Inspection, Evaluation and Repair of Steel Structures Part 8 docx

... weldability and welding practices for structural steel had markedly improved and standardized. d. Weldability of earlier steels. (1) A very good reference that discusses the weldability of steels, ... structural steel today and is used for both welded and bolted applications. b. Rivet steel standards. (1) Rivet steel was not typically specified by steel grade, but only as structural steel, ... published for steel structural rivets, and superseded ASTM A141 and A195. The later version of this specification (ASTM A502) covers three grades of steel rivets: general-purpose carbon steel rivets,...

... Structural Steels Used on Older Hydraulic Steel Structures 7-5 7- 18 Chapter 8 Repair Considerations General 8- 1 8- 1 Corrosion Considerations 8- 2 8- 1 Detailing to Avoid Fracture 8- 3 8- 2 Repair of ... 8- 2 Repair of Cracks 8- 4 8- 3 Rivet Replacement 8- 5 8- 8 Repair Examples 8- 6 8- 8 Appendix A References ii EM 1110-2-6054 1 Dec 01 2-1 Chapter 2 Causes of Structural Deterioration ... describes the inspection, evaluation, and repair of hydraulic steel structures, including preinspection identification of critical locations (such as fracture critical members and various con-nections)...

... ASTM A 588 /A 588 M steel (a low-carbon weathering steel containing copper) and would corrode when coupled with A 588 /A 588 M steel. There may also be a potential difference between rivet steel and the ... contact surfaces of the structure and seal, galvanic corrosion if the seal plate is of a dissimilar metal to that of the structure itself, or erosion corrosion if abrasive sand and silt particles are ... stiffeners and diaphragm web-to-girder welds. (7) Previous cracks repaired by welding. Figure 3-6 shows an example of cracks redeveloped at weld repairs. (8) Locations of previous repairs...

... 1 987 , 1 989 ; Mlakar et al. 1 989 ). 6-2. Fracture Behavior of Steel Materials a. The operating service temperature of a steel structure has a significant effect on the fracture behavior of ... Structural Evaluation 6-1. Purpose of Evaluation a. Structural evaluation is the process of determining the capability of a structure to perform its intended function. The evaluation ... effect of bead configuration, and macrodefects of welded joints. The quality of welds can be evaluated as a function of ductility to resist cracking during bending. The top and bottom surfaces of...

... of σ and a. Stress-intensity factors for various types of geometries can be calculated using the information included in Figures 6 -8 through 6-16 (Barsom and Rolfe 1 987 ). Barsom and Rolfe and ... (British Standards Institution 1 980 ).EM 1110-2-6054 1 Dec 01 6-5 Figure 6-5. Interaction of coplanar discontinuities (Extracts from British Standards Institution 1 980 . Complete copies of the ... (Barsom and Rolfe 1 987 , p 47. Reprinted by permission of Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.) EM 1110-2-6054 1 Dec 01 6 -8 Figure 6 -8. Through-thickness crack (Barsom and Rolfe...

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of Transportation 1 988 ). Figure 6-23. Development of maintenance schedule 6-12. Recommended Solutions for Distressed Structures...

... support beams and frame with fillet welds. Seventeen out of twenty of the bars fractured completely as shown in Figure 8- 10. In each of the fractured bars, the cracks initiated at the end of the weld ... that out -of- plane displacement and rigidity of end connections may also impose flexure in the bracing members (Commander et al. 1994). 8- 11 EM 1110-2-6054 1 Dec 01 Figure 8- 7. Bolted ... composed of a steel outer frame, two support beams, and several screen bars that span the frame across the support beams. The bars were attached on the upstream face of the rack with the edges of...

... discussion of repair of the trashrack bars in paragraph 8- 6e). Figure 8- 18. Bolted tee connection retrofit of fractured hand rail 8- 23 EM 1110-2-6054 1 Dec 01 Figure 8- 14. Intersecting ... Institute of Steel Construction 1 989 American Institute of Steel Construction. 1 989 . “Allowable Stress Design Manual of Steel Construction,” 9th ed., Chicago, IL. American Institute of Steel ... recommended repair is a combination of crack repair procedures shown in Figures 8- 3 and 8- 4. First, repair the crack according to Figure 8- 4 while following the guidelines for welded crack repair...

... Structural Steels Used on Older Hydraulic Steel Structures 7-5 7- 18 Chapter 8 Repair Considerations General 8- 1 8- 1 Corrosion Considerations 8- 2 8- 1 Detailing to Avoid Fracture 8- 3 8- 2 Repair of ... and Design INSPECTION, EVALUATION AND REPAIR OF HYDRAULIC STEEL STRUCTURES 1. Purpose. This manual describes the inspection, evaluation, and repair of hydraulic steel structures, including ... 30 September 1993, and ETL 1110-2-351, 31 March 1994. US Army Corps of Engineers® ENGINEERING AND DESIGN Inspection, Evaluation, and Repair of Hydraulic Steel Structures EM...

... toughness of steel is generally a function of chemical composition, thermomechanical history, and microstructure. Chemical composition affects the toughness of a steel, since the addition of solute ... especially true of welds on riveted structures, since the structural steels typically used in older structures are not characterized as steels for welding. A discussion of structural steels used ... cooling of the weld material and HAZ promotes the formation of martensite, which is a brittle phase of steel. Preheat and postheat requirements have been adopted (American National Standards...