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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit – effects of fluid administration" potx

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Báo cáo y học: "Science review: Redox and oxygen-sensitive transcription factors in the regulation of oxidant-mediated lung injury: κ role for nuclear factor-κ" pdf

... damage [2 6–3 7]. In amurine hyperoxia model, the effects of lisofylline on the activa-tion of NF-κB and CREB, on the expression of proinflamma-tory cytokines in the lungs and on the circulating levels ... infiltration into the lungs and toincreased pulmonary proinflammatory cytokine expression [7].However, the initial events induced by hyperoxia, therebyleading to acute inflammatory lung injury, remain ... DNA binding. The pathway leading to the formation of GSH by the action of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) isblocked by L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), inducing an irreversible inhibition...
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Báo cáo y học: "Science review: Redox and oxygen-sensitive transcription factors in the regulation of oxidant-mediated lung injury: α role for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α" pptx

... in the proximal tubules of inflamed kidneys but not in normal kidneys [48]. In otherorgans, VEGF gene expression is induced by hypoxia and bycytokines. To identify the cellular mechanisms in ... Care 2002, 6:4-6.Critical Care February 2003 Vol 7 No 1 Haddad50DNA binding. In hypoxia, cytokines strongly increased HIF-1activity compared with the effect of hypoxia alone. Only IL-1βincreased ... production of EPO was fullyblocked and that of VEGF reduced following inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway [49]. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases in this...
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Báo cáo y học:

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit effects of fluid administration" potx

... combination. The singleexception is the addition of weak base (e.g. tris-hydroxymethylaminomethane) [6], which is normally absent from body fluids.ReviewClinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities ... Treating acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit the role of buffers. Crit Care 2004, 8:259-265.17. Mathieu D, Neviere R, Billard V, Fleyfel M, Wattel F: Effects of bicarbonate therapy ... for the SAFE Study Investigators: A comparison of albumin andsaline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl JMed 2004, 350:2247-2256.64. Liskaser F, Story DA: The acid–base...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in adults — a review of the literature and practical applications" ppsx

... Vtreceived by the patient depends on anumber of factors, including the size of the endotracheal tube, the airway resistance, and the compliance of the total respira-tory system. Unfortunately, there ... this, the results are very encouraging and point to the need for further investigation.There are several unanswered questions regarding HFOV in adults. These include the ideal timing of the intervention, ... is the decoupling of oxygenation and CO2 elimination. Ventilation is determined bychanges in power (a surrogate for Vt) and in frequency.Simply increasing the power will often result in...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) as adjunctive therapy for severe sepsis practical aspects at the bedside and patient identification Pierre-François Laterre and Xavier Wittebole" pdf

... because in the Kyberseptstudy patients with a past history of stroke, or cranial orspinal trauma were excluded if the event had occurred within the past year. In that study the incidence of ICH in ... is indicated. Finally, the type and source of infection, andits anticipated natural history, may determine whether drotrecogin alfa (activated) is indicated as wellas the timing of its administration.Keywords ... the consideration of drotrecogin alfa (activated) as adjunctivetherapy for severe sepsis. In the PROWESS study, the timewindow between the development of the first organ dysfunc-tion and the start of the infusion...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The management of hypertensive crises" ppsx

... hypertension [29,4 3–4 5]. In addition toactivation of the renin–angiotensin system, vasopressin,endothelin, and catecholamines are postulated to playimportant roles in the pathophysiology of ... the pathophysiology of malignant hypertension [42]. Activation of the renin–angiotensin system has been strongly implicated in the initiation and perpetuation of the vascular injury associ-ated ... pressure may result in further infarction involving the entire territory of that artery. The current recommendation of the American Heart Association is that hypertension in the setting of acute...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit" doc

... utility identified in some studiesthat is conspicuously lacking in others? The answer may befound in the timing. Much like base excess, the value of the SIG may be related to the time of assay. ... for other injuries in isolation orcombination. The interpretation of SBE must thereforeincorporate the injury complex into decision-making, perhapslimiting its utility. A recent study of salvageable ... of outcome in the critically ill,and they should be incorporated into a prognosticationmethod. Future studies of acid–base prediction of outcomeshould strongly consider including each of these...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Noninvasive ventilation in the clinical setting experience from the past 10 year" pps

... 8-yearretrospective study in which they investigated the changes in clinical practice of NIV in COPD patients. In that survey the failure rate with NIV was constant over time, regardless of the increasing ... limited. In these studies the enrolment of patients with only slightly compromisedrespiratory function may account for the absence of relevantphysiological effects of NIV. A point that the meta-analysis ... breathing trial for 3 consecutive days. In thatstudy NIV was effective in shortening the duration of invasiveventilation, and decreasing the incidence of nosocomialinfections, mortality, and...
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Báo cáo y học: " Clinical review: Vasculitis on the intensive care unit part 1: diagnosis" doc

... proteinare typical findings, but they add little in determining the specific diagnosis. The urea and creatinine can varyenormously, and premorbid values are particularly important in interpreting ... Pragmatically, becausedistinguishing WG from MPA does not change therapy in the ICU, it is only necessary to identify the presence of a smallvessel vasculitis and not to classify it. By using testing ... in the manner of their presentation to the ICU.Typically, this involves the lungs or kidneys, or both, although the heart, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tractcan also all be involved....
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Vasculitis on the intensive care unit part 2: treatment and prognosis" ppsx

... died within 2 years;CSS was nearly universally fatal, with 50% of deaths within the first year. PAN had a 5-year survival of 13%, again withmost deaths occurring in the early stages of the disease.However, ... immunosuppressive therapy. In thissecond part of the review we consider the role played by the ICU in their treatment and look at the prognosis of the fulminantpresentations. Although there is a firm ... duringtreatment of the vasculitis, and in 2 0–4 0% of cases this willneed to continue in the long term [4]. Unfortunately, of thosewho avoid long-term renal replacement therapy initially, manywill progress...
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