... but they
were not impaired in synovial fluid from RA patients. Our data
indicate that NKT cells may be involved in the disease process
of RA and that a strategy to boost the regulatory potential ... regulatory potential of NKT cells might represent a
useful candidate therapy for RA.
Introduction
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a distinct subset of lymphocytes...
... surface was not altered by U8 3A treatment, with
minimal effects up to an hour, in contrast to stimulation
with human chemokines which showed rapid, clathrin
mediated internalisation after 5 minutes ... interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
JC carried out the binding, internalisation and confocal
microscopy studies, and contribut...
... potent ability to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine
synthesis, interleukin (IL)-10 has a marginal clinical effect in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Recent evidence suggests
that IL-10 induces ... indicate that IL-10 may contribute to
monocyte differentiation into the proinflammatory type of mac-
rophages characteristic of RA.
It has been shown that IL-10 augments the macrophage col-...
... http://arthritis-research.com/content/6/2/55
Introduction
Despite many years of study, the aetiology of inflammatory
arthritis remains poorly understood. A growing body of
data describing leukocyte differentiation, migration and
cellular interactions has ... RA
demonstrated a defect in the ability of their CD4
+
CD25
+
T cells to inhibit the production of TNF-α by monocytes.
This de...
... originate, in the
thymus or in the periphery.
One prevailing model is that a class of regulatory T cells
that originate in the thymus, are self-reactive and are
involved in protection from autoimmune ... [10].
In mice, T
R
cells are thought to represent a population of
T cells that are thymically derived and suppress
autoreactive CD4
+
T cells. This is sup...
... with a cytostatic drug and
administered early in actively induced arthritis. We show that
CD134 can be used as a marker for activated auto-aggressive
T cells early in AA, that targeting of these ... cells start to infiltrate the
joints [17]. The present data therefore suggest that early in
AA, CD134
+
T cells, after activation in the PLN, can migrate to
Figure 4
Anti-CD13...
...
transcriptomes
General features, comparison to existing EST datasets, and analysis
of transcriptome complexity and differentiation
High quality total RNA was obtained from eight time points
in the diel cycle ... spreadsheet
indicating the results of automatic queries with C. reinhardtii
flagellar-related proteins against E. huxleyi EST clusters, and
an analysis of these clusters compared...
... detailed
analysis of antihypertensive medication indicates that BBL
medication and not any other antihypertensive medication
is associated with a reduced lung function. This negative
effect of ... the data analysis, interpretation of data and
manuscript preparation. JH and ES developed the statistical analysis plan. SK,
HS, SG, CM, MH, AP, H-EW, JB, RMH and JH assisted in the interpreta...
... the Rac1 sequence to arginine
and analyzed the mutated proteins for ubiquitination
in HEK293 cells. Most of the 18 mutations tested did
not notably affect the polyubiquitination pattern of
myc–Rac1L61 ... persistently activated and associated
with plasma membrane, Rac1b has an impaired ability
to activate several Rac1 downstream signaling path-
ways [27,28]. To evaluate the possible effe...
... releasing T
H
2 attracting chemokines and
aquire a distinct migratory phenotype. Finally, we could
show that in a murine sensitization model, nasal instilla-
tion of OVA together with aqueous pollen ... con-
stituents.
PALMs potently attract and activate PMN and
eosinophils
The finding that pollen grains interact with cells of the
human immune system was made by Siegel and Sherman...