Tài liệu William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture P6 pptx

... Used by CRAY-1Pipelining§ Fetch instruction§ Decode instruction§ Calculate operands (i.e. EAs)§ Fetch operands§ Execute instructions§ Write result§ Overlap these operationsData Flow (Execute)§ ... Purpose§ Data§ Address§ Condition CodesBranch in a PipelineInstruction Cycle§ Revision§ Stallings Chapter 3Branch Prediction (3)§ Delayed Branch• Do not take jump until you have to• ... instruction during execution of current instruction§ Called instruction prefetchExample Register OrganizationsData Flow (Data Fetch)§ IR is examined§ If indirect addressing, indirect cycle is...

Tài liệu William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture P2 pptx

... SwappingAdvantages of Segmentation§ Simplifies handling of growing data structures§ Allows programs to be altered and recompiled independently, without re-linking and re-loading§ Lends itself to sharing ... Dynamic PartitioningProcess StatesObjectives and Functions§ Convenience• Making the computer easier to use§ Efficiency• Allowing better use of computer resourcesBonus§ We do not need all ... Systems§ Allow users to interact directly with the computer • i.e. Interactive§ Multi-programming allows a number of users to interact with the computer Process SchedulingProcessRequestEndLong-TermQueueShort-TermQueueCPUI/O...

Tài liệu William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture P5 pptx

... 80x86 William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture Chapter 10Instruction Sets:Addressing Modes and FormatsInstruction Length§ Affected by and affects:• Memory size• Memory organization • ... ROpcodeInstructionMemoryOperandPointer to OperandRegistersStack Addressing§ Operand is (implicitly) on top of stack§ e.g. • ADD Pop top two items from stack and addImmediate Addressing DiagramoperandOpcodeInstructionSize ... technique-Tells where the operand is.Immediate Addressing§ Operand is part of instruction§ Operand = address field§ e.g. ADD 5• Add 5 to contents of accumulator• 5 is operand§ No memory reference...

Tài liệu William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture P4 docx

... Branch to some location depending on decision William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture Chapter 9Instruction Sets:Characteristics and FunctionsInstruction Representation§ In ... instruction and different addresses• e.g. VAXNumber of Addresses (a)§ # of address allowed in an instruction§ Decide the categories of processor architecture § 3 addresses• Operand 1, Operand 2, ... Increment (a++)• Decrement (a )• Negate (-a)Standard …What Standard?§ Pentium (80x86), VAX are little-endian§ IBM 370, Moterola 680x0 (Mac), and most RISC are big-endian§ Internet is big-endian•...

William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture P1

... I/O• Devices and memory share an address space• I/O looks just like memory read/write• No special commands for I/O (No I/O instruction)ü Large selection of memory access commands available§ ... spaces• Need I/O or memory select lines• Special commands for I/OüLimited setInterrupt Driven I/OBasic Operation§ CPU issues read command§ I/O module gets data from peripheral whilst CPU ... identifier§ CPU commands contain identifier (address)Design Issues§ How do you identify the module issuing the interrupt?§ How do you deal with multiple interrupts?• i.e. an interrupt handler being...

Ebook Fundamentals of computer organization and architecture (2005)

... Organization & Assembly Language” and a one-semester course on Computer Architecture. ” The book assumes that studentsstudying computer organization and/ or computer architecture must have hadexposure ... consisting of Chapters 1 to 5 and 8 is typically suitable for a junior level course on Computer Organization and Assembly Language for Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and ElectricalEngineering ... behavior of the computer system.Architectural development and styles are covered in Section 1.2.1Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture, by M. Abd-El-Barr and H. El-RewiniISBN...

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