... fate, and natural attenuation of inorganic salts, trace metals, radionuclides and organic compounds present in produced water, and their impacts on soil, surface and ground waters and the ... present in produced water, and their impacts on soil, surface and ground water and the local ecosystem at the Osage-Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research (OSPER) ‘A’ and ‘B’ sites, located ... saline water produced with oil and gas, and from hydrocarbon and produced water releases caused by equipment failures, vandalism, flooding, and accidents. In 1993, about 25 billion and 0.3...