... ument translation become equivalent only if each word in one language is translated into a unique word in the other languages. In fact machine translation tends to be a many -to- one mapping ... D. Far- well., E. Hovy, and L. Gerber, editors, Machine Translation and the Information Soup, page 472. S.E. Robertson, S. Walker, S. Jones, M.M. Hancock-Beaulieu, and M. Gatford. 1995. Okapi ... tempts to compare query translation and document translation approaches to CLIR (Oard, 1998) have suggested that document translation is preferable, but the results have been difficult to interpret....