: • • • • • • • • • • • NAG Fortran. .. also Editor of Fortran Forum, the SIGPLAN Special Interest Publication on Fortran, ACM Press Visit http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=J286 for more information 1.2 Program Examples All of the program examples are available on line at http://www.fortranplus.co.uk/ 1.3 Further Reading Mastery of any programming language requires working with technical documentation You will have to refer to or use... compiler may come with documentation Here are some details for a number of compilers 6 1 1.3.3.1 Overview g95 A manuals is available at http://ftp.g95.org/G95Manual .pdf Visit http://www.g95.org/index.shtm for up to date information 1.3.3.2 gfortran Manuals are available at http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/GFortran#manuals The following http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.5.2/gfortran .pdf is a 236 page pdf 1.3.3.3 . alt="" Introduction to Programming with Fortran Ian Chivers • Jane Sleightholme Introduction to Programming with Fortran With Coverage of Fortran 90,. Bibliography 17 3 Introduction to Programming Languages 19 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Some Early Theoretical Work 20 3.3 What Is a Programming Language?