... singÔcold saturationÕ or Ôhot saturationÕ analysis. The kineticdata for ligand association and dissociation rates weresubjected to analysis byLIGAND,usingÔkinetic analysisÕ.Each curve was subjected ... min)1.Toxin quantification was performed using a bicinchoninicacid Protein Assay K it (Pierce) using BSA as a standard.Absorbance was read at 570 nm on a BIO-RAD Model 450 microplate reader. The ... brevetoxin,veratridine and batrachotoxin [21,22,27–30]. Notably, atnanomolar con centrations d-ACTX-Ar1 a nd -Hv 1a com-pletely inhibit the binding of classical scorpion a- toxins(e.g. Aah-II and Lqh-II) to rat...