... wheref, , and are optimal values, 01 offenses would occur if p = f = 0, and 02 is the value of that minimizes D CRIME AND PUNISHMENT 205 Effectiveness so defined can vary between zero and unity and ... satisfying(A2) and (Al 5), fi and A,minimizeL if Lpp > 0, Lff > 0, (A24) LppLff > Lf = L2f (A25) and But Lpp= OA', and Lff = 02A, and since both A' and A have been shown to be greaterthan zero, (A24) ... could not repay loans CRIME AND PUNISHMENT 197 voluntary market transactions inevitably must distinguish between such "debtors" and others If a rich man purchases a car and a poor man steals one,...