... diversity of their futurecontribution to the population should be accounted for. Based on the gene-flowtheory [17], wj, the weight to be given to group j is, for simplification, the proportion of the ... decreasing the weight of familial information vs. the weight of individual information [11, 20,34, 41] or by including penalties for individual’s inbreeding coefficient [20, 37] or for the average ... position of mating ijis k = (i − 1)Nd+ j. The corresponding vector of estimated breeding values is of the same dimension and is noted b. Eachelement is equal to the average of the EBV of the parents...