... G-to -A substitutions (many of these amino acid replacements arenot typically associated with resistance, but variation atthese sites may impact mutational pathways and modu-late viral susceptibility to antiretroviral ... always better? (A case study of HIV-1 Vif and APOBEC3)Satish K Pillai*1,2, Joseph K Wong1,2 and Jason D Barbour1Address: 1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, ... APOBEC3G is catalytically active and has antiviral potency as a monomer. The monomericcapacity of APOBEC3G makes the range of 3–11 mole-cules per virion meaningful, and likely consequential[28,29].HIV-1...