[...]... building illustrates the link between modernization and violence in Sudan s periphery The chapter also sets out some pointers for the future of roads in Sudan The final part of the report, consisting of Chapters 8, 9 and 10, offers a history of Sudan s civil wars from the perspective of the enclave Chapter 8 looks at the first civil war in the south, and the turn to ethnic politics in Southern Sudan and. .. possible future conflict in Kafia summary 13 Kingi It concentrates instead on the remarkable and little-studied historical experience of the people of this part of western Sudan and the survival strategies they have developed, here and as migrants in other parts of the country The story of the people of Kafia Kingi and its environs is a reminder that not all the communities of Sudan fit into an easy division... Summary The Kafia Kingi enclave, sometimes referred to by the name of Hofrat al-Nahas, lies in the savannah belt that runs east–west across Sudan, just south of the Umbelacha River, the westernmost source of the Nile, on the border with the Central African Republic (CAR) It contains forests, copper mines and other mineral wealth The border area that includes the Kafia Kingi enclave is where Raga, the westernmost... an insurgency in Darfur, it resorted to the policy of fragmentation and ethnic alliance-seeking The CPA period has not provided solutions for Darfur’s divisions and marginalization The study examines the narratives of migration and displacement that emerge from Kafia Kingi and its surrounding areas, linking their history to the experience of the present day The wars of the nineteenth-, twentieth- and. .. gives the voters of Southern Sudan the opportunity, however, to choose independence instead of unity, in a referendum on self-determination scheduled for January 2011 The border between north and south Sudan is defined in the CPA as the boundary line of 1956, the year Sudan became independent At independence Kafia Kingi was part of the south The area was transferred to northern administration in 1960... the second civil war in the south, and the SPLA’s unsuccessful attempts to use the Kafia 17 18 the kafia kingi enclave Kingi enclave as a route to take the war into Darfur Chapter 10 explains how the civil war in Darfur played out in the highly diverse societies on the border All three chapters set out the social impacts of the wars on everyday life—maintaining the contradictions of the periphery and. .. halting the spread of northern political and cultural influence in the south Special measures were adopted in the Kafia Kingi enclave, where a highly mixed society used Arabic as a lingua franca, and where some groups had adopted Islam The British razed the town of Kafia Kingi, and turned the borderlands between Raga and Darfur into a no man’s land For financial reasons, they needed to turn the small and. .. northern border of the Kafia Kingi enclave until 1960, just near the northern limit of the ironstone (SAD/815/7/2) It joins the Bahr al-Arab/Kiir River at Radom, and about 600 km east of Radom the river, by then called the Bahr al-Ghazal, joins the White Nile at Lake No Just to the north of the Umbelacha the ironstone ends and the stabilized sand dunes or goz that cover most of Darfur begin (Parry and. .. north and south And their story is repeated, in one form or another, in the experience of many other peripheralized communities in Sudan In the early nineteenth century the inhabitants of the area lived outside state structures, practising slash -and- burn swidden agriculture, taking refuge in the inaccessible forests and seasonal marshes of Dar Fertit The Darfur sultanate recruited labour here, mounting... by the parties to the CPA It is possible that Kafia Kingi could become a bargaining chip in future negotiations between the two parties to the CPA regarding the demarcation of the border between north and south This study sets out the available evidence on the history of the north– south border in this part of western Sudan Before the British colonial period there was no clear delineation of the southern .            The Kaa Kingi Enclave  .   front inside cover       back inside cover                