... 26- 2 Learning Outcomes 26. 1 Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney 26. 2 Define the term nephron and describe its structure 26. 3 Explain how nephrons filter blood and ... reserv e d 26- 18 Urine Formation (cont.) • Urine composition – Mostly water – Urea and uric acid • Formed by the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids – Trace amounts of amino acids and various ... functions of the ureters, bladder, and urethra 26. 6 Explain how urination is controlled 26. 7 Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various diseases and disorders of the urinary...