WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS Low income Afghanistan Bangladesh Benin Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo, Dem Rep Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia, The Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kenya Korea, Dem Rep Kyrgyz Republic Lao PDR Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Tajikistan Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Lower middle income Angola Armenia Belize Bhutan Bolivia Cameroon Cape Verde China Congo, Rep Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Ecuador Egypt, Arab Rep El Salvador Georgia Guatemala Guyana Honduras India Indonesia Iraq Jordan Kiribati Kosovo Lesotho Maldives Marshall Islands Micronesia, Fed Sts Moldova Mongolia Morocco Nicaragua Nigeria Pakistan Papua New Guinea Paraguay Philippines Samoa São Tomé and Principe Senegal Sri Lanka Sudan Swaziland Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Timor-Leste Tonga Tunisia Turkmenistan Tuvalu Ukraine Uzbekistan Vanuatu Vietnam West Bank and Gaza Yemen, Rep Upper middle income Albania Algeria American Samoa Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Fiji Gabon Grenada Iran, Islamic Rep Jamaica Kazakhstan Lebanon Libya Lithuania Macedonia, FYR Malaysia Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Montenegro Namibia Palau Panama Peru Romania Russian Federation Serbia Seychelles South Africa St Kitts and Nevis St Lucia St Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Turkey Uruguay Venezuela, RB High income Andorra Aruba Australia Austria Bahamas, The Bahrain Barbados Belgium Bermuda Brunei Darussalam Canada Cayman Islands Channel Islands Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Equatorial Guinea Estonia Faeroe Islands Finland France French Polynesia Germany Gibraltar Greece Greenland Guam Hong Kong SAR, China Hungary Iceland Ireland Isle of Man Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep Kuwait Latvia Liechtenstein Luxembourg Macao SAR, China Malta Monaco Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Northern Mariana Islands Norway Oman Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar San Marino Saudi Arabia Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Virgin Islands (U.S.) INCOME MAP The world by income Designed and edited by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C., with Peter Grundy Art & Design, London 2011 WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS Copyright 2011 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW, Washington, D.C 20433 USA All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing April 2011 This volume is a product of the staff of the Development Data Group of the World Bank’s Development Economics Vice Presidency, and the judgments herein not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank’s Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries This publication uses the Robinson projection for maps, which represents both area and shape reasonably well for most of the earth’s surface Nevertheless, some distortions of area, shape, distance, and direction remain The material in this publication is copyrighted Requests for permission to reproduce portions of it should be sent to the Office of the Publisher at the address in the copyright notice above The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally give permission promptly and, when reproduction is for noncommercial purposes, without asking a fee Permission to photocopy portions for classroom use is granted through the Copyright Center, Inc., Suite 910, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA Photo credits: Front cover, Curt Carnemark/World Bank; page xxiv, Curt Carnemark/World Bank; page 30, Trevor Samson/World Bank; page 122, Curt Carnemark/World Bank; page 188, Curt Carnemark/World Bank; page 262, Ray Witlin/World Bank; page 318, Curt Carnemark/World Bank If you have questions or comments about this product, please contact: Development Data Group The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Room MC2-812, Washington, D.C 20433 USA Hotline: 800 590 1906 or 202 473 7824; fax 202 522 1498 Email: data@worldbank.org Web site: www.worldbank.org or data.worldbank.org ISBN 978-0-8213-8709-2 ECO-AUDIT Environmental Benefits Statement The World Bank is committed to preserving endangered forests and natural resources The Office of the Publisher has chosen to print World Development Indicators 2011 on