... beconfusing by just using a span to refer to a node. In addition,some nodes will often have the same labels and spans. There-fore, it is more convenient to use an identity for referring to anode. The ... the effectiveness of our ap-proach. We concatenated the small corpus weused above and the FBIS corpus. After remov-ing the sentences that we failed to obtain forests,2Note that even we used ... rule. Then, the de-coder runs on the translation forest. We use the cube pruning method (Chiang, 2007) to approxi-mately intersect the translation forest with the lan-guage model. Traversing the...