... besubstituted the one for the other; but one forms the complement of the other.If, then, we pass from the general and abstract to the concrete, we have society as existing in history. The study of the ... general, they give rise to two distinct theories. The first theory regards the concept society from the causal standpoint; the second regards it from the teleological standpoint. Causality and teleology ... influenced by the others, the political and ideal, are yet, in the final analysis, decisive, and form the red thread which runs through the whole of history and guides us to an understanding thereof.From...