Estimation of uncertainty in routine pH measurement

... rigorously determined That is – uncertainty is already introduced by the definition of pH [6, 10, 16] However, in routine pH determination this fundamental uncertainty (which in the case of the NBS ... uncertainty originating directly from the operation of measurement of the unknown solution It includes the following components: Repeatability of pH measurement Uncertainty originating from the finite ... it into account only with E1 and E2 This is one of the most important sources of uncertainty in pH measurements [18, 19] According to the philosophy of BIPM and the ISO measurement uncertainty...

Estimation of uncertainty in three dimensional coordinate measurement by comparison with calibrated points ppt

... approximate the uncertainty by taking the two end points on the calculated uncertainty curve and use the straight line containing those points as the uncertainty In this example, the uncertainty for ... of the uncertainty We begin with an explanation of how our uncertainty evaluations are made Following this general discussion we present a number of detailed examples The general outline of uncertainty ... uncertainty of the mean of 10 to 50 wrings of our master blocks Customer calibrations are limited to wrings because of time and financial constraints The standard deviation of the mean of n measurements...

estimation of uncertainty in predicting ground level concentrations from direct source releases in an urban area using

... layer is computed using equation 13 (13) www.intechopen.com Estimation of uncertainty in predicting ground level concentrations from direct source releases in an urban area using the USEPA’s AERMOD ... www.intechopen.com Estimation of uncertainty in predicting ground level concentrations from direct source releases in an urban area using the USEPA’s AERMOD model equations 185 Fig Uncertainty and Sensitivity ... www.intechopen.com Estimation of uncertainty in predicting ground level concentrations from direct source releases in an urban area using the USEPA’s AERMOD model equations 181 Sets Height of...

Estimation of uncertainty in pK a values determined by potentiometric titration

... overall pKa value is acceptable as long as the overall pKa value lies within the limits of ex- panded uncertainty pKax–U(pKax) pKax+U(pKax) According to this approach the drift in Table is acceptable ... the amounts and concentrations of the solutions a[ H+] and the ratio a[ A–] /a[ HA] can be calculated and a Ka (and pKa) value can be calculated for every point of the titration curve In our approach ... main sources of uncertainty in pKa determination Fig Uncertainty contributions of the most important input quantities of pKax at the titration point Vt=0.8 ferent Vt values are presented in Table...

The Treatment of Uncertainty in EPA’s Analysis of Air Pollution Rules: A Status Report pot

... The Treatment of Uncertainty in EPA’s Analysis of Air Pollution Rules: A Status Report Arthur G Fraas Abstract An understanding of the uncertainty in benefit and cost estimates is a critical ... analyses—as well as the other quantitative analyses developed in the RIA in assessing the uncertainty in the health benefits estimates Qualitative Discussion of Other Areas of Uncertainty EPA ... specific areas of uncertainty in the analysis of health benefits that deserve to be evaluated in a quantitative uncertainty analysis The NRC identifies The NRC report also noted that “Because of the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Mixture Model POMDPs for Efﬁcient Handling of Uncertainty in Dialogue Management" doc

... Table 1: Initial test results for human-machine dialogues, showing task completion and average length the TownInfo corpus of dialogues, which was collected using the TownInfo human-machine dialogue ... each attempting tasks in the TownInfo domain (searching for hotels and restaurants in a ﬁctitious town), resulting in 90 test dialogues The users each attempted tasks with the MDP system of (Lemon ... trend showing the superiority of the the MM Q-MDP system, both in terms of more tasks being completed and less variability in overall dialogue length Thanks to K Georgilla for training this model...

Báo cáo toán học: " Dilemmas in the reliable estimation of the in-vitro cell viability in magnetic nanoparticle engineering: which tests and what protocols?" doc

... Dilemmas in the reliable estimation of the in- vitro cell viability in magnetic nanoparticle engineering: which tests and what protocols? Clare Hoskins1, Lijun Wang*1, Woei Ping Cheng2 and ... either the presence of the MNPs both intracellular and on the membrane of the cells or the nanoparticles themselves interfere with the reagents In our experiments, wells with nanoparticles (intracellular ... were occurring between the assay systems and the nanoparticles, resulting in incorrect cell viability evaluation To further understand the cytotoxic effect of the nanoparticles on these cells, reactive...

báo cáo hóa học:" Dilemmas in the reliable estimation of the in-vitro cell viability in magnetic nanoparticle engineering: which tests and what protocols?" potx

... of factors including an increase in the coating diameter upon addition of the PEG moiety [33], thus increasing the stability of the nanoparticles and further shielding the cells from the iron oxide ... either the presence of the MNPs both intracellular and on the membrane of the cells or the nanoparticles themselves interfere with the reagents In our experiments, wells with nanoparticles (intracellular ... [35-38] In order to achieve a more in- depth understanding of the degree of cytotoxicity of the MNPs, we also investigated the effect the polymer-coated nanoparticles had on the integrity of the cell...