recycled paper with 50 percent post-consumer fiber in accordance with the recommended standards for paper usage set by the Green Press Initiative, a nonprofit program supporting publishers in using fiber that is not sourced from endangered forests For more information, visit www greenpressinitiative.org Saved: 91 trees 29 million Btu of total energy 8,609 pounds of net greenhouse gases 41,465 gallons of waste water 2,518 pounds of solid waste 2011 WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS PREFACE World Development Indicators 2011, the 15th edition in its current format, aims to provide relevant, high-quality, internationally comparable statistics about development and the quality of people’s lives around the globe This latest printed volume is one of a group of products; others include an online dataset, accessible at http://data.worldbank org; the popular Little Data Book series; and DataFinder, a data query and charting application for mobile devices Fifteen years ago, World Development Indicators was overhauled and redesigned, organizing the data to present an integrated view of development, with the goal of putting these data in the hands of policymakers, development specialists, students, and the public in a way that makes the data easy to use Although there have been small changes, the format has stood the test of time, and this edition employs the same sections as the first one: world view, people, environment, economy, states and markets, and global links Technical innovation and the rise of connected computing devices have gradually changed the way users obtain and consume the data in the World Development Indicators database Last year saw a more abrupt change: the decision in April 2010 to make the dataset freely available resulted in a large, immediate increase in the use of the on-line resources Perhaps more important has been the shift in how the data are used Software developers are now free to use the data in applications they develop—and they are doing just that We applaud and encourage all efforts to use the World Bank’s databases in creative ways to solve the world’s most pressing development challenges This edition of World Development Indicators focuses on the impact of the decision to make data freely available under an open license and with better online tools To help those who wish to use and reuse the data in these new ways, the section introductions discuss key issues in measuring the economic and social phenomena described in the tables and charts and introduce new sources of data World Development Indicators is possible only through the excellent collaboration of many partners who provide the data that form part of this collection, and we thank them all: the United Nations family, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the statistical offices of more than 200 economies, and countless others who make this unique product possible As always, we welcome your ideas for making the data in World Development Indicators useful and relevant for improving the lives of people around the world Shaida Badiee Director Development Economics Data Group 2011 World Development Indicators v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book was prepared by a team led by Soong Sup Lee under the management of Neil Fantom and comprising Awatif Abuzeid, Mehdi Akhlaghi, Azita Amjadi, Uranbileg Batjargal, Maja Bresslauer, David Cieslikowski, Mahyar EshraghTabary, Shota Hatakeyama, Masako Hiraga, Bala Bhaskar Naidu Kalimili, Buyant Khaltarkhuu, Elysee Kiti, Alison Kwong, Ibrahim Levent, Johan Mistiaen, Sulekha Patel, William Prince, Premi Rathan Raj, Evis Rucaj, Eric Swanson, Jomo Tariku, and Estela Zamora, working closely with other teams in the Development Economics Vice Presidency’s Development Data Group World Development Indicators electronic products were prepared by a team led by Reza Farivari, consisting of Ramvel Chandrasekaran, Ying Chi, Jean-Pierre Djomalieu, Ramgopal Erabelly, Shelley Fu, Gytis Kanchas, Ugendran Makhachkala, Vilas Mandlekar, Nacer Megherbi, Parastoo Oloumi, Malarvizhi Veerappan, and Vera Wen The work was carried out under the direction of Shaida Badiee Valuable advice was provided by Shahrokh Fardoust The choice of indicators and text content was shaped through close consultation with and substantial contributions from staff in the World Bank’s four thematic networks—Sustainable Development, Human