... are dyspnea, tachycardia, cyanosis, and progressive heart failure Later, secondary erythrocytosis and clubbing are usually present The diagnosis may be defined by echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, ... http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/2/1/184 Truncus arteriosus is another rare anomaly, defined as a single great artery that originates from the base of the heart and gives rise to the pulmonary, systemic, and coronary circulation ... vascular resistance, may delay the appearance of symptoms The diagnosis is established by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization The only definitive treatment for this anomaly is surgical...