Constituent Structure - Part 10
Constituent Structure - Part 10
... derivations in (9)and (10) give diVerent derivation trees (9’) and (10 ), but result in the same constituent structure (12). The derivation in (11) however, reduces to quite a diVerent constituent tree ... the derivations in (9), (10) , and (11): (9) (a) S (b) A B (i) (c) a B (iv) (d) a b (v) (10) (a) S (b) A B (i) (c) A b (v) (d) a b (iv) 74 phrase structure grammars and x-bar (11) (a) S (b) A (ii) ... into immediate constituents. The greater the num- ber of pipes (j) the weaker the boundary between the constituents (i.e. the more pipes, more closely related the words).2 The constituents in...
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Constituent Structure - Part 6
... proposals in Chapter 10. 6 Backofen, Rogers, and Vijay-Shanker (1995) actually argue that Wrst-order axiomiza- tion is impossible for Wnite (but unbounded) trees; they propose a second-order account ... sort of ‘ part of’’ relation. So in (9a, b) the N is a part of NP. The reverse is not true, NP is not a part of N. So in (9a), we assert that man is a part of N, but that N is not a part of man. ... of course, a part of itself (hence the intuition that domination is reXexive). N dominates N, so N is part of N. The part- of quality of domination tells us that when two nodes are part of each...
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Constituent Structure - Part 7
... terminals u, v. In Carnie (2006c), I informally present the non-tangling constraint as the no-crossing- branches constraint: (ii) No-crossing-branches constraint If one node X precedes another node ... axiomatically. This is the so-called non-tangling condition of Wall (1972), which derives a basic assumption of Chomsky (1975): there are no discontinuous constituents.30 A9. Non-tangling condition:(8wxyz ... determining constituent structure, and we will see all of these properties questioned. 44 preliminaries The next chapter continues the investigation of the structural prop- erties of trees. In particular,...
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Constituent Structure - Part 8
... (13) (a) namono azy ny anadahin-dRakoto kill him the sister-of-Rakoto ‘‘Rakoto i ’s sister killed him i .’’ (b) *namono ny anadahin-dRakoto izy kill the sister-of-Rakoto he ‘‘He i killed Rakoto ... the sisterhood relation or symmetric c-command: (17) Symmetric c-command A symmetrically c-commands B, if A c-commands B and B c-commands A. Asymmetric c-command is the kind that holds between ... distinguishes c-command from m-command: (31) I presented Watson i with a picture of himself i . Assuming that the constituent structure of the VP in this sentence is the partly binary branching structure...
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Constituent Structure - Part 9
... these structures. c-command and government 65 This page intentionally left blank Part 2 Phrase Structure Grammars and X-bar Theory This page intentionally left blank 5 Capturing Constituent Structure: ... them), however, a must immedi- ately dominate x and y, which themselves dominate (potentially reXex- ively) the c-commander and the c-commandee. Note, however, that while c-command is frequently deWned ... describing constituent structure in some detail. We have not yet, however, discussed the ways constituent structure might be constructed. Nor have we really discussed what kinds of information constituent...
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Constituent Structure - Part 11
... surface order from a very abstract structure using movement operations.82 phrase structure grammars and x-bar5.4.2 Context-free and context-sensitive phrase structure grammarsLet us distinguish ... GPSG: Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (which, iron-ically, at least in its most recent incarnations is not a phrase structure grammar in anyrecognizable form at all), this arboreal-centric ... and C.The second kind of phrase structure rule (PSR) is the context-freephrase structure rule (the grammar containing such rules is abbrevi-ated either CFG or CF-PSG). These rules disallow reference...
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Constituent Structure - Part 12
... isrepresented by their left-to-right organization in the rule. In versionsof PSG that are primarily tree-geometric rather than being based onP-markers or RPMs, the tree also encodes c-command and governmentrelations.Less ... constructions all involve some constituent (structure- changingtransformations, are, and which rules, respectively) that is displaced96 phrase structure grammars and x-barfrom the place it would ... inXuential X-bar theory in its variousincarnations. The X-bar approach started oV as a series of statementsthat restricts the form of phrase structure rules, but eventually devel-oped into...
