Public Administration and Public Policy/87 Handbook of Organizational Behavior Second Edition, Revised and Expanded edited by Robert T. Golembiewski Handbook of Organizational Behavior PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY A Comprehensive Publication Program Executive Editor JACK RABIN Professor of Public Administration and Public Policy School of Public Affairs The Capital College The Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg Middletown, Pennsylvania 1. Public Administration as a Developing Discipline (in two parts), Robert T. Golem- 2. Comparative National Policies on Health Care, Milton I. Roemer, M.D. 3. Exclusionary Injustice: The Problem of //legally Obtained Evidence, Steven R. Schles- 4. Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process, Jay M. Shafritz, Walter 5. Organization Development in Public Administration (in two parts), edited by Robert T. 6. Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Second Edition, Revised and Ex- 7. Approaches to Planned Change (in two parts), Robert T. Golembiewski 8. Program Evaluation at HEW (in three parts), edited by James G. Abert 9. The States and the Metropolis, Patricia S. Florestano and Vincent L. Marando biewski inger L. Balk, Albert C. Hyde, and David H. Rosenbloom Golembiewski and William B. Eddy panded, Ferrel Heady 10. Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Jay M. Shafritz, Albert C. Hyde, and David H. Rosenbloom 11. Changing Bureaucracies: Understanding the Organization Before Selecting the Ap- proach, William A. Medina 12. Handbook on Public Budgeting and Financial Management, edited by Jack Rabin and Thomas D. Lynch 13. Encyclopedia of Policy Studies, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 14. Public Administration and Law: Bench v. Bureau in the United States, David H. Rosen- 15. Handbook on Public Personnel Administration and Labor Relations, edited by Jack 16. Public Budgeting and Finance: Behavioral, Theoretical, and Technical Perspectives, 17. Organizational Behavior and Public Management, Debra W. Stewart and G. David 18. The Politics of Terrorism: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Michael 19. Handbook of Organization Management, edited by William B. Eddy 20. Organization Theory and Management, edited by Thomas D. Lynch 21. Labor Relations in the Public Sector, Richard C. Kearney 22. Politics and Administration: Woodrow Wilson and American Public Administration, 23. Making and Managing Policy: Formulation, Analysis, Evaluation, edited by G. Ronald bloom Rabin, Thomas Vocino, W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller Third Edition, edited by Robert T. Golembiewski and Jack Rabin Garson Stohl edited by Jack Rabin and James S. Bowman Gilbert 24. Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Third Edition, Revised, Ferrel 25. Decision Making in the Public Sector, edited by Lloyd G. Nigro 26. Managing Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, Samuel Humes, and Brian S. Morgan 27. Public Personnel Update, edited by Michael Cohen and Robert T. Golembiewski 28. State and Local Government Administration, edited by Jack Rabin and Don Dodd 29. Public Administration: A Bibliographic Guide to the Literature, Howard E. McCurdy 30. Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process, Third Edition, Revised 31. Handbook of lnformation Resource Management, edited by Jack Rabin and Edward 32. Public Administration in Developed Democracies: A Comparative Study, edited by 33. The Politics of Terrorism: Third Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Michael 34. Handbook on Human Services Administration, edited by Jack Rabin and Marcia B. 35. Handbook of Public Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, W. Bartley Hildreth, and 36. Ethics for Bureaucrats: An Essay on Law and Values, Second Edition, Revised and 37. The Guide to the Foundations of Public Administration, Daniel W. Martin 38. Handbook of Strategic Management, edited by Jack Rabin, Gerald J. Miller, and W. 39. Terrorism and Emergency Management: Policy and Administration, William L. Waugh, 40. Organizational Behavior and Public Management: Second Edition, Revised and Ex- 41. Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration, edited by Ali 42. Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Fourth Edition, Ferrel Heady 43. Government Financial Management Theory, Gerald J. Miller 44. Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process, Fourth Edition, Revised and Expanded, Jay M. Shafritz, Norma M. Riccucci, David H. Rosenbloom, and Albert C. Hyde Heady and Expanded, Jay M. Shafritz, Albert C. Hyde, and David H. Rosenbloom M. Jackowski Donald C. Rowat Stohl Steinhauer Gerald J. Miller Expanded, John A. Rohr Bartley Hildreth Jr. panded, Michael L. Vasu, Debra W. Stewart, and G. David Garson Farazmand 45. Public Productivity Handbook, edited by Marc Holzer 46. Handbook of Public Budgeting, edited by Jack Rabin 47. Labor Relations in the Public Sector: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Richard 48. Handbook of Organizational Consultation, edited by Robert T. Golembiewski 49. Handbook of Court Administration and Management, edited by Steven W. Hays and 50. Handbook of Comparative Public Budgeting and Financial Management, edited by 51. Handbook of Organizational Behavior, edited by Robert T. Golembiewski 52. Handbook ofAdministrative Ethics, edited by Terry L. Cooper 53. Encyclopedia of Policy Studies: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by 54. Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, edited by David H. Rosenbloom and 55. Handbook of Bureaucracy, edited by Ali Farazmand 56. Handbook of Public Sector Labor Relations, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino, 57. Practical Public Management, Robert T. Golembiewski 58. Handbook of Public Personnel Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino, 59. Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Fifth Edition, Ferrel Heady 60. Handbook of Debt Management, edited by Gerald J. Miller C. Keamey Cole Blease Graham, Jr. Thomas D. Lynch and Lawrence L. Martin Stuart S. Nagel Richard D. Schwartz W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller 61. Public Administration and Law: Second Edition, David H. Rosenbloom and Rosemary 62. Handbook of Local Government Administration, edited by John J. Gargan 63. Handbook of Administrative Communication, edited by James L. Garnett and Alex- 64. Public Budgeting and Finance: Fourth Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by 65. Handbook of Public Administration: Second Edition, edited by Jack Rabin, W. Bartley 66. Handbook of Organization Theory and Management: The Philosophical Approach, 67. Handbook of Public Finance, edited by Fred Thompson and Mark T. Green 68. Organizational Behavior and Public Management: Third Edition, Revised and Ex- panded, Michael L. Vasu, Debra W. Stewart, and G. David Garson 69. Handbook of Economic Development, edited by Kuotsai Tom Liou 70. Handbook of Health Administration and Policy, edited by Anne Osborne Kilpatrick and 71. Handbook of Research Methods in Public Administration, edited by Gerald J. Miller 72. Handbook on Taxation, edited by W. Bartley Hildreth and James A. Richardson 73. Handbook of Comparative Public Administration in the Asia-Pacific Basin, edited by 74. Handbook of Global Environmental Policy and Administration, edited by Dennis L. 75. Handbook of State Government Administration, edited by John J. Gargan 76. Handbook of Global Legal Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 77. Handbook of Public lnformation Systems, edited by G. David Garson 78. Handbook of Global Economic Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 79. Handbook of Strategic Management: Second Edition, Revised and ,Expanded, edited 80. Handbook of Global lnternational Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 81. Handbook of Organizational Consultation: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, 82. Handbook of Global Political Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 83. Handbook of Global Technology Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel 84. Handbook of Criminal Justice Administration, edited by M. A. DuPont-Morales, 85. Labor Relations in the Public Sector: Third Edition, edited by Richard C. Kearney 86. Handbook of Administrative Ethics: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by 87. Handbook of Organizational Behavior: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited 88. Handbook of Global Social Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel and Amy Robb O’Leary ander Kouzmin Robert T. Golembiewski and Jack Rabin Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller edited by Thomas D. Lynch and Todd J. Dicker James A. Johnson and Marcia L. Whicker Hoi-kwok Wong and Hon S. Chan Soden and Brent S. Steel by Jack Rabin, Gerald J. Miller, and W. Bartley Hildreth edited by Robert T. Golembiewski Michael K. Hooper, and Judy H. Schmidt Terry L. Cooper by Robert T. Golembiewski i Additional Volumes in Preparation Handbook of Public Quality Management, edited by Ronald J. Stupak and Peter M. Leitner Handbook of Crisis and Emergency Management, edited by Ali Farazmand Handbook of Public Management Practice and Reform, edited by Kuotsai Tom Liou Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Ali Farazmand Principles and Practices of Public Administration [on-line text], edited by Jack Rabin, Robert Munzenrider, and Sherrie Bartell Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Sixth Edition, Revised and Expanded, Ferrel Heady Principles and Practices of Public Administration [on-line text], edited by Jack Rabin, Robert Munzenrider, and Sherrie Bartell ANNALS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1. Public Administration: History and Theory in Contemporary Perspective, edited by 2. Public Administration Education in Transition, edited by Thomas Vocino and Richard 3. Centenary lssues of the Pendleton Act of 1883, edited by David H. Rosenbloom with 4. Intergovernmental Relations in the 198Us, edited by Richard H. Leach 5. Criminal Justice Administration: Linking Practice and Research, edited by William A. Joseph A. Uveges, Jr. Heimovics the assistance of Mark A. Emmett Jones, Jr. This Page Intentionally Left Blank Handbook of Organizational Behavior Second Edition, Revised and Expanded edited by Robert T. Golembiewski The University of Georgia Athens, Georgia MARCEL m MARCEL DEKKER, INC. NEW YORK BASEL DEKKER Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of organizational behavior/edited by Robert T. Golembiewski-2nd ed., rev. and expanded. p. cm (Public administration and public policy) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8247-0393-6 (alk. paper) 1. Organizational behavior. I. Golembiewski, Robert T. 11. Series. HD58.7.H355 2000 302.3’5-dc21 00-060 I 95 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Headquarters Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue. New York, NY 10016 tel: 2 12-696-9000; fax: 2 12-685-4540 Eastern Hemisphere Distribution Marcel Dekker AG Hutgasse 4. Postfach 812, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland tel: 41-61-261-8482: fax: 41-61-261-8896 World Wide Web http://www.dekker.com The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, write to Special Sales/Professional Marketing at the headquarters address above. Copyright 0 2001 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. AI1 Rights Reserved. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic or mechanical. including photocopying, microfilming. and recording. or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Current printing (last digit): 10987654321 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA [...]... Claus W Langfred,Ph.D AssistantProfessor of OrganizationalBehavior John M Olin School of Business, Washington university, St Louis, Missouri Paul R Lawrence Donham Professor Emeritus of Organizational Behavior, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts Edwin A Locke, Ph.D Professor, R H Smith School of Business, University of Maryland at College Park, College... Department of Political Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, Astrid M Richardsen, Ph.D Tromso TromsQ, Norway Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Paul M Roman, Ph.D Research Professor of Sociology, Institute for Behavioral Research, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Julie I A Rowney,Ph.D Calgary Alberta, Canada Professor, Faculty of Management, The University of Calgary,... FamilyFoundationProfessor of Technology andInnovation Management, Department of Production Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark Robert T Golembiewski, A.B., M.A., Ph.D., Ph.Sc(Hon) Research Professor of Management, Department of Political Science, The University of Georgia Athens, Georgia Stanley G Harris, Ph.D Associate Professor, Department of Management Auburn University, Auburn Alabama Stevan E Hobfoll, Ph.D Professor... The Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus, Denmark Gordon A.Walter, Ph.D Associate Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration, University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Myron L Weber,Ph.D Associate Professor, Faculty of Management,TheUniversity Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada of Julia Welch, B.A Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Michigan Business... Instructor 11, Department of Human Resources and Organization Dynamics, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Uma Jain, Fellow, IIMA President, Nexus for Consulting in Self and Systems Development, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Arne L Kalleberg, Ph.D Kenan Professor, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina MartinKilduff,Ph.D Professor of OrganizationalBehavior,Department... Project The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada David L Cooperrider, M.S., Ph.D AssociateProfessor and Chair,SocialInnovation in Global Management for Human Cooperation and Global Action (SIGMA), Department of Organizational Behavior, Weatherehead School Management, Case Western University, Cleveof land Ohio Taylor Cox, Jr., Ph.D Associate Professor, Department of Organizational Behavior... RobertF.Durant,Ph.D Henry A Rosenberg Professor of Public, Private, and Nonprofit Partnerships, School of Public Affairs and Schaefer Center for Public Policy, University of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland Hubert S Feild, Ph.D sity, Auburn, Alabama Torchmark Professor, Department of Management, Auburn Univerxiii xiv Contributors G David Garson, Ph.D Professor, Department of Political Science and Public Administration,... Ph.D Professor, Department of Strategic Management, Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Arie Shirom, Ph.D Professor, Faculty of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel William B Stevenson, Ph.D Associate Professor, Organization Studies Department, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts John Parm Ulhoi, Ph.D Professor, Department of Organization... Alabama Terry C Blum, Ph.D Professor, Department of Management, Auburn University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia IngerBojsen,M.Sc ResearchFellow,Department of Organization and Management,The Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus, Denmark Ronald J Burke, Ph.D Ontario, Canada Professor, Schulich School of Business, York University, Toronto, Allan R Cahoon, Ph.D Professor and Director Olade... Fitting a Market Metaphor to Organizational Behavior Robert T Golembiewski The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia A handbook of even the grandest ambitions cannot encompass“all of it,” and so it is with the present example of the genre, which deals with organizational behavior,or OB The implication is direct: selective criteria have to occupy a prominent place in the design of such a volume Some topics . Handbook of Organizational Behavior Second Edition, Revised and Expanded edited by Robert T. Golembiewski Handbook of Organizational Behavior. Kulu2er-t Part 11 . Some Themes Requiring Enhanced Emphasis 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . Research on Race and Ethnicity: An Update and Analysis