... groups of participants: Vietnamese learners of English and native speakers of English For the Vietnamese group, we contacted most of the Vietnamese participants in person and some via e-mail to ask ... (Journal of Japanese Language Teaching), 87, 25 - 39 Lauper, J A (1997) Refusal strategies of native English speakers in Spanish and in English and of native English speakers in English Annual Meeting ... Beebe et al (1987), more advanced learners are more affected by the refusal strategies of their native language, whereas the native language of the learners in Yagamashira’s study had more influence...