... 102 3 pectinate muscles 119pericardial constriction 84pericardial effusion 132 pericarditis 134 –5constrictive/restrictivephysiology 135 , 135 diagnosis 135 pericardium 132 –5tamponade 133 –4period ... 83 5diastolic fillingearly 81late 81limitation 135 display 29modes 24–6Doppler 22–9continuous wave 32 2-D-tissue imaging 35 equation 140principles 29 31 pulse wave 31 tissue imaging 34 –5Doppler ... pressure, raised 133 –4ischaemia, chronic 79isovolumetric relaxation time 80, 81, 83 Lambl’s excrescences 60LARRD resolution 22, 33 LATA resolution 23 late filling 81lateral resolution 23 lateral-gain...