Development, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management, and Financial and Private Sector Development—and staff of the International Finance Corporation and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Most important, the team received substantial help, guidance, and data from external partners For individual acknowledgments of contributions to the book’s content, please see Credits For a listing of our key partners, see Partners Communications Development Incorporated (CDI) provided editorial services, led by Meta de Coquereaumont, Bruce Ross-Larson, and Christopher Trott Jomo Tariku designed the cover, Deborah Arroyo and Elaine Wilson typeset the book, and Katrina Van Duyn provided proofreading Azita Amjadi and Alison Kwong oversaw the production process Staff from External Affairs Office of the Publisher oversaw printing and dissemination of the book 2011 World Development Indicators vii maternal mortality ratio lifetime risk of maternal death pregnant women receiving prenatal care unmet need for contraception 1.3, 2.19, 5.8 prevalence 2.19 female 1.5, 2.19 2.19 total tuberculosis incidence treatment success rate 2.21 population ages 15–24, male and female 2.21 1.3, 2.21 prevention 1.3, 2.20 condom use, male and female 2.21 2.18 Homicide rate, intentional 5.8 Health expenditure as share of GDP 2.16 external resources 2.16 out of pocket 2.16 per capita 2.16 durable dwelling units 3.12 public 2.16 home ownership 3.12 household size 3.12 multiunit dwellings 3.12 overcrowding 3.12 vacancy rate 3.12 Hospital beds—see Health care Housing conditions, national and urban Health information census, year last completed 2.17 completeness of vital registration birth registration 2.17 infant death 2.17 Hunger, depth total death 2.17 number completed 2.17 I year last completed 2.17 5.8 Immunization rate, child health survey, year last completed 2.17 national health account DPT, share of children ages 12–23 months 2.18 measles, share of children ages 12–23 months Health risks 2.18 anemia, prevalence of children under age 2.20 pregnant women 2.20 arms 5.7 documents required for 6.9 2.21 energy, net, as share of total energy use 3.8 2.21 goods and services 1.3, 2.21 as share of GDP child malnutrition, prevalence 1.2, 2.20 condom use, male and female diabetes, prevalence HIV, prevalence Imports low-birthweight babies 2.20 overweight children, prevalence 2.20 4.8 average annual growth total smoking, prevalence, male and female tuberculosis, incidence undernourishment, prevalence 2.21 1.3, 2.21 2.20 4.9 4.17 information and communications technology goods lead time 6.9 merchandise annual growth Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) 5.12 6.3 by high-income countries, by product 6.4 6.5 assistance by developing countries, by partner completion point 1.4 structure decision point 1.4 tariffs Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) assistance 1.4 total 4.5 value, average annual growth HIV 1.4 6.2 volume, average annual growth 6.2 4.5 6.4, 6.8 2011 World Development Indicators 425 INDEX OF INDICATORS services net financial flows from structure total 6.13 use of IMF credit 4.7 6.10 4.7 travel 4.7, 6.18 Internet See also Trade broadband subscribers fixed broadband access tariff Income distribution Gini index percentage of international Internet bandwidth 2.9 5.12 5.12, 6.1 secure servers 5.12 users 1.2, 2.9 Industry 5.12 5.12 Investment annual growth 4.1 as share of GDP 4.2 foreign direct, net inflows as share of GDP employment, male and female 2.3 from DAC members 6.14 freshwater withdrawals for output 3.5 total 6.12 6.1 foreign direct, net outflows as share of GDP Inflation—see Prices 6.1 infrastructure, private participation in Informal economy, firms formally registered when operations started energy 5.2 5.1 telecommunications 5.11 Innovation, internationally recognized certification ownership 6.1 5.1 5.1 See also Gross capital formation; Private financial flows 5.2 Integration, global economic, indicators 5.1 transport water and sanitation Information and communications technology trade Iodized salt, consumption of 2.20 L Interest payments—see Government, central, debt Labor force Interest rates 4.15 real armed forces 5.7 4.15 lending annual growth 4.15 deposit children at work 2.6 female 2.2 risk premium on lending 5.5 spread 5.5 nonagricultural part-time 2.2 1.5 1.5 5.8 2.2 total Internally displaced persons participation of population ages 15 and older, male and female 2.2 See also