... researchers in career management and human resource management may test the key assumptions of the three-factor model. For instance, in analyzing the impact of HR portals on the management of the ... responsibility for many information -management tasks, such as filing change-of-address forms and completing benefits enroll- ment, in the hands of employees, Web-based human resource self-service dramatically ... turnover and developing skills inventories, and helps deliver human resource services with fewer people (Gale, 2003). Thus, the human resource function becomes less administrative and more strategic,...