... methods of disinfection are used: chemical and physical. The chem-
ical methods, of course, use chemical agents, and the physical methods use physical
agents. Historically, the most widely used chemical ... upgrading wastewater treatment
plants. Water Science Technol., Proc. 1997 Int. Conf. on Upgrading of Water and
Wastewater Syst., May 25–28, 37, 9, 89–95. E...
... examples of systems of units: meter-kilogram-second (mks),
meter-gram-second (mgs), liter-gram-second (lgs), centimeter-gram-second (cgs),
liter-grammoles-second (lgmols), meter-kilogrammoles-second ... topics of water and
wastewater characterization, quantitation, and population projection, this book covers
the unit operations and unit processes in the physical chemical tr...
... P. Sincero and G. A. Sincero
168 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater
the parasites. For municipal water systems, the most practical and effective way of
getting rid of the parasite ... 2003 by A. P. Sincero and G. A. Sincero
174 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater
Surfactants—Surface-active agents, which means that they have...
... providing the agitation.
Generally, three types of mixers are used in the physical chemical treatment of water
and wastewater: rotational, pneumatic, and hydraulic mixers.
Rotational mixers
... Instru-
mentation, Control and Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport
Syst., July 6–9, 1997, Brighton, England, 37, 12, 181–192. Elsevier Science...
... rapid-sand filter
of average porosity of 0.42. The temperature of the water to be filtered is
20°C. The head losses in the slow-sand and rapid-sand filters are 0.06 m
and 0.71 m, respectively and ... sand of sieve analysis of Problem 7.10 is used to con-
struct (a) a slow-sand filter of average porosity of 0.39 operated at
9.33 m
3
/m
2
⋅ d and (b) a rapid-sand filter of...
... rejection
ions
Ca
2+
SO
2-
Na
+
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0Na
+
Cl
-
H
2
0
H
2
0
H
2
0
H
2
0
Monovalent ... system of units (meter-kilogram-second)
and the temperatur...
... Sincero and G. A. Sincero
518 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater
11.1.3 ’S FOR PERTINENT CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF THE
C
ARBONATE EQUILIBRIA
Let us now derive the values of the of the ... by A. P. Sincero and G. A. Sincero
524 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater
A positive value of the Langelier index indicates that the wate...
... Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and
Transport Syst., July 6–9, Brighton, England, 37, 12, 111–119. Elsevier Science Ltd.,
Exeter, England.
Chuang, C. J. and K. Y. Li (1997). Effect of coagulant ... =
Al
7
(OH)
17
4+
[]
Al
7
(OH)
17
[]
γ
Al
7
(OH)
17
c
K
Al
7
(OH)
17
c
Al
3+
{}
7
γ
Al
7
(OH)
17
c
H
+
{}
17
K
Al
7
(OH)
17
c
γ
Al
7
Al
3+
[]
7
γ
Al
7...
... equilibrium constant of Mn(OH)
+
.
13 .17 At a pH of 11.97 and dissolved solids of 140 mg/L, the concentration of
sp
Mn
is 0. 0179 mg/L. Calculate the activity coefficient of Mn(OH)
+
. The
temperature ... waterworks with a new biooxidation
process for removal of manganese and iron. Water Science Technol., Proc. 1997 Int.
Conf. on Upgrading of Water and Wastewater S...