Employment; Migration; Unemployment International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) IBRD loans and IDA credits 6.10 net financial flows from 6.13 Land area arable—see Agriculture, land; Land use See also Protected areas; Surface area International Development Association (IDA) IBRD loans and IDA credits 6.10 net concessional flows from 6.13 Resource Allocation Index 5.8, 5.9 Land use arable land, as share of total land 3.1 per 100 people International Monetary Fund (IMF) 426 2011 World Development Indicators 3.1 area under cereal production 3.2 by type 3.1 clothing 1.4 forest area, as share of total land 3.1 textiles 1.4 irrigated land 3.2 permanent cropland, as share of total land 3.1 total area 3.1 Merchandise exports agricultural raw materials Life expectancy at birth 4.4 total 1.5 1.6, 2.22 cereals 6.4 6.4 6.4 food adult total 6.5 crude petroleum Literacy male and female 6.7 from developing countries, by partner chemical products male and female from regional trade blocs 2.14 1.6 4.4, 6.4 footwear 6.4 fuels 4.4 mathematics, PISA mean score 2.14 furniture youth, male and female 2.14 information and communications technology goods 5.12 6.4 information and communications technology services 5.12 Malaria 4.4 ores and nonferrous materials 6.4 6.4 structure 1.2, 2.20 4.4 petroleum products Malnutrition, in children under age 6.4 ores and metals M 6.4 manufactures 6.9 iron and steel machinery and transport equipment Logistics Performance Index 4.4 6.4 4.4 children sleeping under treated bednets 2.18 textiles children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs 2.18 total to low-income economies from high-income economies, by product 6.4 Management time dealing with officials 5.2 to middle-income economies from high-income economies, by product Manufacturing annual growth as share of GDP 6.4 value, average annual growth 4.1 6.2 volume, average annual growth 6.2 within regional trade blocs 6.7 imports value added chemicals 4.3 agricultural raw materials 4.5 food, beverages, and tobacco 4.3 by developing countries, by partner 6.5 machinery and transport equipment 4.3 cereals 6.4 other 4.3 chemicals 6.4 structure 4.3 crude petroleum 6.4 textiles and clothing 4.3 food 4.5 total 4.3 footwear 6.4 to low-income economies by high-income economies, by product 6.4 See also Merchandise to middle-income economies by high-income economies, by product 6.4 fuels Market access to high-income countries 4.5 goods admitted free of tariffs 1.4 furniture support to agriculture 1.4 information and communications technology goods iron and steel tariffs on exports from least developed countries agricultural products 6.4 5.12 1.4 6.4 machinery and transport equipment 6.4 2011 World Development Indicators 427 INDEX OF INDICATORS manufactures 4.5 ores and metals 4.5 ores and nonferrous materials 6.4 births attended by skilled health staff petroleum products 6.4 carbon dioxide emissions per capita textiles 6.4 children sleeping under treated bednets total 4.5 contraceptive prevalence rate value, average annual growth 6.2 employment to population ratio volume, average annual growth 6.2 enrollment ratio, net, primary trade average tariff imposed by developed countries on exports of least developed countries 1.4 2.19 1.3, 3.8 2.18 1.3, 2.19 2.4 2.12 female to male enrollments, primary and secondary as share of GDP 1.2 6.1 fertility rate, adolescent 2.19 by developing countries, by partner 6.5 goods admitted free of tariffs from least developed countries direction 6.3 heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) growth 6.3 assistance 1.4 regional trade blocs 6.7 completion point 1.4 decision point 1.4 1.4 Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) assistance Metals and minerals commodity prices and price index 6.6 nominal debt service relief committed 1.4 immunization rate, child DPT Methane emissions 2.18 measles 2.18 agricultural as share of total 3.9 industrial as share of total 3.9 income or consumption, national share of poorest quintile total 3.9 infant mortality rate 1.2, 2.9 2.22 Internet users per 100 people 1.3, 5.12 labor productivity, GDP per person employed Migration emigration of people with tertiary education to OECD countries 6.1 total 6.1 6.18 net 2.14 malnutrition, prevalence international migrant stock as share of total population 2.4 literacy rate of 15- to 24-year-olds 6.1, 6.18 1.2, 2.20 malaria children under age sleeping under insecticide treated