Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh Cu trúc so sánh Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 1 - A. COMAPRISONS OF EQUALITY (SO SÁNH BNG) As + adj/adv + as She’s as tall as her brother. She speaks English as well as her classmates. As + much/little + noun (count) + as I try to spend as little money as possible. He doesn’t love her as much as she thought. As + many/few + Noun (count) + as You can ask Ms. Hong for as many handouts as you want. As + many/much + as + cm N (ch s lng) There are sometimes as many as 100 students in our class. Some of these fish can weigh as much as 80kg. Trong so sánh bng ph đnh các em s dng cu trúc: 1. Not … as + adj/adv + as 2. Not … so + adj/adv + as Mary isn’t as/so sensitive as her mother. (Khi đng t chính lƠ to be thì NOT đng ngay trc so hoc as) He doesn’t work as hard as other members in his group. (Khi đng t chnh trong cơu lƠ đng t thng thì NOT đng sau tr đng t) She can’t type so quickly as the old typist. (Khi trong cơu có đng t Modal verb thì NOT đng sau modal verb.) As + adj + a/an + Noun + as Despite her disability, she tries to lead as normal a life as other girls do. Not as/so + adj + a/an + Noun Not such (a/an) + adj + Noun He is not so good a player as her used to be = He is not such a good player as her used to be.  nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh, các em có th thêm mt s trng t phía trc theo cu trúc sau: (not) nearly/almost/exactly/just/nothing like/every bit/not quite + as … + as I’m not quite as tired as I was yesterday. She is every bit as nice as her sister.  din đt so sánh hn gp my ln thì các em s dng cu trúc so sánh bng nhng phía trc as … as phi có trng ng hoc cm t ch s lng. Half + as … as + … The journey took half as long as I expected. She will never get married to a man who is twice as old as her. He speaks three times as much as his roommate. CU TRÚC SO SÁNH (TÀI LIU THAM KHO) Giáo viên: NGUYN NGC ANH ây là tài liu tham kho “Cu trúc so sánh” thuc khóa hc Luyn thi i hc môn Ting Anh –cô Nguyn Ngc Anh.  có th nm vng toàn b kin thc ôn thi Tt nghip và i hc môn Ting Anh, Bn nên tham gia khóa hc Luyn thi i hc môn Ting Anh – cô Nguyn Ngc Anh ti Hocmai.vn. Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh Cu trúc so sánh Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 2 - Twice + as … as + … Three times + as … as + … B. COMPARATIVE (SO SỄNH HN) Example Rules One-syllable adjectives The number of channels is greater than the number of lakes. Adj + er + than Two-syllable adjectives ending English is easier to learn than French. Adj(yi) + er + than Adjectives with two or more than two syllables This map is more helpful than that one. She is more tired than Jack. More + adj + than Irregular comparative adjectives His explanation is better than yours. The new service for customer in your company is worse than the previous one. Good/well  better Bad  worse Far  Farther/further Little  less; much  more Few  fewer; many  more Old  older/elder  nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh hn các em chú ý s dng mt s cm t sau đt trc tính t so sánh: 1. Much/far/very much/a lot/a little/even + adj (so sánh hn) She is far lazier than what we expect. Your cooking is even worse than Harry’s 2. Cm t ch s lng + tính t (so sánh hn)  She’s three years younger than her husband. (Chú ý : không dùng very trc tính t so sánh; very ch nhn mnh cho tính t hoc trng t  trng thái không so sánh) C. SUPERATIVE (SO SÁNH TUYT I/SO SỄNH HN NHT) So sánh hn nht là so sánh gia 3 ngi hoc 3 vt tr lên vi nhau. Luôn s dng mo t “the” trc các tính t so sánh hn. Example Rules One-syllable adjectives Cuu Long river is the longest one in Vietnam The + Adj + est Two-syllable adjectives ending Our machine is the noisiest in the factory. The + Adj(yi) + est Adjectives with two or more than two syllables That robot is the most intelligent in our lab. She is the most active girl I’ve ever met. The + Most + adj Irregular comparative adjectives He’s the best looking man we’ve ever seen. Good/well  the best Bad  the worst Far  the farthest/furthest Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh Cu trúc so sánh Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 3 - Little  the lest; Many/much  the most Old  the oldest/eldest 1.  nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh hn nht các em chú ý s dng mt s cm t sau đt trc tính t so sánh hn nht: By far/quite/almost/practically/nearly/easily + adj (so sánh tuyt đi)  He’s by far the most imaginative of them all. I’m nearly the oldest in this company. 2. S dng đng t nguyên th “to V” sau cu trúc so sánh:  She’s is the youngest ever to receive that prize. D. SO SÁNH KÉM Trong cu trúc so sánh kém ch cn thêm “less” trc các tính t, không phân bit âm tit. Eg: He’s less rich than his brother. She seems less attractive than her sister. E. PARALLEL COMPARISON (SO SÁNH KÉP) The + adj/adv (so sánh hn) + S1 + V1, the + adj/adv (so sánh hn) + S2 + V2: C c /càng càng The older she becomes, the more beautiful she gets. The more you learn, the more you forget. The more you forget, the better you know. The better you know, the more you learn. NOTE 1. So sánh hn vit li câu bng so sánh bng ph đnh và ngc li He’s better-qualified than his colleagues = His colleagues are not as well-qualified as him. 2. Mt s tính t có 2 âm tit không kt thúc bng “y” nhng khi so sánh hn li thêm “er” và so sánh hn nht thêm “est”. Narrow – Narrower – Narrowest simple – simpler – simplest Clever – Cleverer – Cleverest quiet – quieter – quietest 3. Phân bit farther vi further; the farthest vi the furthest Father/the farthest: là đ ch khong cách thc t v đa lí. It is farther from here to my house than to his. Further/the furthest: là din đt mt khái nim xa hn/xa nht mang tính tru tng (đng ngha vi more/the most) I’d like further information about the English classes of Ms.Hong’s (further information = more information) That footballer has the furthest practice during this training season. (the furthest practice = the most practice) S dng đi t ch đnh that/those trong cu trúc so sánh: Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh Cu trúc so sánh Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 4 - Tránh lp li danh t trong mt câu so sánh, các em s dng that đ thay th danh t đm đc s ít hoc danh t không đm đc và those đ thay th danh t đm đc s nhiu. The water of Dead Sea is saltier than that of the Pacific Ocean (that đ thay th water) The students in Ms.Hong’s class are more hard-working than those in the next door one. (those thay th students) Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh Ngun : Hocmai.vn . Ngc Anh Cu trúc so sánh Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 5 8-5 8-1 2 - Trang | 4 - Tránh lp li danh t trong. hoc trng t  trng thái không so sánh) C. SUPERATIVE (SO SÁNH TUYT I /SO SỄNH HN NHT) So sánh hn nht là so sánh gia 3 ngi hoc 3 vt tr