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Constituent Structure - Part 13
... LFGLexical-Functional Grammar uses a similar semantic extension to the constituent structure (or c -structure as it is called in LFG): the f -structure, which is similar to the feature structures ... phrase structure rule, just as it ispossible to write a crazy transformation that will radically change the 104 phrase structure grammars and x-bar structure of a tree. Head-Driven Phrase Structure ... the f -structure associated with the dominator. These metavariables are licensed inthe representation via annotations on the phrase structure rules as in(27). A metavariable-annotated c-structure...
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Constituent Structure - Part 14
... process of do-so 5- (or did-so-) replacement. Consider the VPbracketed in (10a). We Wnd replacement of the whole VP is Wne (10b),but so is the replacement of smaller units (10c): (10) (a) I [ate ... to constituent structure/ phrase structure suggested inthis section all make reference to mapping the constituent structure onto some kind of enriched semantic structure. The empirical cover-age ... structure. extended phrase structure grammars 1117X-bar Theory7.1 IntroductionPhrase structure grammars and their extensions provide us withpowerful tools for describing constituent structures, but...
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Constituent Structure - Part 15
... also all 10 See Chametzky (2000) for a discussion of how this insight is retained in theminimalist non-X-bar-theoretic Bare Phrase Structure system.120 phrase structure grammars and x-bar(60) ... another important property that X-bar theory might ac-count for. It appears as if the layers of structure operate in a binarymanner .10 That is, as we add layers of structure, new material is addedone ... intermediate structure (X’),takes us to the point where there are similarities across categories interms of the kinds of phrase structure rule are allowed. Cross-categor-ial generalizations about structure...
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Từ khóa: writing template book part 10reading upper intermediate part 10teaching academic esl writing part 10963 bài essays mẫu part 10toefl stucture bank part 10toefl ibt listening e part 10master toefl vocabulary part 10ielts practice test plus part 10ace the toefl essay part 10how to prepare for the toefl part 10ielts reading tests part 10vocabulary for ielts part 10đề thi toeic part 10test your reading part 10acheive toeic bridge part 10Báo cáo quy trình mua hàng CT CP Công Nghệ NPVGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitĐỒ ÁN NGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWANĐỒ ÁN NGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWANNGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWAN SLIDEQuản lý hoạt động học tập của học sinh theo hướng phát triển kỹ năng học tập hợp tác tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú huyện ba chẽ, tỉnh quảng ninhPhát hiện xâm nhập dựa trên thuật toán k meansNghiên cứu khả năng đo năng lượng điện bằng hệ thu thập dữ liệu 16 kênh DEWE 5000Định tội danh từ thực tiễn huyện Cần Giuộc, tỉnh Long An (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Chuong 2 nhận dạng rui roKiểm sát việc giải quyết tố giác, tin báo về tội phạm và kiến nghị khởi tố theo pháp luật tố tụng hình sự Việt Nam từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Quản lý nợ xấu tại Agribank chi nhánh huyện Phù Yên, tỉnh Sơn La (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Tăng trưởng tín dụng hộ sản xuất nông nghiệp tại Ngân hàng Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn Việt Nam chi nhánh tỉnh Bắc Giang (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Giáo án Sinh học 11 bài 15: Tiêu hóa ở động vậtGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtTrách nhiệm của người sử dụng lao động đối với lao động nữ theo pháp luật lao động Việt Nam từ thực tiễn các khu công nghiệp tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Đổi mới quản lý tài chính trong hoạt động khoa học xã hội trường hợp viện hàn lâm khoa học xã hội việt namQUẢN LÝ VÀ TÁI CHẾ NHỰA Ở HOA KỲ