Sedimentary rocks
Even more sedimentary rocks
... (flood event?) Sedimentary environments Concept of Sedimentary “Facies” “Facies” are representations of sedimentary environments defined by the overall association of features preserved in rocks ... dunes at top of picture Sedimentary Structures Note ripplemarked sand dunes at top of picture Sedimentary structures: Mud Cracks Say you find mud cracks in an ancient sedimentary rock What does ... internal layering Internal inclined layers Contacts between sedimentary beds More cross-bedding Bed contacts” Fig 7.25abc W W Norton More cross-bedding Cross beds Bed contacts” Cross-bedding Transport...
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More sedimentary rocks
... us about the nature of the source rocks Loose Sediments gravel sand silt clay Sedimentary rocks conglomerate sandstone siltstone shale Detrital Sedimentary Rocks ❖ Other important textural features: ... Detrital Sedimentary Rocks Breccia ❖ Course like a conglomerate, but with angular grains ❖ Short transport! ❖Deposited close to the source area for sediment ◆ Detrital sedimentary rocks Sandstone ... Example: Well-sorted Poorly-sorted ◆ Detrital Sedimentary Rocks Shale & Siltstone ❖ Silt & clay-sized particles (mud, clay, silt) ❖ Over 1/2 of all sedimentary rocks ❖ Particles too small to identify...
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Sedimentary rocks
... of older rocks in a conglomerate Sedimentary Rocks and the Rock Cycle Volcanic rocks (basalt flows on Hawaii) being turned into sediments Basalt flows Basalt gravels Older sedimentary rocks Younger ... (transport) processes • Soils •Types of sedimentary rocks: Chemical Origin of Sedimentary Rocks - Derived through the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks - Form by the transport and accumulation ... Erosion (transport) & local deposition Sedimentary environments & processes Deposition, burial, lithification Sedimentary Rocks and the Rock Cycle Older sedimentary rocks (conglomerate) being recycled...
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SEDIMENTARY ROCKS, METAMORPHIC ROCKS, AND AGE DETERMINATION
... absolute age dating • determination of amounts of radioactive parent and stable daughter Relative Age dating SED-MET ROCKS -AGE • Age determination method • relative and absolute age determination ... ROCKS -AGE • Age determination (geologic age) • important concepts used • relative age concepts • crosscutting and intrusive nature of igneous rocks • law of superposition pertaining to sedimentary ... and pressure are equally important in the metamorphic process and includes a much larger area of metamorphism—higher temperatures would form a higher grade of metamorphic rock SED-MET ROCKS-AGE...
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Chapter 3 the classification of clastic sedimentary rocks
... for the classification of arenites If the proportion of matrix is less than 15% plot the data and use Dott’s diagram for the classification of arenites This classification is based on the major ... distances, increasing the maturity of the sands (e.g., Colorado River, Rio Grande, Mississippi River) II Genetic Classification of sedmentary rocks Classification on the basis of how the rocks were deposited ... classification of arenites If the proportion of matrix is less than 15% plot the data and use Dott’s diagram for the classification of arenites If the proportion of matrix is less than 15% plot the data...
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Origin and interpretation of sedimentary rocks
... record • They hold all of the oil, gas,coal, and water — locating these materials requires an understanding of the physical characteristics of different sedimentary rocks and how those characteristics ... 3-D Coconino Sandstone Coconino Sandstone up close thin slice of Coconino sandstone seen through microscope un-cemented quartz sand grains from a sand dune So how are sedimentary rocks made? Physical ... a thick pile of shallow-water sediments? We need to think about isostasy and sea level change in our search for an explanation of how we can get such thick piles of sediment, all of which appear...
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ch05 sedimentary rocks online notes
... transportation Sedimentary rocks are typically layered, (although layering is not diagnostic of only sedimentary rocks) Lecture Outline Sedimentary rocks; surface processes Your sedimentary environment ... carbonate rocks ("carbonates") and evaporitic rocks ("evaporites") Lecture Outline Sedimentary rocks Your sedimentary environment and Burial and diagenesis Interpretation of clastic texture Sedimentary ... Rock classification Three types of sedimentary Rocks •Clastic •Biochemical •Chemical Major Classes of sediments and sedimentary rocks For clastic sedimentary rocks there is a classification scheme...
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chapter 6 sedimentary rocks
... converting loose sediment into sedimentary rock – Combination of compaction and cementation Types of Sedimentary Rocks • Detrital (clastic) sedimentary rocks – Most common sedimentary rock type – Form ... pre-existing rocks • Chemical sedimentary rocks – Have crystalline textures – Form by precipitation of minerals from solution • Organic sedimentary rocks – Accumulate from remains of organisms Clastic Sedimentary ... - >2 56 mm Cobble - 64 to 2 56 mm Pebble - to 64 mm Sand - 1/ 16 to mm Silt - 1/2 56 to 1/ 16 mm Clay - ...