bednets appropriate antimalarial drugs See also Refugees; Remittances maternal mortality ratio 2.18 1.3, 2.19, 5.8 national parliament seats held by women Military Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people armed forces personnel 1.5 5.11 official development assistance as share of labor force 5.7 total 5.7 for basic social services as share of total sector allocable exports 5.7 net disbursements, as share of donor GNI imports 5.7 ODA commitments arms transfers as share of central government expenditure as share of GDP untied commitments poverty gap military expenditure 5.7 5.7, 5.8 pregnant women receiving prenatal care share of cohort reaching last grade of primary education support to agriculture telephone lines, fixed, per 100 people Millennium Development Goals, indicators for access to improved sanitation facilities access to improved water source 1.3, 2.18, 3.11, 5.8 2.18, 3.5, 5.8 2011 World Development Indicators 1.4 1.4, 6.14 6.15b 2.7, 2.8 1.5, 2.19 2.13 1.4 5.11 tuberculosis case detection rate incidence 428 2.18 children under age with fever who are treated with 2.18 1.3, 2.21 treatment success rate under-five mortality rate 2.18 total undernourishment, prevalence 2.20 unmet need for contraception 2.19 vulnerable employment 3.9 1.2, 2.22, 5.8 Nutrition anemia, prevalence of 1.2, 2.4 Minerals depletion, as share of GNI children ages under 1.5 4.11 2.20 pregnant women 2.20 breastfeeding, exclusive women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector 2.20 iodized salt consumption 2.20 malnutrition, child 1.2, 2.20 overweight children, prevalence 2.20 4.15 undernourishment, prevalence 2.20 claims central government 4.15 vitamin A supplementation 2.20 other claims on domestic economy 4.15 Monetary indicators broad money 2.22 O 2.22 Official development assistance—see Aid Mortality rate adult, male and female child, male and female children under age crude death rate infant life expectancy at birth maternal lifetime risk of maternal death survival to age 65 1.2, 2.22, 5.8 2.1 2.22 2.22 1.3, 2.19, 5.8 2.19 Official flows—see Aid; Financial flows, net P Passenger cars per 1,000 people 3.13 2.22 Particulate matter Motor vehicles selected cities passenger cars 3.13 per 1,000 people 3.13 road density 3.13 3.13 per kilometer of road 3.14 urban-population-weighted PM10 3.13 See also Roads; Traffic Patent applications filed 5.13 Peacebuilding and peacekeeping operations operation name MUV G-5 index 6.6 N 5.8 troops, police, and military observers 5.8 Pension average, as share of per capita income 2.10 contributors Net enrollment—see Education Newspapers, daily 5.12 2.10 2.10 public expenditure on, as share of GDP 4.10 as share of labor force as share of working age population Natural resource depletion, as share of GNI 2.10 Permits and licenses, time required to obtain operating license 5.2 Physicians—see Health care Nitrous oxide emissions agricultural as share of total 3.9 industrial as share of total 3.9 Plants, higher 2011 World Development Indicators 429 INDEX OF INDICATORS threatened species 3.4 in selected cities 3.11 See also Migration carbon dioxide damage, as share of GNI 3.11 total Pollution 3.14 in urban agglomerations 4.11 emissions Portfolio—see Equity flows; Private financial flows average annual growth 3.9 intensity 3.8 per unit of GDP 3.8 container traffic in 5.9 per capita 1.3, 3.8 quality of infrastructure 6.9 total Ports 1.6, 3.8 local damage 4.11 Poverty methane emissions international poverty line agricultural, as share of total 3.9 local currency from energy processes, as share of total 3.9 population living below total 3.9 nitrogen dioxide, selected cities $1.25 a day 2.8 $2 a day 3.14 nitrous oxide emissions 2.8 2.8 national poverty line agricultural, as share of total 3.9 population living below, national, rural, and urban 2.7 energy and industry, as share of total 3.9 poverty gap, national, rural, and urban 2.7 total 3.9 organic water pollutants, emissions Power—see Electricity, production by industry 3.6 per day 3.6 per worker 3.6 particulate matter concentration Prenatal care, pregnant women receiving Prices selected cities 3.14 commodity prices and price indexes total 3.13 consumer, annual growth 3.14 fuel sulfur dioxide, selected cities 1.5, 2.19 3.8 GDP implicit deflator, annual growth Population 6.6 4.16 4.16 net barter terms of trade age dependency ratio, young and old 2.1 average annual growth 6.2 wholesale, annual growth 4.16 2.1 by