... studies 15 4-1 0
Nontarget insect testing 15 4-1 1
Tier II Studies
Volatility 15 5-4
Dispenser water leaching 15 5-5
Absorption-desorption 15 5-6
Octanol/water partition 15 5-7
U.V. Absorption 15 5-8
Hydrolysis ... yield relative to wild-type AcMNPV in H. virescens
larvae ranged from 5- to 100-fold, and, in T. ni and H. zea larvae, the reductions
ranged from 7-...
... Area-Wide Control of Insect
Pests Integrating the Sterile Insect and Related Nuclear and other Techniques. In Press
1998.
Loosjes, T. The Sterile Insect Technique for Commercial Control of the ... Control of the Onion Fly. Proceed-
ings of FAO/IAEA International Conference on Area-Wide Control of Insect Pests Inte-
grating the Sterile Insect and Related N...
... benefits of a
biological control project are a function of the type and degree of damage by a pest,
efficiency of the biological control agent, market price for the crop, and risk aversion
of producers. ... Segarra-Carmona. 1994. A history of biological control
in Maryland. Biological Control 4: 185–243.
Barbosa, P., S. M. Braxton, and A. Segarra-Carmona. 1997....
... Mala-
cosoma americanum to 5- -cholestane-2,4-dione and 5- -cholestane-3-one, J. Chem.
Ecol. 19, pp. 449–457, 1993.
Fletcher, B.S. and T.E. Bellas. Pheromones in Diptera, in CRC Handbook of Natural ... because of the development of more sophisticated
equipment and progress with their identification and synthesis. An improved under-
standing of the operational, biological,...
... regulators (IGRs) are insecticides that mimic the action of hor-
mones on the growth and development of insect pests. The advantages of using IGRs
instead of classic insecticides in pest control include ... Effects of ecdysteroid agonist RH-5849 on pupal diapause
of the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta). Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physi-
ology 35, 191–197, 199...
... the effectiveness of insect biological control agents
by synergizing the interactions between insect- resistant barley, maize, sorghum,
and wheat, and the parasitoids of insect pests attacking these ... the effects of plant resistance factors on
biological control agents. Their results suggested that a better understanding of the
evolution of crop plants, pests,...
... control insect pests, and has introduced a number
of less harmful pesticides. In addition, alternative strategies for pest control have
been pursued, such as biological control, and the use of ... by introduction of a modified δ-endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis.
Bio/Technology 11, 115 1 115 5, 1993.
Garcia-Olmedo, F., G. Salcedo, R. Sanchez-Monge, L. Gomez, J. R...
... development
and use of the Model A Ford. Instead, this chapter presents a review of the biotech-
nological approaches being developed for insect control in agriculture (both short-
term and long-term ... level
of control of the pest insect due either to low level of bt-toxin expression in the plant
or a higher level of tolerance to the toxin in the insect pest coul...
...
2 a
n-1
a
n-3
a
n-5
…
3 b
1
=a
n-2
-a
n
a
n-3
/a
n-1
b
2
=a
n-4
-a
n
a
n-5
/a
n-1
b
3
=a
n-6
-a
n
a
n-7
/a
n-1
…
4 c
1
=a
n-3
-b
2
a
n-1
/b
1
c
2
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n-5
-b
3
a
n-1
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1
... other
hand.
The quality of the feedback control is mainly translated through its stability and
the follow-up precision of the output on the input and consequently of the dynamics
o...