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Clastic sedimentary rocks
... rocks made of silt- and clay-sized particles are collectively called mudrocks, and are the most abundant sedimentary rocks Clastic Terms Latin Greek Gravel Rudite Psephite Sand Arenite Psammite ... Sediment Sizes and Clastic Rock Types Rock Type Sediment Grain Size Shale Clay less than 0.001 mm Siltstone Silt 001-0.1 mm Sandstone Sand 01-1 mm Conglomerate Gravel 1mm + Sedimentary rocks made of ... Clastic Rocks Classified by: • Grain Size • Grain Composition • Texture The Wentworth Scale • Phi (φ)...
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k sedimentary rocks
... together by CaCO3 cement Biogenic rocks - Coal Accumulation of organic material in a swampy environment Anaerobic, dark, murky water Lagoon Care for a swim? Chemical rocks - Evaporite - Salt What happens ... SiO2 cement Cemented Limestone CaCO3 cement Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Clastics Increasing water energy Clastic Sedimentary Rock Fast Stream Fast moving water does not allow clay-sized particles ... Fossil Sedimentary rocks record environmental information Continental Shelf 10-1 5K feet of compacted sand and mud Lithification: Compaction...
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Lesson 2 classification of sedimentary rocks
... Classification of Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks usually originate in water environments, either oceans, lakes, or river beds Sedimentary rocks are grouped as; 1) Clastic 2) Chemical ... common and make up the majority of sedimentary rocks found on Earth’s surface Reference: Pages 159 - 173 ◆Three Classes of Sedimentary Rocks: 1.) Detrital sedimentary rocks ➨ Mechanical rock weathering ... lithification sediments gravel sand silt clay sedimentary rocks conglomerate sandstone siltstone shale 2) Chemical Sedimentary Rocks These rocks form as a result of chemical weathering dissolving chemicals...
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Sedimentary rocks (1)
... 12) Field Identification (slide 13) Classifying Sedimentary Rocks (slide 14) Sedimentary Rocks: (slide 15) Clastic Sedimentary Rocks: Sandstone (16) , Siltstone (17), Shale (18), ... Organic Sedimentary Rocks : Coal (30), Chert (31): Flint, Jasper and Agate (32) Stratigraphy (slide 33) and Sedimentary Structures (slide 34 ) Sedimentary Rocks in South Carolina (slide 35) Sedimentary ... Contents Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are formed by the lithification of inorganic and/or organic sediments, or as chemical precipitates There are two types of sedimentary rocks: Clastic...
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Sedimentary rocks (2)
... climate=paleoclimate TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Clastic rocks • • • • Chemical & Organic rocks Sandstones Conglomerates Breccia Shale/mudstones Evaporitic rocks These rocks are formed due to evaporation ... and formation of sedimentary rocks by mode of river water- deposition on the continent and on the ocean floor Fluvial deposits Marine deposits SEDIMENTARY ROCKS: are the secondary rocks which are ... weathering of older rocks • Almost 90% of earth crust is made up of igneous rocks • 75% of land surface on the earth is covered by thin veneer of sediments or sedimentary rocks • These sediments...
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Sedimentary rocks and the origin of sedimentary strata
... basin of deposition), no reworking IO= Impure orthochemical IA= Impure allochemical Sedimentary Rocks • T: Terrigenous • Most mudrocks, sandstones, and conglomerates • 65% to 75% of sedimentary strata ... dolomite • 10-15% of sedimentary strata • O: Orthochemical Rocks • Microcrystalline limestone, chert, anhydrite, crystalline dolomite • 2-8% of sedimentary strata Sedimentary Rocks: Terrigenous ... Siliciclastic Rocks: Sandstone • Sandstone composition is tied to source area and tectonic setting • Ternary System for Sandstone classification 22 Siliciclastic Rocks: Mudrocks • Most abundant of all sedimentary...
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Sedimentary rocks
... 01-1 mm Conglomerate Gravel 1mm + Sedimentary rocks made of silt- and clay-sized particles are collectively called mudrocks, and are the most abundant sedimentary rocks Some Special Clastic Rock ... Microscopic to 50m Sedimentary Rocks Clastic Rocks • Made of Fragmentary Material • Deposited by – Water (Most Common) – Wind – Glacial Action – Gravity Biochemical Sedimentary Rocks • Evaporation • Precipitation ... Pressure Texture Degree of Change Sedimentary Rocks are the Principal Repository for Information About the Earth’s Past Environment Environmental Clues in Sedimentary Rocks • Grain Size - Power of...
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