age group, as share of total 0–14 Primary education—see Education 2.11 5–64 2.1 65 and older 2.1 debt flows 1.1, 1.6 bonds 6.12 commercial bank and other lending 6.12 density female, as share of total 1.5 rural Private financial flows equity flows annual growth 3.1 foreign direct investment, net inflows 6.12 as share of total 3.1 portfolio equity 6.12 total 1.1, 1.6, 2.1 urban from DAC members as share of total 3.11 average annual growth 3.11 in largest city 430 financing through international capital markets, as share of GDP 3.11 2011 World Development Indicators See also Investment Productivity 6.1 6.14 agricultural 3.3 labor 2.4 management time dealing with officials 5.2 water 3.5 meeting with tax officials, number of times 5.2 Protected areas Regulation and tax administration Relative prices (PPP)—see Purchasing power parity (PPP) marine as share of total surface area 3.4 total 3.4 Remittances workers’ remittances and compensation of employees terrestrial as share of GDP 6.1 as share of total surface area 3.4 paid 6.18 total 3.4 received 6.18 Protecting investors disclosure index 5.3 Research and development expenditures 5.13 technicians Assessment) 5.13 researchers Public sector management and institutions (Country Policy and Institutional 5.13 efficiency of revenue mobilization 5.9 property rights and rule-based governance 5.9 public sector management and institutions cluster average 5.9 quality of budgetary and financial management 5.9 quality of public administration 5.9 goods hauled by 5.10 transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector 5.9 passengers carried 5.10 Reserves, gross international—see Balance of payments Roads paved, as share of total conversion factor gross national income 3.13 total network 4.16 5.10 sectoral energy consumption Purchasing power parity (PPP) 5.10 1.1, 1.6 Royalty and license fees R payments 5.13 receipts 5.13 Railways Rural environment goods hauled by 5.10 lines, total 5.10 access to improved sanitation facilities passengers carried 5.10 access to an improved water source 3.11 3.5 population annual growth by country of asylum 5.8, 6.18 by country of origin 5.8, 6.18 internally displaced persons Regional development banks, net financial flows from 5.8 6.13 3.1 as share of total Refugees 3.1 S S&P/Global Equity Indices 5.4 Regional trade agreements—see Trade blocs, regional Sanitation, access to improved facilities, population with Registering property total number of procedures 5.3 time to register 1.3, 2.18, 5.8 5.3 urban and rural 3.11 Savings 2011 World Development Indicators 431 INDEX OF INDICATORS adjusted net 4.11 gross, as share of GDP gross, as share of GNI Stock markets 4.8 4.11 listed domestic companies 5.4 market capitalization as share of GDP 5.4 total Schooling—see Education 5.4 market liquidity scientific and technical journal articles 5.13 5.4 turnover ratio Science and technology 5.4 S&P/Global Equity Indices 5.4 See also Research and development Steel products, commodity prices and price index 6.6 Secondary education—see Education Structural policies (Country Policy and Institutional Assessment) business regulating environment employment, male and female 2.3 5.9 financial sector Services 5.9 structural policies cluster average computer, information and communications, and other commercial services 5.9 trade exports 5.9 4.6 insurance and financial services 4.6 structure total commercial 4.6 transport 4.6 travel Sulfur dioxide emissions—see Pollution 4.6 4.6 imports Surface area 1.1, 1.6 See also Land use Survival to age 65, male and female 2.22 computer, information and communications, and 4.7 Suspended particulate matter—see Pollution insurance and financial services other commercial services 4.7 structure 4.7 total commercial 4.7 transport 4.7 T travel 4.7 trade, as share of GDP 6.1 Tariffs all products binding coverage 6.8 simple mean bound rate value added 6.8 annual growth 4.1 simple mean tariff 6.8 as share of GDP 4.2 weighted mean tariff 6.8 applied rates on imports from low- and middle-income economies Smoking, prevalence, male and female 2.21 6.4 manufactured products simple mean tariff Social inclusion and equity policies (Country Policy and Institutional Assessment) 6.8 weighted mean tariff 6.8 building human resources 5.9 on exports of least developed countries equity of public resource use 5.9 primary products gender equity 5.9 simple mean tariff 6.8 policy and institutions for environmental sustainability 