... In the syn-ovium of HA-treated knees, the number and aggregation of synoviocytes decreased, and both treatments reduced the number of inflammatory cells, including macrophages,lymphocytes, and ... by the proinflammatorycytokines IL-1 and TNF-α [29–31,36]. NO may be involvedin cartilage catabolism by inhibiting the synthesis of colla-gen and PG, enhancing MMP activity, reducing the synthe-sis ... trials of other types of study design pre-sented here warrant further study in more rigorous trials. Inan open-label study (n = 40) of five weekly injections of HA, both the cartilage and the synovial...