Báo cáo sinh học: "Restricted maximum likelihood estimation of covariances in sparse linear models" potx

... results in a factorization step as in the following In the presence of rounding errors (or in case of near dependence) we obtain entries of order eB in place of the diagonal zero (This even holds ... addresses in the following columns in table IV are derived directly from the level codes in the data (table 77) allocating one equation for each trait within each level pointing to the beginning of ... pattern of R + R This part of B-’ is called the sparse inverse’ of T B and can be computed cheaply; cf Appendix The use of the sparse inverse for the calculation of the gradient is discussed in Appendix...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Evaluation of a commercial Erns-capture ELISA for detection of BVDV in routine diagnostic cattle serum samples" pdf

... performance of the Erns ELISA was not influenced by heat inactivation, which can be an advantage in laboratories where sera are often subject to several analyses and therefore heat-inactivated ... determined in all sera using a commercial indirect ELISA (BVDV- Ab SVANOVIR™, SVANOVA Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden) 1.3 Heat inactivated sera To study the influence of heat inactivation, we selected a subset ... was estimated by the kappa (k) ratio To estimate the effect of heat inactivation on the performance of the ELISA we evaluated the repeatability of the test before and after heat inactivation of...

Báo cáo sinh học: "Estimation of relatedness in natural populations using highly polymorphic genetic" docx

... detection of highly polymorphic DNA sequences, such as minisatellites (Jeffreys et al, 1985) Depending on the species being studied, problem lies in finding a highly polymorphic system or a combination ... development of a calibration curve using defined strains of chickens Genetics 125, 161-165 success Lewin R (1989) Limits to DNA fingerprinting Science 243, 1549-1551 Lynch M (1988) Estimation of relatedness ... relatedness In the previous definition, the value of identity increases with the relatedness of individuals Table I gives some values of identity for common kinship For all situations given in...

Báo cáo sinh học: " Estimation of heritability in the base population when only records from later generations are available" doc

... when only data from these generations are available In the former case, the component of variance estimates the genetic variance in the base population, and in the latter the genetic variance in ... Proceeding in this way, estimates of the genetic variance in the base population are 10.18 (p 10%) and 10.23 (p = 25%) These values are very close to the simulated genetic variance in the base population ... estimates of the genetic variance and heritability in the original base population Rather, the estimates of these parameters would be those obtained after relaxing selection for several generations, in...

the role of uncertainty in transaction cost and resource-based theories of the firm

... field of strategic management has used the concepts of uncertainty from these disciplines and applied them to the issues of the firm, including the existence and the boundary of the firm Transaction ... limited role in those topics Therefore, search for a type of uncertainty in resource-based theory also allows us to compare the role of uncertainty in the two alternative theories of the firm There ... comparison on the reasons of the existence of the firm leads to the second comparison on how uncertainty works in the two theories of the firm In transactio n cost economics, uncertainty exists in the...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Uncertainty estimation of biomass expansion factors for Norway spruce in the Czech Republic" pot

... studied Uncertainty estimation of BEF 137 and volume models (Fig 5) Examining the sensitivity in uncertainty of the BEF by ignoring the uncertainty in stand age increased the error in young and ... 60% of constant intraplot residual variance showed that the best way to increase the precision of BEFs would be the reduction in error of the biomass In the present study, the median value of the ... assumed for branch and foliage biomass of all forest sites despite the varying values for stand age and stocking densities The decreasing rate of the BEF as a function of age was steeper in the Czech...

Estimation of Proper Strain Rate in the CRSC Test Using a Artificial Neural Networks

... involved gathering the data for use in training and testing the neural network A large training data reduces the risk of under-sampling the nonlinear function, but increases the training time ... learn the database, and to predict the properties of consolidation SELECTION OF STRAIN RATE r= V − Vmin Vmax − Vmin Data Collection Data Normalization Parametric Studies (3) Training and Testing ... verify the applicability of MANN model, a total of 46 data of the consolidation test results are used 43 learning data are used for training the ANN model, and the others are used for the comparison...

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