5.9 weighted mean tariff 6.8 social inclusion and equity cluster average 5.9 share of tariff lines with international peaks 6.8 social protection and labor 5.9 share of tariff lines with specific rates 6.9 Starting a business—see Business environment Taxes and tax policies 432 2011 World Development Indicators 1.4 business taxes tourists average number of times firms meet with tax officials 5.2 inbound 6.19 labor tax, as share of commercial profits 5.6 outbound 6.19 number of payments 5.6 other taxes, as share of commercial profits 5.6 profit tax, as share of commercial profits 5.6 arms 5.7 time to prepare, file, and pay 5.6 barriers 6.8 5.6 facilitation total tax rate, as share of commercial profits Trade goods and services taxes, domestic 4.14 burden of customs procedures income, profit, and capital gains taxes 4.14 documents international trade taxes 4.14 to export 6.9 other taxes 4.14 to import 6.9 social contributions 4.14 tax revenue collected by central government, as share of GDP 5.6 freight costs to the United States 6.9 6.9 lead time to export Technology—see Computers; Exports, high-technology; Internet; Research and development; Science and technology 6.9 to import 6.9 liner shipping connectivity index information and communications technology fixed line per 100 people 5.11 residential tariff 5.11 6.9 5.12 merchandise 1.3, 5.11 as share of GDP 6.1 direction of, by developing countries 6.5 direction of, by region 5.11, 6.1 mobile cellular per 100 people 6.9 quality of port infrastructure Telephones international voice traffic 6.9 logistics performance index 6.3 high-income economy with low- and middle-income economies, population covered 5.11 by product 6.4 prepaid tariff 5.11 nominal growth, by region 6.3 mobile cellular and fixed-line subscribers per employee 5.11 regional trading blocs total revenue 5.11 structure 4.4, 4.5 total 4.4, 4.5 Television, households with 5.12 6.7 services as share of GDP 6.2 6.1 structure 4.6, 4.7 total Terms of trade index, net barter 4.6, 4.7 See also Balance of payments; Exports; Imports; Manufacturing; Tertiary education—see Education Merchandise; Terms of trade; Trade blocs Threatened species—see Animal species; Biological diversity; Plants, higher Trade blocs, regional exports within bloc 6.7 tourism expenditure total exports, by bloc 6.7 inbound type of agreement 6.7 Tourism, international as share of exports 6.19 year of creation 6.7 total 6.19 year of entry into force of the most recent agreement 6.7 outbound as share of imports 6.19 total Trademark applications filed 5.13 6.19 Trade policies—see Tariffs 2011 World Development Indicators 433 INDEX OF INDICATORS Traffic—see Fuels; Motor vehicles; Roads sulfur dioxide 3.14 housing conditions durable dwelling units 3.12 household size Travel—see Tourism, international 3.12 home ownership Transport—see Air transport; Ports; Railways; Roads 3.12 multiunit dwellings biological diversity 3.15 3.12 vacancy rate Treaties, participation in 3.12 overcrowding 3.12 population CFC control 3.15 climate change 3.15 as share of total Convention on International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES) 3.15 average annual growth 3.11 Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD) 3.15 in largest city 3.11 Kyoto Protocol 3.15 in selected cities 3.14 Law of the Sea 3.15 in urban agglomerations 3.11 Ozone layer 3.15 total 3.11 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 3.15 Tuberculosis case detection rate incidence treatment rate 2.18 1.3, 2.21 2.18 3.11 See also Pollution; Population; Sanitation; Water V Value added as share of GDP in agriculture U 4.2 in industry 4.2 in manufacturing UN agencies, net official financial flows from in services 6.13 4.2 4.1, 4.2 per worker Undernourishment, prevalence of Unemployment incidence of long-term, total, male, and female 2.5 by level of educational attainment, primary, secondary, tertiary 2.5 total, male, and female 2.5 youth, male, and female in agriculture 2.20 1.3, 2.10 W Water access to improved source of, population with total urban and rural UNICEF, net official financial flows from 6.13 3.3 2.18, 5.8 3.5 freshwater annual withdrawals net official financial flows from 6.13 access to an improved water source 3.11 3.5 nitrogen dioxide 3.14 particulate matter 3.14 2011 World Development Indicators 3.5 3.5 flows 3.5 per capita 3.5 pollution—see Pollution, organic water pollutants emissions, selected cities 434 3.5 for industry