... production and transportation of hydrogen (and the same for the gasoline for the conventional vehicles) In battery electric vehicles only electricity is used, but in plug -in fuel cell vehicles, both electricity ... battery pack in a charge sustaining mode (maintaining their SOC nearly constant discharging and charging from the vehicle engine and the regenerative braking system) while PHEVs can operate in either ... of BEV and PHEV-FC road vehicles facing the driving style, road gradient, occupancy rate, electrical load, and battery's initial state of charge This study covers pure electric and plug -in hybrid...