... computerizing Wal-Mart's operations. As a result of this forward-look-ing move, Wal-Mart grew to be the icon of just-in-time inventory control and sophisticated logistics. By 1998, Wal-Mart's ... Whole Foods beat Wal-Mart in both overall and comparable-store, year-to-year sales growth.8 s CHAPTER 16 MANAGING RETAILING, WHOLESALING, AND LOGISTICS In the previous chapter, we examined ... nonstore retailing are direct selling (one-to-one selling, one-to-many-party selling, and multilevel network mar-keting); direct marketing (which includes e-commerce and Internet retailing); automatic...