... spectrum analyzer, 46 Scalloping effect, 46 Sequence structure, 10Sequence time and phase shift, 86Seven point smoothing sequence, 64 SigniÞcant and adequate signal energy, 14 Sine wave, 32, ... overlap due to aliasing, 50Spectrum errors, 44 Spectrum of a time sequence, 16Square-law modulation, 35–37SSB rf signal, 145 SSB transmitter, 148 Standard deviation, 101State variable equation, ... frequencies, 47 AGC loop, 66Aliasing, 3, 10Aliasing, “classical”, 53Aliasing and Þlter design, 53Aliasing in the frequency domain, 48 Aliasing in time domain, 59All-pass Þlter, 145 – 147 Analytic signal, ...