... lineand primary cortical neuron cultures. J. Biol. Chem. 27 5, 122 00– 122 06. 22 . Stanciu, M. & DeFranco, D.B. (20 02) Prolonged nuclearretention of activated extracellular signal-regulated proteinkinase ... Hetman, M. & Gozdz, A. (20 04) Role of extracellular signalregulated kinases 1 and 2 in neuronal survival. Eur.J.Biochem. 27 1, 20 50 20 55.2b. Cavanaugh, J.E. (20 04) Role of extracellular signal ... mechanical trauma [20 ], glutathione depletion [21 23 ], zinc [24 ,25 ], amyloidbeta peptide plus iron [26 ], the parkinsonian neurotoxinsMPP+ [27 ] and 6-hydroxydopamine [28 ,29 ] and othermiscellaneous...