internal renewable resources Urban environment access to improved sanitation facilities 3.5 total UNRWA 3.5 for domestic use 6.13 as share of internal resources for agriculture UNTA, net official financial flows from productivity 3.5 Women in development female-headed households 2.10 female population, as share of total 1.5 life expectancy at birth pregnant women receiving prenatal care 1.5 1.5, 2.19 teenage mothers 1.5 unpaid family workers 1.5 vulnerable employment 2.4 women in nonagricultural sector 1.5 women in parliaments 1.5 Workforce, firms offering formal training World Bank, net financial flows from 5.2 6.13 See also International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International Development Association 2011 World Development Indicators 435 REGION MAP The world by region East Asia and Pacific American Samoa Cambodia China Fiji Indonesia Kiribati Korea, Dem Rep Lao PDR Malaysia Marshall Islands Micronesia, Fed Sts Mongolia Myanmar Palau Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Solomon Islands Thailand Timor-Leste Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Vietnam Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru St Kitts and Nevis St Lucia St Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Uruguay Venezuela, RB Europe and Central Asia Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Georgia Kazakhstan Kosovo Kyrgyz Republic Lithuania Macedonia, FYR Moldova Montenegro Romania Russian Federation Serbia Tajikistan Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Middle East and North Africa Algeria Djibouti Egypt, Arab Rep Iran, Islamic Rep Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Morocco Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia West Bank and Gaza Yemen, Rep Latin America and the Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile South Asia Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Sub-Saharan Africa Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo, Dem Rep Congo, Rep Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia, The Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe High-income OECD Australia Austria * Belgium * Canada Czech Republic Denmark Estonia * Finland * France * Germany * Greece * Hungary Iceland Ireland * Israel Italy * Japan Korea, Rep Luxembourg * Netherlands * New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal * Slovak Republic * Slovenia * Spain * Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States Other high income Andorra Aruba Bahamas, The Bahrain Barbados Bermuda Brunei Darussalam Cayman Islands Channel Islands Croatia Cyprus * Equatorial Guinea Faeroe Islands French Polynesia Gibraltar Greenland Guam Hong Kong SAR, China Isle of Man Kuwait Latvia Liechtenstein Macao SAR, China Malta * Monaco Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia Northern Mariana Islands Oman Puerto Rico Qatar San Marino Saudi Arabia Singapore Taiwan, China Turks and Caicos Islands Trinidad and Tobago United Arab Emirates Virgin Islands (U.S.) * Member of the Euro area The World Bank 1818 H Street N.W Washington, D.C ISBN 978-0-8213-8709-2 20433 USA Telephone: 202 473 1000 Fax: 202 477 6391 Web site: data.worldbank.org SKU 18709 Email: data@worldbank.org The World Development Indicators • Includes more than 800 indicators for 155 economies • Provides definitions, sources, and other information about the data • Organizes the data into six thematic areas WORLD VIEW PEOPLE ENVIRONMENT Living standards and development progress Gender, health, and employment Natural resources and environmental changes ECONOMY STATES & MARKETS GLOBAL LINKS New opportunities for growth Elements of a good investment climate Evidence on globalization Saved: 91 trees 29 million Btu of total energy 8,609 pounds of net greenhouse gases 41,465 gallons of waste water 2,518 pounds of solid waste ... data in World Development Indicators useful and relevant for improving the lives of people around the world Shaida Badiee Director Development Economics Data Group 2011 World Development Indicators. .. available in the World Development Indicators database * Table shows information on related indicators tors listed in table 1.2a 2011 World Development Indicators 17 1.3 Millennium Development Goals:... for reducing maternal and infant deaths, using data from the 2004 and 2011 World Development 2011 World Development Indicators Indicators While the number of countries seriously off track has increased,